FACTORS INFLUENCING THE MORTALITY OF THE MALE POPULATION RESIDING IN THE ACTIVITY AREA OF COPER-NICKEL ENTERPRISE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.I. Tikhonova ◽  
◽  
M.S. Bryleva
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Circulatory Diseases

Abstract. Introduction. The city-forming enterprise are the main work-givers and the source of socio-economic well-being of monotowns. However, its activities may have a negative impact on the health of workers and citizens. The goal is a differentiated assessment of production activities of a copper-nickel enterprise and its socio-economic policy consequences on mortality of population in monotowns. Methods. Using mortality rates for 5-year age groups averaged for the period 2010-2017 was compared male population of Monchegorsk to Norilsk both are Arctic monotowns placed copper-nickel enterprises, and to Russia. To assess the consequences of copper-nickel enterprise production activities Monchegorsk male population was compared to Russia To assess the effect socio-economic development, Norilsk male population was compared to Monchegorsk. Results. In Monchegorsk working age mortality rate was compared to Russia for circulatory diseases 416.3 and 269.8 per 100,000; for MN 143.5 and 102.5. Also higher for post-working age for circulatory diseases 3962.4 and 3305.8; for MN 1283.8 and 1106.4. In Norilsk circulatory mortality were lower in all age groups compared to Monchegorsk and Russia (215.3 per 100,000 in working age and 2377.2 in post-working age); cancer mortality was lower for working age (74.3 per 100,000) and higher for post-working age (1185.3 per 100,000). Conclusions. Carcinogenic copper-nickel enterprise production activity is the cause of increased MN and circulatory mortality of the male population, which indicates the need to improve occupational and environmental conditions The socio-economic activity of city-forming enterprise in Norilsk, aimed at improving the standard of living and quality of medical care, had reduce the circulatory mortality throughout life and cancer mortality in working age. In older ages, the death risk for MN kept high, suggestive of the priority of measures reducing carcinogenic risk, and enhanced medical and social care for older age groups.

The role of production and non-production factors in the formation of male mortality (on the example of two Arctic single-industry towns)

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 738-741
Author(s):  
Maria S. Bryleva
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care

Introduction. One of the priority socio-economic and medical-demographic problems in Russia is the high mortality. The study aim is to identify the most significant factors that determine the mortality on the example of two single-industry towns. Materials and methods. Mortality in two single-industry towns specializing in copper-nickel production, differenced in climate, environmental, and socio-economic indicators, was studied using age-standardized indicators averaged over 8 years (2010-2017). Results. In Monchegorsk, compared to Russia, with similar non-production characteristics, working-age mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) was higher by 49.0%, from malignant neoplasms (MN) by 34.7%, from diseases of the digestive system by 35.5%, which confirms the negative impact of occupational factors on the mortality of the population of a single-industry city. In Norilsk city, with the worst characteristics of the environment and climate, compared to Monchegorsk, mortality from CVD was lower in working age by 40.6%, in post-working age by 41.4%; from MN - in working age lower by 37.2% that shows the compensating influence of socio-economic factors on mortality. Conclusion. Risk factors for increased mortality rates in single-industry towns with copper-nickel enterprises are the influence of harmful occupational factors, as well as environmental pollution. Along with primary prevention, an effective mechanism for reducing mortality is to improve socio-economic well-being, and the quality of medical care.

scholarly journals LITERATE LIFE EXPECTANCY AND ITS GENDER DIFFERENTIALS IN OMAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
M. Mazharul Islam ◽  
Md. Hasinur Rahaman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Gender Differentials

Measuring human quality and well-being by the human development index (HDI) is very challenging as it is a composite index of many socio-economic variables. However, a simple index called literate life expectancy (LLE) by combining life expectancy and literacy only can be used as an alternative measure, which is less data intensive than HDI. LLE is the average life expectancy that a person lives under literate state. Length of life in literate state has many positive implications on social, economic and political aspects of life. In this paper an attempt has been made to construct LLE for Omani population with its gender differentials. The data for the study were extracted from the 2015 Statistical Year Book and the 2010 Population and Census report of Oman published by the National Centre for Statistics & Information. Despite socioeconomic progress, levels of education among women in Oman are not the same as men. The analysis shows the remarkable differences in the LLE between men and women for almost all age groups. The Omani female population is much lag behind in literate life expectancy than the Omani male population. The results underscore the need to take necessary steps for reducing gender gap in LLE in Oman.  

scholarly journals Psychological and spiritual well-being aspects of the quality of life in colostomy patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-617
Author(s):  
Gordana Repic ◽  
Suncica Ivanovic ◽  
Cedomirka Stanojevic ◽  
Sanja Trgovcevic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
The Mean

Background/Aim. Colorectal cancer and its treatment can have a negative impact on the quality of life which has become an important outcome measure for cancer patients. The aim of this work was assessment of psychological and spiritual dimension of the quality of life in colostomy patients, regarding the gender and age. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study conducted at the Abdominal Surgery Polyclinic in the Clinical Canter of Vojvodina among colostomy patients operated between January 2010 and June 2011. The instrument used in this study was Quality of Life Questionnaire for a Patient with an Ostomy (QOL-O). Results. Majority of respondents were male (M:F = 50.7% : 49.3%). The age ranged between 36?86 years. Respondents did not report difficulties in adjustment to stoma, but their great difficulty was to look at it and the sense of depression and anxiety. The care of stoma was worse perceived by younger respondents (p = 0.014). Respondents were mostly satisfied with their memorizing ability and having the sense of control. The lowest score was found in sensing satisfaction or enjoyment in life. The age had a significant impact on positive aspects of psychological well-being (p < 0.05). Higher scores were found among younger age groups. The mean score of spiritual well-being (6.47 ? 3.01) was lower than the mean score of psychological well-being (7.76 ? 2.35). There were no statistically significant differences regarding gender (t = -0.738, df = 65, p = 0.463) or age (F = 1.307, p = 0.280). Conclusion. Psychological and spiritual well-being in colostomy patients appeared to be at satisfactory level, but it is necessary to provide tailor made support in order to prevent and resolve negative responses to stoma.

scholarly journals SOME ASPECTS OF DEPENDENCE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL CONDITION PATIENTS AGAINST MANY TYPES OF MALOCCLUSION AND CONDITIONS INDIVIDUAL TEETH

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-332
Author(s):  
N. E Mitin ◽  
V. E Tikhonov ◽  
Maksim Igorevich Grishin
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual

The aesthetic problems associated with defects in appearance and wearing orthodontic appliances in the malocclusion, the negative impact on the psyche of the patient in all age groups. Malocclusion disturb the aesthetic appearance of the patient, causing functional disorders and pathological changes. The problem ofprevention and treatment ofdentoalveolar anomalies has not only medical, but also a social value. Many patients understand the needfor timely treatment to the dentist. Beautiful and straight teeth have become part of modern life, his well-being, health and social status. Any abnormalities always affect the psyche. Patients with dental system pathology suffer from changes in appearance, violations of phonetics, chewing function and this formed the difficulties in communication. Mental and emotional state plays an important role in human life, which affects the predictions of success and the development of treatments. Do not unimportant role in the treatment plays a dentist, his mood affects the man, and he has concluded on the basis of suggestion or self-hypnosis. The mood doctor can specifically change the whole picture of the disease, and set up a patient in a positive way. Therefore, the physician should become familiar with the individual characteristics of the patient and adjust it to the correct understanding of the disease that would yield results.

scholarly journals Introducing Park Facilities and Novelties to Support Individual’s Intention to (Re)Visit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Opačak
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
City Development ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Park Transformation ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization

Many developed countries have recognized the importance of public parks in sustainable development of cities as they help minimizing the negative impact of urbanization. Developing countries, on the other hand, are facing problems such as lack of public awareness and inadequate facilities for sports and social activities to attract visitors to public parks, which positively affect the social and psychological human well-being. Parks are venues that enable people of all age groups to engage in different activities with family and friends and connect with nature. While planning a city development, policy makers should consider new findings in the area of brownfield regeneration, to use the existing land more efficiently and ensure public acceptance of the proposed projects. This chapter contains five sections. Section 1 gives an introduction to land use challenges faced by policy makers, brownfield sites, and stimulus that motivate people to use public parks. In Section 2, the importance of urban parks to human health and key elements to achieve urban sustainability are presented. Section 3 introduces novelty among park facilities. Section 4 gives an example of a landfill-to-park transformation. Section 5 summarizes policy suggestions for decision makers to increase their focus on the importance of parks.

scholarly journals Clinical and treatment aspects in chronic hypertrophic rhinitis in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Emilia Gheorghian ◽  
◽  
Mihail Maniuc ◽  
Polina Ababii ◽  
Lucian Danilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Laser Coagulation ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Chronic Hypertrophic Rhinitis

Background: Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis is a common problem in childhood and adolescence and has a negative impact on both physical, social and psychological well-being. Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis in the prevalence of children is 20-55%, and in the last 5 years this index is increasing. Material and methods: The study included 65 patients, aged 5 to 18 years, being hospitalized in the ENT department of the Emilian Cotaga Clinic of the Institute of Mother and Child, Chisinau, diagnosed with rhinitis complicated chronic hypertrophic over the years January 2018 – December 2020. The study was conducted by retrospective analysis of complicated data from clinical observation sheets and documents accompanying the data. Treatment methods studied: laser coagulation, electrocoagulation, radiofrequency, mucotomy. In most cases, lasercoagulation was chosen. Results: Nasal permeability in children with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis is altered in most cases. The most frequently affected age groups were 10-14 years with a rate of 61.53%, the majority being from urban living environment in 63.08%. The most representative clinical signs and symptoms according to this study are difficult nasal breathing in 96.93% and mouth breathing – 89.24%. From the indicated surgical methods, laser coagulation of the nasal cornets was performed in 47.7% of cases. It proved to be more effective and less invasive compared to electrocoagulation performed in 44.6% of cases and partial mucotomy in 4.62%. Conclusions: From the data obtained in the study, we opted for laser coagulation of the lower nasal horns, which has a faster healing period, shorter postoperative complications, greater acceptability from the doctor and patient.

scholarly journals Evolução Temporal da Mortalidade por Cancro do Colo do Útero em Portugal

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Teixeira ◽  
Ana Maria Pereira ◽  
Eugénia Anes ◽  
Carina Rodrigues ◽  
Maria José Castanheira
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Cervical Cancer Mortality

Introduction: The mortality rate due to cervical cancer is higher in Portugal compared to other European countries. This study aimed to evaluate the time-trends in cervical cancer mortality rates observed in Portugal over the last six decades.Material and Methods: Age-standardized cervical cancer mortality rates reported in Portugal between 1955 and 2014, were collected from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify significant changes in mortality rates by assessing the percentage of annual variation (%AV) of the rate and respective 95% confidence interval (95%CI) according to the age groups.Results: Among women with 30–39 years, cervical cancer mortality decreased 1.9% per year (95%CI: –2.3; –1.4) throughout the time-period, reaching 0.5/100 000 in 2014. Among women aged 40–49 years, CC mortality decreased between 1971 and 1981 (%AV = –11.6; IC 95%: –14.6; –8.6). Rates then increased by 2.4% per year (95%CI: 1.0; 3.8) until 2001 and such trend reverted from 2001 onwards (%AV = –5.2; IC 95%: –7.7; –2.6), reaching 3.0/100 000 in 2014. In women aged 50–64, 65–74 and 75 years or older, cervical cancer mortality rates decreased from 29.2 to 6.7/100 000, from 34.3 to 7.7/100 000 and from 24.7 to 9.2/100 000. The decline in mortality rates in these three age groups occurred mainly between 1970 and 1980, and there have been no significant changes in the last three decades.Discussion: In Portugal, the most impressive decline in cervical cancer mortality rates occurred in the 1970s concurrently with changes in the National Healthcare System. The most important changes were the increased access to early diagnosis and the improvement in therapeutic approaches. The plateau that we observed among older women over the last three decades can be partially explained by factors with negative impact on adherence to cervical screening.Conclusion: There was a marked decrease in mortality due to CC among all age groups. However, we observed a plateau of this indicator in more advanced age groups over the last three decades. These findings suggest the need of promoting adherence to cervical screening in Portugal.

Retailers targeting children with set collection promotions: the child’s perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maree Thyne ◽  
Kirsten Robertson ◽  
Leah Watkins ◽  
Olly Casey
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Currency ◽  
Qualitative Focus Groups

Purpose Children are familiar with retail outlets (especially supermarkets) and the reality of shopping from an increasingly early age. In turn, retailers are actively engaging this young market, targeting them through various promotional strategies. One popular strategy adopted by grocery retailers is giveaway collectible set items. The purpose of this paper is to question the ethicality of such campaigns, within the framework of vulnerable consumers by examining children’s opinions of the campaigns and the supermarkets who run them, and the drivers of children’s involvement in the campaigns. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative focus groups were employed with 67 children aged five to ten years. Focus groups were made up of children in similar age groups to cluster responses by age and allow for comparisons. Thematic analysis was undertaken and responses were coded into themes. Findings Children were initially driven to collect through promotional advertising or because a third party offered them a collectible. The drivers for subsequent collecting differed between age groups, with younger children more focussed on themes around play and older children (seven and above) collecting through habit, because it was a craze amongst their peers and therefore the collections became items of social currency. Children’s perceptions of the supermarkets motivations also differed by age. Younger children thought supermarkets gave the collectibles away as “gifts” for altruistic reasons. The older children articulated a clear understanding of the economic motives of the organisation including: to attract children to their stores, to encourage pester power and to increase revenue by encouraging customers to buy more. The older children questioned the ethics of the collectible campaigns, referring to them as scams. Research limitations/implications The findings extend the important discussion on the nature of children’s vulnerability to advertising by showing that the children’s vulnerability stretches beyond their ability to understand advertising intent. Despite older children in the present study being cognisant of retailers’ intentions they were still vulnerable to the scheme; the embeddedness of the scheme in the social lives of the children meant they lacked agency to opt out of it. Further, the finding that the scheme transcended boundaries in the children’s lives, for instance, being associated with social currency at school, highlights the potential negative impact such schemes can have on the well-being of children. Originality/value Until now, research has investigated the motivations that children have to collect, but previous studies have focussed on collections which have been determined by the children. This paper presents the opinions and perceptions of the children who are directly targeted by commercial organisations to collect and raises concerns around the ethicality of such schemes.

scholarly journals Rural Youth in the Arctic Regions of Yakutia in 1970–1980: Quantitative Analysis by Age and Gender

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Pyotr Mikhaylovich Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
And Gender

This study presents an analysis of the number and age and gender composition of the young genera-tion of rural settlements in the Arctic regions of Ya-kutia in 1970–1980 based on the analysis of statisti-cal sources. One of the main trends in the demo-graphic processes development in the 1970s among rural youth in the Arctic is an increase in its total number. In our opinion, improving the quality of life, working and resting conditions, establishing a so-cio-economic balance between town and country, increasing the well-being of the rural population of the Arctic, as well as the development of industrial production led to an improvement in demographic processes in the 1970s. However, an analysis of the data shows that by the end of the 1980s, stagnation and decline in the total number of rural youth in all age groups began, and the age structure of rural youth changed. In addition, among rural youth in 1989, the gender disproportion in favor of men be-gan to manifest itself more clearly. The shift in the sex balance could have a negative impact on the natural reproduction of the Arctic population.

scholarly journals Mortality and Alcohol as Its Cause—Comparative Characteristics of the Two Neighboring Countries: Ukraine and Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10810
Author(s):  
Oleh Lyubinets ◽  
Marta Kachmarska ◽  
Katarzyna Maria Sygit ◽  
Elżbieta Cipora ◽  
Jaroslaw Grshybowskyj
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Working Age ◽  
International Statistical Classification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Population Mortality

This paper presents a comparative assessment of mortality in Poland and Ukraine, including due to alcohol consumption, by sex, place of residence, and age groups. Mortality from alcohol consumption is and remains one of the health problems of the state’s population. The aim of this study was to establish the difference in mortality, including due to alcohol consumption, in the two neighboring countries. The analysis was conducted in 2008 and 2018 according to statistical institutions in Poland and Ukraine. Data from the codes of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases of the 10th edition: F10, G31.2, G62.1, I42.6, K70, K86.0, and X45 were used to calculate mortality due to alcohol consumption. The share of mortality caused by alcohol consumption in Ukraine in 2008 was 3.52%, and 1.83% in 2018. At the same time, in Poland, there is an increase in this cause of death from 1.72% to 2.36%. Mortality caused by alcohol consumption is the main share of mortality in the section “Mental and behavioral disorders” in both Ukraine, at 73–74%, and Poland, at 82–92%. Changes in the mortality rate in the cities and villages of Ukraine and Poland showed different trends: Poland nated, a significant increase in mortality, while in Ukraine it has halved on average. Overall and alcohol mortality rates in both countries were higher among the male population. The analysis of mortality among people of working age showed that the highest proportion of deaths from alcohol consumption in both countries was among people aged 25–44. Despite the geographical proximity, and similarity of natural and climatic characteristics and population, mortality rates in each country reflect the difference in the medical and demographic situation, and the effectiveness of state social approaches to public health.

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