scholarly journals Identifikasi Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Uji Sensitivitas terhadap Antibiotik dari Sampel Pus Infeksi Luka Operasi di RSUD Dr. Moewardi

Biomedika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Aulia Wahyu Sulviana ◽  
Nony Puspawati ◽  
Rizal Maarif Rukmana
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute ◽  
Clinical Laboratory Standard ◽  
Selective Agar

Infeksi luka operasi merupakan bagian dari infeksi nosokomial. Salah satu bakteri penyebab tertinggi infeksi luka operasi adalah Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya Pseudomonas aeruginosa pada sampel pus infeksi luka operasi dari Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Moewardi dan untuk mengetahui pola sensitivitasnya terhadap beberapa antibiotik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa yang telah diisolasi dari sampel pada media Pseudomonas Selective Agar lalu dilakukan pengecatan Gram dan uji biokimia, kemudian dilakukan uji sensitivitas terhadap beberapa antibiotik yaitu: siprofloksasin, seftriakson, meropenem, sefotaksim, gentamisin, dan tobramisin dengan metode difusi Kirby Bauer. Hasil diameter zona hambat pada uji sensitivitas dibandingkan dengan standar diameter zona hambat menurut Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 45 sampel pus infeksi luka operasi di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Moewardi teridentifikasi 11 sampel positif Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hasil uji sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa Pseudomonas aeruginosa sensitif 100% terhadap meropenem. Hasil uji sensitivitas menunjukkan sensitif 90,90% terhadap siprofloksasin, tobramisin dan gentamisin. Hasil uji sensitivitas menunjukkan sensitif 63,63% pada seftriakson dan hasil uji sensitivitas menunjukkan sensitif 9,09% pada sefotaksim.

scholarly journals EFICÁCIA DE SOLUÇÕES DESINFETANTES NA ELIMINAÇÃO DE FUNGOS DE IMPORTÂNCIA MÉDICA E VETERINÁRIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Martins Madrid ◽  
Alessandra Jacomelli Teles ◽  
Rosema Santin ◽  
Antonella Souza Mattei ◽  
Angelita Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute ◽  
Clinical Laboratory Standard

Programas de higiene e desinfecção são essenciais no controle ambiental de agentes fúngicos potencialmente patogênicos aos homens e animais, dessa forma objetivou-se avaliar a ação antifúngica do hipoclorito de sódio 4% e digluconato de clorexidina 6,6% em doze isolados fúngicos. Foram testados fungos isolados do ambiente e de casos clínicos como Aspergillus spp, Candida spp, Microsporum spp, Malassezia pachydermatis, Cryptococcus neoformans e Sporothrix schenckii. Foram utilizadas as técnicas de microdiluição em caldo e difusão em ágar conforme protocolos descritos pelo Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) com adaptações para agentes químicos. Todos os isolados foram sensíveis a concentrações inferiores a recomendada pelo fabricante do digluconato de clorexidina (6,6%) com CIM e CFM entre ≤0,42 a 1,68%. Para o hipoclorito de sódio, 58,3% dos isolados foram resistentes a concentração recomendada pelo fabricante (4%) apresentando CIM e CFM entre 2 e >8%. O digluconato de clorexidina apresentou maiores zonas de inibição do que o hipoclorito de sódio, com halos de até 31mm de diâmetro. A clorexidina demonstrou ação fungicida em baixas concentrações sendo eficaz na eliminação de fungos filamentosos e leveduriformes de importância médica e veterinária, enquanto o hipoclorito de sódio somente obteve esta ação em altas concentrações.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khilasa Pokharel ◽  
Bishwa Raj Dawadi ◽  
Chandra Prakash Bhatt ◽  
Satish Gupte
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Tracheal Aspirate ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen which causes most of the chronic infection in humans. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that is isolated from various clinical specimens along with its antibiotic susceptibility pattern.Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital (KMCTH) from February to May 2018. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various clinical specimens were processed in clinical laboratory, Department of Microbiology, KMCTH. Isolation, identification and sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics were measured.Results: A total of 7527 samples were been processed of which 46 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated mainly from Pus, Wound swab, Sputum and Tracheal aspirate. Here 63.04% Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were resistant to Ceftazidime, 65.21% to Cefixime, 56.52% to Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime followed by 56.52% to Piperacillin. Furthermore, the current study reveals antibiotics like Imipenem, Meropenem, Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Amikacin and Tobramycin were found to be good choice for the treatment of infection caused by this organism.Conclusions: Continuous monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is essential and rational treatment regimens prescription by the clinicians is required to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance.Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; clinical isolates; Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Tendência de resistência entre isolados clínicos de Staphylococcus aureus em um hospital universitário do norte do Paraná de 2002 a 2011

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1Supl) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Marcia Regina Eches Perugini ◽  
Vitor Hugo Perugini ◽  
Ana Rúbia Magalhães Ferreira ◽  
Caio Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Guilherme Teixeira Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute ◽  
Clinical Laboratory Standard

Staphylococcus aureus são patógenos com alta ocorrência em infecções hospitalares e comunitárias e têm grande capacidade de adquirir resistência. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos de S. aureus isolados no Hospital Universitário de Londrina de janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2011. A análise retrospectiva de 3.494 S. aureus foi realizada a partir de um banco de dados do setor de Microbiologia do Laboratório Clínico do Hospital Universitário de Londrina (HUL). Resistência aos antimicrobianos foi determinada de acordo com os critérios recomendados pelo Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI-2011). Os maiores percentuais de resistência foram verificados para eritromicina (49,4%), oxacilina, clindamicina (41,8%) e ciprofloxacina (36,5%). Adicionalmente, ocorreu redução significativa nas taxas de resistência à gentamicina, e a sulfametoxazol-trimetoprim. Todas as cepas analisadas foram sensíveis à linezolide. Verificou-se que 40% apresentaram susceptibilidade reduzida à vancomicina. Estes dados revelaram uma provável mudança na epidemiologia de S. aureus na nossa região, o que pode trazer impacto no tratamento e controle da infecção por este agente etiológico.

THE CLINICAL, LABORATORY MANIFESTATIONS AND HISTOPATHOLOGY IN NEPHROTIC PATIENTS WITH LUPUS NEPHRITIS

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Le Thuan Nguyen ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Tubulointerstitial Lesions

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple organ systems. The kidney appears to be the most commonly affected organ, especially nephrotic is a serious kidney injury. The clinical, laboratory manifestations and histopathology are very useful for diagnosis, provide the means of predicting prognosis and guiding therapy in nephrotic patients with lupus nephritis. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study of nephrotic patients with lupus treated in the Department of Nephrology Trung Vuong Hospital and Cho Ray Hospital between May/2014 and May/2017. Renal histopathological lesions were classified according to International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society - ISN/RPS ’s 2003. The clinical, laboratory manifestations and histopathological features were described. Results: Of 32 LN with nephritic range proteinuria cases studied, 93.7% were women. The 3 most common clinical manifestations were edema (93.8%), hypertension (96.8%) and pallor (68.9%), musculoskeletal manifestions (46.9%), malar rash (40.6%). There was significant rise in laboratory and immunological manifestions with hematuria (78.1%), Hb < 12g/dL (93.5%), increased Cholesterol (100%), and Triglycerid (87.5%), Creatinine > 1.4 mg/dL (87.5%), increased BUN 71.9%, ANA (+) 93.8%, Anti Ds DNA(+) 96.9%, low C3: 96.9%, low C4: 84.4%. The most various and severe features were noted in class IV with active tubulointerstitial lesions and high activity index. Conclusion: Lupus nephritis with nephrotic range proteinuria has the more severity of histopathological feature and the more severity of the more systemic organ involvements and laboratory disorders were noted. Key words: Systemic lupus, erythematosus (SLE) lupus nepphritis, clinical

scholarly journals Cardio-Pulmonary Sequelae in Recovered COVID-19 Patients: Considerations for Primary Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110237
Author(s):  
Zouina Sarfraz ◽  
Azza Sarfraz ◽  
Alanna Barrios ◽  
Radhika Garimella ◽  
Asimina Dominari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Care Physician ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infection Period

Background: Current literature lacks characterization of the post-recovery sequelae among COVID-19 patients. This review characterizes the course of clinical, laboratory, radiological findings during the primary infection period, and the complications post-recovery. Primary care findings are presented for long-COVID care. Methods: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, 4 databases were searched (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Scopus) through December 5, 2020, using the keywords “COVID-19 and/or recovered and/or cardiovascular and/or long-term and/or sequelae and/or sub-acute and/or complication.” We included published peer-reviewed case reports, case series, and cross-sectional studies providing the clinical course of COVID-19 infection, and cardiopulmonary complications of patients who recovered from COVID-19, while making healthcare considerations for primary care workers. Results: We identified 29 studies across 9 countries including 37.9% Chinese and 24.1% U.S. studies, comprising 655 patients (Mean Age = 45) with various ethnical backgrounds including Asian and European. Based on the WHO COVID-19 severity classification scale, initial disease severity was mild for 377 patients and severe for 52 patients. Treatments during primary infection included corticosteroids, oxygen support, and antivirals. The mean value (in days) for complication onset after acute recovery was 28 days. Complete blood counts and RT-PCR tests were the most common laboratory results described. In 22 of the studies, patients showed signs of clinical improvement and were prescribed medications such as anticoagulants or corticosteroids. Conclusion: Post-recovery infectious complications are common in long-COVID-19 patients ranging from mild infections to life-threatening conditions. International thoracic and cardiovascular societies need to develop guidelines for patients recovering from COVID-19 pneumonia, while focused patient care by the primary care physician is crucial to curb preventable adverse events. Recommendations for real-time and lab-quality diagnostic tests are warranted to establish point-of-care testing, detect early complications, and provide timely treatment.

scholarly journals The association between clinical laboratory data and chest CT findings explains disease severity in a large Italian cohort of COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Canovi ◽  
◽  
Giulia Besutti ◽  
Efrem Bonelli ◽  
Valentina Iotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Patient Prognosis

Abstract Background Laboratory data and computed tomography (CT) have been used during the COVID-19 pandemic, mainly to determine patient prognosis and guide clinical management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between CT findings and laboratory data in a cohort of COVID-19 patients. Methods This was an observational cross-sectional study including consecutive patients presenting to the Reggio Emilia (Italy) province emergency rooms for suspected COVID-19 for one month during the outbreak peak, who underwent chest CT scan and laboratory testing at presentation and resulted positive for SARS-CoV-2. Results Included were 866 patients. Total leukocytes, neutrophils, C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, AST, ALT and LDH increase with worsening parenchymal involvement; an increase in platelets was appreciable with the highest burden of lung involvement. A decrease in lymphocyte counts paralleled worsening parenchymal extension, along with reduced arterial oxygen partial pressure and saturation. After correcting for parenchymal extension, ground-glass opacities were associated with reduced platelets and increased procalcitonin, consolidation with increased CRP and reduced oxygen saturation. Conclusions Pulmonary lesions induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection were associated with raised inflammatory response, impaired gas exchange and end-organ damage. These data suggest that lung lesions probably exert a central role in COVID-19 pathogenesis and clinical presentation.

scholarly journals Correlation between lung infection severity and clinical laboratory indicators in patients with COVID-19: a cross-sectional study based on machine learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingrui Wang ◽  
Qinglin Che ◽  
Xiaoxiao Ji ◽  
Xinyi Meng ◽  
Lang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Lymphocyte ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Lung Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic that has raised worldwide concern. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the extent of lung infection and relevant clinical laboratory testing indicators in COVID-19 and to analyse its underlying mechanism. Methods Chest high-resolution computer tomography (CT) images and laboratory examination data of 31 patients with COVID-19 were extracted, and the lesion areas in CT images were quantitatively segmented and calculated using a deep learning (DL) system. A cross-sectional study method was carried out to explore the differences among the proportions of lung lobe infection and to correlate the percentage of infection (POI) of the whole lung in all patients with clinical laboratory examination values. Results No significant difference in the proportion of infection was noted among various lung lobes (P > 0.05). The POI of total lung was negatively correlated with the peripheral blood lymphocyte percentage (L%) (r = − 0.633, P < 0.001) and lymphocyte (LY) count (r = − 0.555, P = 0.001) but positively correlated with the neutrophil percentage (N%) (r = 0.565, P = 0.001). Otherwise, the POI was not significantly correlated with the peripheral blood white blood cell (WBC) count, monocyte percentage (M%) or haemoglobin (HGB) content. In some patients, as the infection progressed, the L% and LY count decreased progressively accompanied by a continuous increase in the N%. Conclusions Lung lesions in COVID-19 patients are significantly correlated with the peripheral blood lymphocyte and neutrophil levels, both of which could serve as prognostic indicators that provide warning implications, and contribute to clinical interventions in patients.

scholarly journals Repeated isolation of an antibiotic-dependent and temperature-sensitive mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a cystic fibrosis patient

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J Wolter ◽  
Alison Scott ◽  
Catherine R Armbruster ◽  
Dale Whittington ◽  
John S Edgar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Membrane Phospholipid ◽  
Growth Defect ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Abstract Background Bacteria adapt to survive and grow in different environments. Genetic mutations that promote bacterial survival under harsh conditions can also restrict growth. The causes and consequences of these adaptations have important implications for diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapy. Objectives We describe the isolation and characterization of an antibiotic-dependent, temperature-sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant chronically infecting the respiratory tract of a cystic fibrosis (CF) patient, underscoring the clinical challenges bacterial adaptations can present. Methods Respiratory samples collected from a CF patient during routine care were cultured for standard pathogens. P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from samples were analysed for in vitro growth characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility, clonality, and membrane phospholipid and lipid A composition. Genetic mutations were identified by whole genome sequencing. Results P. aeruginosa isolates collected over 5 years from respiratory samples of a CF patient frequently harboured a mutation in phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (psd), encoding an enzyme responsible for phospholipid synthesis. This mutant could only grow at 37°C when in the presence of supplemented magnesium, glycerol, or, surprisingly, the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole, which the source patient had repeatedly received. Of concern, this mutant was not detectable on standard selective medium at 37°C. This growth defect correlated with alterations in membrane phospholipid and lipid A content. Conclusions A P. aeruginosa mutant chronically infecting a CF patient exhibited dependence on sulphonamides and would likely evade detection using standard clinical laboratory methods. The diagnostic and therapeutic challenges presented by this mutant highlight the complex interplay between bacterial adaptation, antibiotics, and laboratory practices, during chronic bacterial infections.

A retrospective analysis of congenital anomalies in congenital hypothyroidism

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1147-1153
Author(s):  
Fatima Ali Mazahir ◽  
Manal Mustafa Khadora
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectivesWe evaluated the spectrum of diseases accompanying congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in the United Arab Emirates and compared them with internationally studied patterns.MethodsThe presented retrospective cross-sectional study took place in two government tertiary care centres. In total, 204 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CH and a minimum period of follow-up of 1 year were included. Patients with Down syndrome, infants born at <35 weeks of gestation, and babies with TORCH (Toxoplasma gondii, Other viruses [HIV, measles, etc.], Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes simplex) infections were subsequently excluded from the study.ResultsOf the subjects with CH, 39% had associated extrathyroidal anomalies (ETAs); among these, 25% had a single anomaly. A significant proportion of Arab males were affected by CH as compared to other ethnic groups. Dyshormonogenesis was the commonest aetiological cause (55%) of CH. Males with an ectopic lingual thyroid gland had significant ETAs as compared to females of the same cohort. The most common ETAs were congenital heart disease (16%), followed by urogenital tract anomalies (14%).ConclusionsDetection of a high rate and variability of ETAs associated with CH necessitates the formulation of a structured screening programme including appropriate clinical, laboratory, and imaging tools to detect ETAs at an earlier stage.

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