scholarly journals O direito à moradia sob a perspectiva dos direitos sociais: Os reflexos da inefetividade das políticas públicas habitacionais na atuação do poder judiciário

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandara Cordeiro de Oliveira Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
Social Law ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right

This dissertation intends to analyze the performance of the Judiciary in the implementation of public habitation policies, as an effective mechanism and also check them. It will be based on the process of judicialization of public policies as a reflection of this ineffectiveness, evaluating the legal order of the country with a focus on the Constitutional Law on Habitation, which must be protected by the State. Therefore, it will work on the idea of the Right to Habitation built as a Social Law and will start from the problem of the effectiveness of Social Rights, which consequently leads to the inoperability on public habitation policies. And the Judiciary contribution to remedy state omissions and failures in the face of the realization of Social Rights and the Right to Habitation. From the problematic of the effectiveness of public habitation policies and consequently the Right to Habitation, by constructing the conception of justice based on the material equality of John Rawls, will be raised the hypothesis of action of the Judiciary Power and the reflexes of this activity in the concretization of the policies, in view of the growing process of judicialization.

scholarly journals Conjuntura política brasileira e atuação da Terapia Ocupacional: impactos, retrocessos e desafios/Brazilian political situation and Occupational Therapy performance: impacts, setbacks and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-461
Author(s):  
Marília Meyer Bregalda ◽  
Iara Falleiros Braga ◽  
Beatriz Prado Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Economic

Frente à conjuntura política, econômica e social brasileira, caracterizada por ataques à democracia e pela retirada de direitos sociais, este texto busca analisar os pontos centrais dos atuais retrocessos das políticas públicas de saúde, educação, assistência social e direitos humanos, nas quais a Terapia Ocupacional, nos âmbitos da assistência, formação, gestão e formulação e implementação de políticas públicas, encontra-se diretamente implicada. Compreende-se que as proposições do atual governo para esses campos fragilizam e ameaçam a continuidade da existência de arranjos, estratégias e serviços territoriais, de base comunitária, nos quais o terapeuta ocupacional compõe equipes multiprofissionais. Além disto, causam profundos atravessamentos nos cotidianos dos sujeitos e coletivos e no exercício de sua cidadania, em especial no que diz respeito ao acesso a serviços básicos de saúde, educação e assistência social, bem como ao direito ao trabalho, à moradia, à previdência social e à cultura. Frente aos ataques e desmontes colocados, tornam-se imperativas a mobilização coletiva, a ampliação do debate público e a articulação com os movimentos de fortalecimento da cidadania e de controle social, em conjunto com os usuários dos serviços e demais trabalhadores e gestores dos campos de atuação da Terapia Ocupacional. AbstractFaced with the Brazilian political, economic and social environment, characterized by attacks on democracy and the withdrawal of social rights, this text seeks to analyze the central points of current setbacks of public policies of health, education, assistance social rights, in which Occupational Therapy, in the areas of assistance, training, management and formulation and implementation of public policies, is directly involved. It is understood that the current government's propositions for these fields weaken and threaten the continuity of the existence of territorial arrangements, strategies and services, of community basis, in which the occupational therapist composes multidisciplinary teams. In addition, they cause deep crosses in the daily lives of subjects and collectives and in the exercise of their citizenship, especially with regard to access to basic health, education and social assistance services, as well as the right to work, housing, social security and culture. In the face of the attacks and dismantling that have taken place, collective mobilization, the expansion of public debate and articulation with the movements to strengthen citizenship and social control, together with users of the services and others, become imperative workers and managers of the fields of occupational therapy.Keywords: Social Policies; Democracy; Occupational Therapy. ResumenFrente a la situación política, económica y social brasileña, caracterizada por los ataques a la democracia y la retirada de los derechos sociales, este texto pretende analizar los puntos centrales de los actuales retrocesos en las políticas públicas de salud, educación, asistencia social y derechos humanos, en las que la Terapia Ocupacional, en las áreas de asistencia, formación, gestión y formulación e implementación de políticas públicas, está directamente involucrada. Se entiende que las propuestas del gobierno actual para estos campos debilitan y amenazan la continuidad de la existencia de arreglos territoriales, estrategias y servicios basados en la comunidad, en los que el terapeuta ocupacional compone equipos multiprofesionales. Además, provocan cambios profundos en la vida cotidiana de las personas y los grupos y en el ejercicio de su ciudadanía, especialmente en lo que respecta al acceso a los servicios básicos de salud, educación y asistencia social, así como al derecho al trabajo, la vivienda, la seguridad social y la cultura. Frente a los ataques y desmantelamientos que se han producido, la movilización colectiva, la ampliación del debate público y la articulación con los movimientos para el fortalecimiento de la ciudadanía y el control social, junto con los usuarios de los servicios y otros trabajadores y gestores en el campo de la Terapia Ocupacional, se convierten en imperativos. Palabras clave: Políticas Sociales; Democracia; Terapia Ocupacional.

The Israeli Unfinished Constitutional Revolution: Has the Time Come for Protecting Economic and Social Rights?

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 299-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoram Rabin ◽  
Yuval Shany
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Hard Core ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Status ◽  
Interpretive Strategies ◽  
The Right

AbstractThis article addresses the constitutional discourse surrounding the status of economic and social rights in Israel. It examines the principal interpretive strategies adopted by the Supreme Court with regard to the 1992 basic laws (in particular, with respect to the right to human dignity) and criticizes the Court's reluctance to apply analogous strategies to incorporate economic and social rights into Israeli constitutional law. Potential explanations for this biased approach are also critically discussed. The ensuing outcome is a constitutional imbalance in Israeli law, which perpetuates the unjustified view that economic and social rights are inherently inferior to their civil and political counterparts, and puts in question Israel's compliance with its obligations under the International Covenant of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. At the same time, encouraging recent Supreme Court decisions, particularly the YATED and Marciano judgments, indicate growing acceptance on the part of the Court of the role of economic and social rights in Israeli constitutional law, and raise hopes for a belated judicial change of heart concerning the need to protect at least a ‘hard core’ of economic and social rights. Still, the article posits that the possibilities of promoting the constitutional status of economic and social rights through case-to-case litigation are limited and calls for the renewal of the legislation procedures of draft Basic Law: Social Rights in the Knesset.

scholarly journals Peran Notaris Dalam Penggunaan Akta SKMHT Yang Tidak Diikuti APHT Terhadap Debitor Wanprestasi Terkait Pemberian Fasilitas Kredit Pemilikan Rumah Subsidi (Studi Kasus di Bank Tabungan Negara Pekalongan)

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Rifki Yusuf ◽  
Maryanto Maryanto
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Physical Security ◽  
Power Of Attorney ◽  
Savings Bank ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Property

ABSTRAK Kabupaten Pekalongan merupakan lokasi yang memiliki potensi tinggi dalam penggunaan Surat Kuasa Membebankan Hak Tanggungan (SKMHT), hal ini disebabkan oleh gencarnya pembangunan oleh masyarakat yang membutuhkan dana besar yang antara lain berasal dari kredit yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan lembaga Hak Tanggungan yang selanjutnya menimbulkan berbagai masalah seperti apabila debitor wanprestasi. BTN selaku kreditor dalam pemberian KPR bersubsidi kepada debitor umumnya tidak menguasai benda yang menjadi jaminan kredit secara fisik, tetapi hanya memiliki hak kebendaan secara administratif. Pengikatan obyek jaminan yang berupa tanah, yaitu Hak Milik, Hak Guna Bangunan dan Hak Guna Usaha, prosesnya hanya sampai dengan Surat Kuasa Membebankan Hak Tanggungan (SKMHT) saja, dengan tidak dibebankan Hak Tanggungan atas obyek jaminan tersebut, maka BTN belum memiliki hak kebendaan atas jaminan tersebut secara faktual.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis peran notaris dalam hal debitor wanprestasi, penggunaan SKMHT yang tidak diikuti APHT dalam hal debitor wanprestasi terkait dengan pemberian fasilitas Kredit Pemilikan Rumah Subsidi pada Bank Tabungan Negara serta upaya pihak Bank Tabungan Negara dalam hal debitor wanprestasi terhadap pemberian fasilitas Kredit Pemilikan Rumah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis kualitatif, yaitu data yang diperoleh disusun secara sistematis kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif agar dapat diperoleh kejelasan masalah yang akan dibahas.Dalam penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa dalam menghadapi debitor wanprestasi Bank BTN mengambil langkah melakukan penjualan kembali dengan menggunakan kuasa menjual yang tercantum dalam akta “Pengakuan Hutang”, serta peningkatan SKMHT ke APHTkepada calon debitor, dan peran notaris yang hanya sebagai pembuat akta sehingga tidak turut serta jika terjadi wanprestasi.Kata kunci: Notaris, SKMHT, APHT, wanprestasi ABSTRACTPekalongan Regency is a location that has a high potential in the use of Power of Attorney Charging the Guarantee Right (SKMHT), this is caused by incessant development by people who need big fund which among others comes from the credit obtained by using the Mortgage Institution which further cause various problems such as if the debtor is defaulted. BTN as a creditor in the granting of subsidized KPR to the debtor generally does not control objects that become credit for physical security, but only have the right of property administratively. The binding of the object of collateral in the form of land, namely Right of Ownership, Building Rights and Cultivation Right, the process is only up to the Power of Attorney Charging the Guarantee Right (SKMHT) only, without the burden of the Guaranteed Fund on the object of the guarantee, BTN has no material right the guarantee is factual.The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the role of a notary in the case of debtor wanprestasi, the use of SKMHT not followed APHT in the case of debtor wanprestasi associated with the provision of Subsidized House Ownership Credit in the State Savings Bank and the efforts of the State Savings Bank in the case of debt defaulting to the grant Housing Loan facility. The method used in this study is the method of qualitative analysis, the data obtained is arranged systematically and then analyzed qualitatively in order to obtain clarity of issues to be discussed.In this study it is concluded that in the face of debtor wanprestasi Bank BTN take steps to resell by using the power of sale which stated in deed "Recognition of Debt", and increase SKMHT to APHT to debitor candidate, and notary role which only as deed maker so do not participate if there was a default.Keywords: notary, SKMHT, APHT, wanprestasi

scholarly journals CONSTITUTIONALISM AND JUDICIALIZATION OF POLITICS: THE “JUDICIAL” RIGHT TO HEALTHCARE IN BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 358-393
Author(s):  
Bruno Irion Coletto ◽  
Pedro Da Silva Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
The State ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
The Public ◽  
Critical Understanding ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

The right to healthcare in Brazil is seriously protected by the courts. Judicialization of everyday implementation of this public policy is a fact. One explanation may be provided by the way judges understand the effectiveness of this right. People hold subjective right to individualized healthcare benefits, and so they hold standing to sue the state in order to achieve it, regardless any consideration of public policies. Through an analysis of the jurisprudence on this issue, this paper aims to provide a critical understanding not just about what is actually happening in Brazilian courts regarding healthcare, but also to criticize it. The conclusion is that a “strong” conception of constitutionalism and fundamental rights may revel itself as “weak,” from the standpoint of general equality. Judicialization ends up empting the public debate, leading the task of solving the distribution of scarce resources to a “gowned aristocracy.” 

Grotius and the Origin of the Ruler's Right to Punish

Grotiana ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 396-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustaaf van Nifterik
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
John Locke ◽  
Thomas Hobbes ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Theory ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

AbstractAn important aspect of any constitutional theory is the state's power to punish transgressions of the law, or the ius gladii. Although Grotius never formulated a complete, comprehensive constitutional theory, traces of such a theory can be found in many of his writings not explicitly devoted to constitutional law. Punishment even plays an important role in his books on war (and peace), since to punish transgressions of the law is ranked among the just causes of war.Given the fact that a state may punish transgressions of the law – transgressions by individuals within and even outside the state, but also transgressions of the law by other states – the question may arise concerning the origin of such a right to punish. It will be shown that Grotius did not give the same answer to this question in his various works. As the right to punish is concerned, we find a theory that seems to be akin to the one of John Locke in the De iure praedae (around 1605), one akin to the theories of the Spanish late-scholastics in De satisfactione and De imperio (around 1615), and a theory coming close to what Thomas Hobbes had said on the ruler's right to punish in the De iure belli ac pacis (around 1625).Of course, Grotius can only have been familiar with the theory of the Spanish late-scholastics, since those of Locke and Hobbes were still to be written by the time Grotius had passed away.

Citizenship and Its Erosion: Transfer of Populated Territory and Oath of Allegiance in the Prism of Israeli Constitutional Law

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Saban
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
The Will ◽  
Right To Vote ◽  
The Right ◽  
Government Coalition

This article discusses two issues of majority-minority relations in deeply divided societies. The first is the legitimacy of the transfer of a homeland minority (or a part of it) — along with the territory it inhabits — to a neighboring kin-state against the will of the minority or most of its members. The second is the constitutional validity of legislation that renders citizenship or the right to vote contingent upon an oath of allegiance to the state or to its fundamental attributes. These two interrelated steps, advanced by a central partner in the current government coalition in Israel, are aimed at the Arab-Palestinian minority. This article’s main focus is the examination of Israeli constitutional law safeguards that may prevent the implementation of these initiatives, which I find to be very dangerous.

Çiçek v. Turkey

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
The Face ◽  
Effective Remedy ◽  
The Right

The State was responsible and had not provided any explanation of what occurred after persons were taken into detention and had not attempted to justify the lethal use of force, causing a violation of the right to life. State authorities are obligated to conduct some form of effective official investigation when individuals are killed as a result of the use of force. The uncertainty, doubt and apprehension which a mother of victims of grave human rights violations and herself the victim of the authorities' complacency in the face of her distress had suffered over a prolonged and continuing period of time had undoubtedly caused her severe mental distress and anguish. The authorities are required to take effective measures to safeguard against the risk of disappearance and to conduct a prompt effective investigation into an arguable claim that a person had been taken into custody and had not been seen since. Where the relatives of a person has an arguable claim that the latter had disappeared at the hands of the authorities, the notion of an effective remedy entailed, in addition to the payment of compensation where appropriate, a thorough and effective investigation capable of leading to the identification and punishment of those responsible.

scholarly journals The natural human right to security and security as a constitutional human right

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-233
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Potrzeszcz
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The State ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The Right

In this article it was formulated the thesis on the existence of a natural hu­man right to security, and subsequently the analyse of the issue of the relation­ship between the natural human right to security and security as a constitutional human right. The primary objective of the research was to answer the question whether the natural human right to security influences the existence of security as a human right, guaranteed by positive law, in particular in constitutional law. The above analysis of the provisions of the Polish Constitution proved that the right to security as a constitutional human right was not expressly stated in any of these provisions. Certainly, the formulation of an explicit constitutional human right to security raises concerns about the scope of the citizen’s ability to enforce this right from the state, e.g. by means of a constitutional complaint. Regardless of the difficulties raised, it is worth interpreting the constitution­al human right to security from all the regulations of the Polish Constitution as a function of fundamental rights. In justified individual cases of violations, the constitutional human right to security may be derived from art. 30 of the Pol­ish Constitution, which stipulates that the inherent and inalienable dignity of man is the source of his rights and freedoms.

scholarly journals Teorias de justiça social aplicadas a políticas públicas no Brasil para redução de desigualdades / Theories of social justice applied to public policies in Brazil to reduce inequalities

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Walber Matias Muniz ◽  
Fernanda Eduardo Olea do Rio Muniz
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Amartya Sen ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Grant Program ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
The Face ◽  
Political Decisions

Resumo: Este trabalho visa discutir sobre a aplicabilidade das concepções de justiça às políticas sociais no Brasil. Busca-se constatar qual concepção de justiça melhor se identifica com programas sociais do Governo Federal brasileiro, decorrentes da implantação de políticas públicas de combate à pobreza e de redução de desigualdades. Faz-se isso considerando a instituição do programa "Bolsa Família" frente as concepções de justiça formuladas por filósofos e economistas tais como: Platão, Aristóteles, Hobbes, Rousseau, Kant, Del Vecchio, Kelsen, John Rawls, Hayek e Amartya Sem, os quais compõem a base metodológica desta pesquisa bibliográfica. Conclui-se que, a concepção de justiça preconizada pelo economista Amartya Sen, ao defender decisões políticas capazes de ampliar a justiça social para minimizar injustiças intoleráveis, promover o desenvolvimento, movimentar a economia e respeitar os direitos humanos, melhor se identifica com o programa governamental "Bolsa Família". Abstract: This paper aims to discuss the applicability of conceptions of justice to social policies in Brazil. It seeks to verify which conception of justice is best identified with social programs of the Brazilian Federal Government, resulting from the implementation of public policies to combat poverty and reduce inequalities. This is done by considering the institution of the Family Grant program in the face of the conceptions of justice formulated by philosophers and economists such as Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes, Rousseau, Kant, Del Vecchio, Kelsen, John Rawls, Hayek and Amartya Sem. which make up the methodological basis of this bibliographic research. It is concluded that the conception of justice advocated by the economist Amartya Sen, when defending political decisions capable of extending social justice to minimize intolerable injustices, promote development, move the economy and respect human rights, is better identified with the governmental program "Bolsa Família".

scholarly journals On Constitutional Law Grounds of the State Policy in the PRC

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Sentong Lu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Legal System ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Communist Party Of China ◽  
Social Law ◽  
Democratic Centralism ◽  
Law Regulation

Purpose. Scientific justification of the idea on the acknowledgment of the role of priority basic constitutional principles as grounds for the constitutional law regulation of the state policy in the PRC. Methodology: dialectics, hermeneutics, synergetics, philosophical conceptology. Conclusions. Holding a discussion on the approaches of the modern comparative linguistics to the identification of the development principles of the Chinese legal system, the author suggests referring the Chinese legal system to the socialist one with national peculiarities, historical succession, Chinese traditions occupying an important place in the development of the socialist principle of democratic centralism of the Communist Party of China. The author notes that the key constitutional principles of organization of government in the PRC are established and developed using the elements of two legal families (far eastern, socialist) and taking into account the Chinese specifics of the ideological origination and development of the Communist Party of China based on the ideas of K. Marx, V. I. Lenin, Chinese leaders and other supporters of the democratic centralism principle. Based on the provisions of the first chapter of the Constitution of the PRC, the author singles out 32 categories of the key principles of the constitutional law formation of the Chinese state directly or indirectly forming the powers of government authorities, state policy fundamentals. Scientific and practical significance. The conclusions of the article are aimed at systematization of the key constitutional principles of organization of government in the PRC classified into: basic, economic, social, law enforcement, administrative-territorial and additional ones. The priority basic principles singled out by the author are designed to form the grounds for the constitutional law regulation of the state policy.

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