scholarly journals Copper, nickel and zinc removal by peanut hulls: batch and column studies in mono, tri-component systems and with real effluent

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherms ◽  
Column Studies ◽  
Peanut Hulls ◽  
Component Systems ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The main goal of this research study was the removal of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous solutions using peanut hulls. This work was mainly focused on the following aspects: chemical characterization of the biosorbent, kinetic studies, study of the pH influence in mono-component systems, equilibrium isotherms and column studies, both in mono and tri-component systems, and with a real industrial effluent from the electroplating industry. The chemical characterization of peanut hulls showed a high cellulose (44.8%) and lignin (36.1%) content, which favours biosorption of metal cations. The kinetic studies performed indicate that most of the sorption occurs in the first 30 min for all systems. In general, a pseudo-second order kinetics was followed, both in mono and tri-component systems. The equilibrium isotherms were better described by Freundlich model in all systems. Peanut hulls showed higher affinity for copper than for nickel and zinc when they are both present. The pH value between 5 and 6 was the most favourable for all systems. The sorbent capacity in column was 0.028 and 0.025 mmol g-1 for copper, respectively in mono and tri-component systems. A decrease of capacity for copper (50%) was observed when dealing with the real effluent. The Yoon-Nelson, Thomas and Yan’s models were fitted to the experimental data, being the latter the best fit.

scholarly journals PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COCONUT ECOTYPES IN BENIN COASTAL ZONE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 215-225
Author(s):  
Ulysse Ayihaou Daa-Kpode ◽  
Patrice Hodonou Avogbe ◽  
Gustave Djedatin ◽  
Daniel Datchiglo ◽  
Aristide Bakpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Physico Chemical

Coconut water is highly consumed for refreshment due to its nutritional value. However, its nutritional value varies according to the ecotype and stage of maturity of ecotype. In order to identify best ecotypes with high nutritious value, a physico-chemical composition of ten (10) ecotypes was performed at earlier stage of maturity (3 months). The measured parameters were: coconut height, mass of water, total sugar content, soluble sugar content, protein, titratable acidity and pH.  The obtained results showed that all parameters vary from one ecotype to another. All coconut ecotypes contain water slightly acid with a pH value less than 7.  Furthermore, there is no relationship between physical and biochemical parameters. However, within characterized ecotypes, Ecotype_2, appeared to have the best biochemical composition with a significant amount of water. This study provided important informations related to physico-chemical characteristics of coconuts ecotypes found in the coastal zone.

scholarly journals Study about Doping Ion La3+ onto Surface of Pyrolusite Ore for Removing Simultaneously Both Fluoride and Phosphate from Wastewater

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Hue ◽  
Nguyen Hoang Tung
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Xrd Techniques ◽  
Adsorbent Characterization ◽  
Coexisting Ions

Lanthanum has been doped onto the surface of the natural Pyrolusite for simultaneous removal of phosphate and fluoride in aqueous solution. The adsorbent characterization of the materials was observed by the SEM, BET, and XRD techniques. The dynamics and isotherms models of fluoride and phosphate adsorption, with respect to pH, pHPZC, adsorbent dose, and effect of coexisting ions, were studied. The results showed that lanthanum doped Pyrolusite ore (LDPO) relatively highly adsorbed amount of phosphate and fluoride from aqueous solution. Phosphate and fluoride removal efficiencies of LDPO are approximately 97% and 95%, respectively. Pseudo-first order for kinetic studies of phosphate and fluoride removal of the LDPO was observed with high correlations for fluoride but weak correlations for phosphate. However, pseudo-second order for kinetic studies was high correlation for both phosphate and fluoride. The phosphate and fluoride adsorption capacities of the LDPO significantly decreased with the existence of coions (sulfate, chloride, and nitrate) in the aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Application of Biochar to the Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Boni ◽  
Agostina Chiavola ◽  
Simone Marzeddu
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Equilibrium Conditions ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Physical And Chemical

BIOTON® biochar, produced by a wood biomass pyrolysis process, which is usually applied as soil amendment, was investigated for a novel application, i.e., the adsorption of lead from contaminated solutions. The experimental activity included physical and chemical characterization of BIOTON®; and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images to highlight its internal structure. The adsorption process was investigated through batch and column experiments. Adsorption kinetics showed very rapid achievement of equilibrium conditions, i.e., 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L initial Pb concentration at 2 h and 4 h, respectively. Complete removal also occurred within the same time. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller model was a better fit for the equilibrium data of both Pb concentrations, whereas the kinetics were best represented by the pseudo second-order model. Column tests showed that the addition of biochar as an adsorbent media within the bed significantly extended the time of breakthrough and exhaustion, with respect to the column filled with soil only. The values found for the adsorption capacity of BIOTON®- versus lead-containing solutions were comparable to those reported for commercial adsorbents. Therefore, BIOTON® can be considered a valid option: It also offers the additional benefit of allowing the recovery of a residue, which alternately would need to be disposed of.

Biopolymeric Adsorbent for the Removal of Methylene Blue: Characterizations, Equilibrium Isotherms and Kinetic Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 1125 ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
Siti Aishah Muhmed ◽  
Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Crosslinked Sago Starch (CSS) was prepared by crosslinking native starch with Sodium Trimetaphosphate. As a biodegradable adsorbent, CSS was used to remove methylene blue (MB) from the aqueous solution based on its characterization, including the granule morphology, crystalline nature and molecular structure. The adsorption capacity of CSS was evaluated as a function of pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration and time. It was favorable for adsorption under condition of neutral and at high initial concentration. The adsorption capacity trend was decreased with increasing the adsorbent dosage. The equilibrium isotherms were conducted using Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin model. It has been demonstrated that the better agreement was Langmuir isotherm with correlation coefficient of 0.99, equilibrium adsorption capacity of 3.75 mg g-1, chi-square test, χ2 of 0.03% and corresponding contact time of 4 hours. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion were used to fit adsorption data in the kinetic studies. And results showed that the adsorption kinetics was more accurately described by the pseudo-second-order model with correlation coefficient, R2 of 0.99 and standard deviation, SSE of 0.12%. The obtained results suggest that CSS could be promising candidates as an adsorbent for dye removal.

scholarly journals Adsorption of azo and anthraquinone dye by using watermelon peel powder and corn peel powder: equilibrium and kinetic studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4706-4713
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Color Removal ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Anthraquinone Dye

Clean water is an essential element for the survival of humans and nature. However, the tremendous growth in industrialization has degraded the water quality by introducing pollutants such as dyes into the main water bodies such as rivers. In this research, the locally collected agricultural wastes such as watermelon peel (Citrullus lanatus) and corn peel (Zea Mays) were tested on two types of synthetics dyes such Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R (RBV5) and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR). From the screening test, the watermelon peel achieved the highest color removal percentage with 44.8% and followed by corn’s peel with 18.89%. Both adsorbents were selected for the batch adsorption test by varying the parameters. Based on the results achieved from the batch adsorption test, the optimum removal of dye particles was achieved at the lowest concentration of dye solutions. The optimum pH value to achieve a high percentage of color removal is at pH3, which is acidic. In this case, the 3 g of adsorbent dosage achieved the highest percentage of color removal compared to 5 g. This could due to insufficient contact time. In addition, the chemical and physical characteristics of the adsorbents were analyzed using FESEM and FTIR respectively. By analyzing the surface texture and functional group, differences in the adsorbents before and after adsorption were noticed. Besides that, based on the obtained R2 values from the linear plotting, the Temkin isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted well compared to other isotherm and kinetic models. In conclusion, the watermelon peel and corn peel are capable of removing dye particles in the industrial effluent under selective conditions with low cost while being environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Mineralogical, Physicochemical and Morphological Characterization of Okpella Clay

Mining Revue ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Nurudeen Salahudeen ◽  
Aminat Oluwafisayo Abodunrin
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Local Clay ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Fluorescence Analyzer

Abstract Local clay mineral was mined from Okpella Town, Etsako Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. Mineralogical characterization of the clay was carried out using X-ray diffraction analyzer. Chemical characterization of the clay was carried out using X-ray fluorescence analyzer and the pH analysis of the clay was carried out using pH meter. The mineralogical analysis revealed that the clay was majorly a dolomite mineral having 72% dolomite. The impurities present are 18% cristobalite, 4.1% garnet, 5% calcite and 1% quicklime. The pH analysis of the clay revealed that the clay was acidic having average pH value of 3.9. The pH determined for the 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8 and 1:10 samples were 3.61, 3.85, 3.85, 4.05 and 4.09, respectively.

scholarly journals Adsorption isotherm, kinetic and mechanism studies of 2-nitrophenol on sedimentary phosphate

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Yaacoubi ◽  
Zuo Songlin ◽  
Mustapha Mouflih ◽  
Mina Gourai ◽  
Said Sebti
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Intraparticle Diffusion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherms ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Order ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Equilibrium Adsorption Capacity

Sedimentary phosphate (SP) was used as an adsorbent for the removal of 2-nitrophenol from aqueous solutions in an attempt to investigate (the feasibility of) its application (to) in wastewater purification.  The adsorbent was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy, Fluorescence X and BET.  The results indicated that the SP (was) is francolite (Ca10 (PO4,CO3)6F2) and mesoporous. The effect of the adsorption time and the pH of the solution were studied. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models were used to fit adsorption data in the kinetic studies. The equilibrium isotherms were determined using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. The results show that the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm had better agreement with the 2-nitrophenol adsorption on SP with a correlation coefficient of 0.98, an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 633 mg. g-1 and a corresponding contact time of 2 h. The results imply that intraparticle diffusion could be summarized as the basic rate-controlling mechanisms during 2-nitrophenol adsorption on SP.

Kinetic Studies of Adsorption of Disperse Blue 2BLN from Aqueous Solution by Expanded Graphite

2011 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
Jin Bo Huang ◽  
Min Cong Zhu ◽  
Zhi Fang Zhou ◽  
Hong Xia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Expanded Graphite ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Expanded graphite (EG) was prepared by microwave irradiation and evaluated as adsorbent for the removal of disperse blue 2BLN (DB) from aqueous solution by the batch adsorption technique under different conditions of initial pH value, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration and contact time. The experimental data were analyzed considering pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion approaches. The adsorption kinetics at room temperature could be expressed by the pseudo second order model very well. The results indicate that the adsorption rate is fast enough and more than eighty percent of the adsorbed DB can be removed in the first 15 min at room temperature, which makes the process practical for industrial application.

scholarly journals A Recent Study on Remediation of Direct Blue 15 Dye Using Halloysite Nanotubes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8196
Author(s):  
Shareefraza J. Ukkund ◽  
Prasad Puthiyillam ◽  
Ali E. Anqi ◽  
Syed Noeman Taqui ◽  
Masood Ashraf Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Direct Blue ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Direct Blue 15

A set of lab-scale experiments were designed and conducted to remedy Direct Blue 15 (DB15) dye using nontoxic halloysite nanotubes (HNT) with the view to be utilized in a textile industrial effluent (TIE). The DB15 adsorbed-HNT “sludge” was used as a reinforcing agent and plastic waste to fabricate the composite. To advance the knowledge and further understand the chemical phenomena associated with DB15 adsorption on HNT, different factors like pH value, adsorbate initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, and temperature on the composite were affected experimentally tested. To estimate the adsorption capacity of HNT, nine isotherm models were applied, and it was identified that the Brouers–Sotolongo adsorption isotherm model represented the best accuracy for predicting the adsorption behavior of the HNT. Likewise, the pseudo-second-order reaction was the predominant mechanism for the overall rate of the multi-step dye adsorption process. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the mass transfer during the process is diffusion-controlled, and thermodynamic assessments showed that the process is physisorption.

scholarly journals Antioxidative Potential, Antibiofilm Activity and Partial Chemical Characterization of Cultured Broth after Pleurotus ferulae Mycelium Cultivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2996-3000
Author(s):  
Emanuel Vamanu ◽  
Oana Livadariu ◽  
Ionela Sarbu ◽  
Mihaela Ene ◽  
Ioan Dopcea
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Culture Environment ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

The purpose of the present study was to assess the antioxidant effect, antibiofilm activity, and partial characterization of the main groups of bioactive compounds of mushrooms, under the influence of the composition of the relevant culture environment and different fermentation parameters of the Pleurotus (P.) ferulae mushroom mycelium. One used five carbon sources (1.0 g, 2.5 g, and 5.0 g/100 mL), which included glucose, sorbitol, starch, lactose, and sucrose, and of the fermentation parameters, the variation was characteristic for temperature (21, 23, and 25�C), and the pH values varied between 5 and 8. Following a review of the data and the statistical correlation of results, an optimum level of culture environment was found: 2.5 g/100 mL of glucose, at a temperature of 21�C, and a pH value of 5. Under such circumstances, the antioxidant activity exhibited a certain correlation with the level of the primary bioactive compounds (phenolic acids, for instance), the antibiofilm effect against four bacterial strains, and the outcomes were confirmed by showing the essential statistical indices.

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