scholarly journals Quantifying Streamflow Depletion from Groundwater Pumping: A Practical Review of Past and Emerging Approaches for Water Management

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Zipper ◽  
William Farmer ◽  
Andrea Brookfield ◽  
Hoori Ajami ◽  
Howard Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Conjunctive Management ◽  
High Data ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Inference Techniques ◽  
Streamflow Depletion

Groundwater pumping can cause reductions in streamflow (‘streamflow depletion’) that must be quantified for conjunctive management of groundwater and surface water resources. However, streamflow depletion cannot be measured directly and is challenging to estimate because pumping impacts are masked by streamflow variability due to other factors. Here, we conduct a management-focused review of analytical, numerical, and statistical models for estimating streamflow depletion and highlight promising emerging approaches. Analytical models are easy to implement, but include many assumptions about the stream and aquifer. Numerical models are widely used for streamflow depletion assessment and can represent many processes affecting streamflow, but have high data, expertise, and computational needs. Statistical approaches are a historically underutilized tool due to difficulty in attributing causality, but emerging causal inference techniques merit future research and development. We propose that streamflow depletion-related management questions can be divided into three broad categories (attribution, impacts, and mitigation) that influence which methodology is most appropriate. We then develop decision criteria for method selection based on suitability for local conditions and the management goal, actionability with current or obtainable data and resources, transparency with respect to process and uncertainties, and reproducibility.

scholarly journals Too many streams and not enough time or money? New analytical depletion functions for rapid and accurate streamflow depletion estimates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Tom Gleeson ◽  
Samuel C Zipper ◽  
Ben Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Simplifying Assumptions ◽  
Potential Groundwater ◽  
Streamflow Depletion

Groundwater pumping can cause streamflow depletion by reducing groundwater discharge to streams and/or inducing surface water infiltration. Analytical and numerical models are two standard methods to predict streamflow depletion. Numerical models require extensive data and efforts to develop robust estimates, while analytical models are easy to implement with low data and experience requirements but are limited by numerous simplifying assumptions. We have pioneered a new approach that balances the shortcomings of analytical and numerical models: analytical depletion functions, which include more empirical functions expanding the applicability of analytical models for real-world settings with complex hydrogeologic landscapes and stream networks. Specifically, analytical depletion functions combine analytical models with stream proximity criteria used to determine which stream segments are most likely to be affected by a pumping well and a depletion apportionment equation which is a geometric method to distribute depletion among the affected stream segments. The accuracy of analytical depletion functions has been tested by comparing against a variety of numerical models from simplified, archetypal models to sophisticated, calibrated models in both steady-state to transient conditions. Estimates of streamflow depletion from analytical depletion function generally agree with estimates from numerical models, suggesting analytical depletion functions are an accurate tool for the streamflow depletion assessment over diverse hydrogeological landscapes and scales. Analytical depletion functions are rapidly and easily implemented and have low data requirements like analytical models but have significant advantages of better agreement with numerical models and better representation of complex stream geometries. Relative to numerical models, analytical depletion functions have limited ability to explore non-pumping related impacts and incorporate subsurface heterogeneity. Analytical depletion functions can be used as a stand-alone tool or part of decision-support tools as preliminary screening of potential groundwater pumping impacts when issuing new and existing water licenses while ensuring streamflow meets environmental flow needs.

Streamflow Depletion

High and Dry ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Alley ◽  
Rosemarie Alley
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Conjunctive Management ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
South Platte River ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Platte River Basin ◽  
South Platte River Basin ◽  
Streamflow Depletion

Much of the book’s discussion thus far has focused on groundwater depletion. However, as wells continue to pump, the source of water increasingly comes from surface water. This chapter examines how depletion of even a small part of groundwater storage can have large impacts on surface-water resources. Yet despite this critical connection, different laws govern surface water and groundwater. Solving this complex water resource relationship also involves accounting for the delayed effects of pumping on surface-water resources. The ongoing challenges for conjunctive management are illustrated by the South Platte River basin of Colorado, as well as the Arkansas and Republican Rivers.

scholarly journals Knowledge Gaps in Understanding the Etiology of Anemia in Indonesian Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S39-S58
Author(s):  
Kesso Gabrielle van Zutphen ◽  
Klaus Kraemer ◽  
Alida Melse-Boonstra
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Folic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Infection And Inflammation

Background: Anemia is a public health problem among adolescents in Indonesia. Strategies to prevent or treat anemia should be tailored to local conditions, taking into account its specific etiology and prevalence in a given setting and population group. Objective: This review aims to (1) identify and synthesize the current knowledge on the etiology of anemia among adolescents in Indonesia, (2) reveal knowledge gaps in this area, and (3) suggest directions for future research and programmatic work. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, and WorldCat databases for peer-reviewed journal articles to identify which etiological factors were related to anemia among Indonesian adolescents. Research papers were reviewed and included in the review according to inclusion criteria. Results: Of 13 studies, 8 showed that anemia was associated with iron deficiency; 4 are suggestive of vitamin A deficiency; and 2 of folic acid deficiency. Five studies underscore different etiological determinants for anemia, such as malaria, protein and energy malnutrition, vitamin B2 deficiency, calcium, and vitamin C deficiency. Based on these findings, we developed a framework on knowledge gaps on the etiology of anemia among adolescents in Indonesia, divided in 3 levels of knowledge: (1) significant knowledge gaps, (2) knowledge gaps, and (3) established knowledge. Conclusions: The knowledge gaps around the etiology of anemia among Indonesian adolescents are significant. Our framework emphasizes the need for further research across all etiological factors, namely inadequate nutritional intake and absorption, genetic hemoglobin disorders, infection and inflammation, and menstrual disorders.

scholarly journals Gaining a better understanding of the extrusion process in fused filament fabrication 3D printing: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahaa Shaqour ◽  
Mohammad Abuabiah ◽  
Salameh Abdel-Fattah ◽  
Adel Juaidi ◽  
Ramez Abdallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Relevant Work ◽  
3D Printing Technique ◽  
Required Quality

AbstractAdditive manufacturing is a promising tool that has proved its value in various applications. Among its technologies, the fused filament fabrication 3D printing technique stands out with its potential to serve a wide variety of applications, ranging from simple educational purposes to industrial and medical applications. However, as many materials and composites can be utilized for this technique, the processability of these materials can be a limiting factor for producing products with the required quality and properties. Over the past few years, many researchers have attempted to better understand the melt extrusion process during 3D printing. Moreover, other research groups have focused on optimizing the process by adjusting the process parameters. These attempts were conducted using different methods, including proposing analytical models, establishing numerical models, or experimental techniques. This review highlights the most relevant work from recent years on fused filament fabrication 3D printing and discusses the future perspectives of this 3D printing technology.

scholarly journals Opportunistic Large Array Propagation Models: A Comprehensive Survey

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4206
Author(s):  
Farhan Nawaz ◽  
Hemant Kumar ◽  
Syed Ali Hassan ◽  
Haejoon Jung
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cooperative Transmission ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Large Array ◽  
Propagation Models ◽  
Comprehensive Survey

Enabled by the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond 5G communications, large-scale deployments of Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks are expected in various application fields to handle massive machine-type communication (mMTC) services. Device-to-device (D2D) communications can be an effective solution in massive IoT networks to overcome the inherent hardware limitations of small devices. In such D2D scenarios, given that a receiver can benefit from the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) advantage through diversity and array gains, cooperative transmission (CT) can be employed, so that multiple IoT nodes can create a virtual antenna array. In particular, Opportunistic Large Array (OLA), which is one type of CT technique, is known to provide fast, energy-efficient, and reliable broadcasting and unicasting without prior coordination, which can be exploited in future mMTC applications. However, OLA-based protocol design and operation are subject to network models to characterize the propagation behavior and evaluate the performance. Further, it has been shown through some experimental studies that the most widely-used model in prior studies on OLA is not accurate for networks with networks with low node density. Therefore, stochastic models using quasi-stationary Markov chain are introduced, which are more complex but more exact to estimate the key performance metrics of the OLA transmissions in practice. Considering the fact that such propagation models should be selected carefully depending on system parameters such as network topology and channel environments, we provide a comprehensive survey on the analytical models and framework of the OLA propagation in the literature, which is not available in the existing survey papers on OLA protocols. In addition, we introduce energy-efficient OLA techniques, which are of paramount importance in energy-limited IoT networks. Furthermore, we discuss future research directions to combine OLA with emerging technologies.

Impacts of Coal Mining on Groundwater Environment in Northwestern Coal Mine Area

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 823-829
Author(s):  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
Mine Area ◽  
Groundwater Environment ◽  
Groundwater Flow Field

By conducting field investigation and tests, such as groundwater pumping test and rock mechanics test, and building numerical models to simulate damage of coal mining to aquifers, it was proved that coal mining in some coal mine area caused impacts to groundwater environment, including impact on water cycle, the structure of aquifers, and groundwater flow field, as a result of which some water supply sources in coal mine area become unavailable. In addition, a couple of solutions are presented to mitigate the impacts.

Suitable Conditions for Effective Inter Chip Communication based on Surface Wave Phenomenon

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahaveer Penna ◽  
Shiva Shankar ◽  
Keshava Murthy ◽  
Jijesh J J
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wave ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
High Data ◽  
Low Dispersion

Background: The communication between two Integrated Circuits (IC) of the Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) currently happening through copper traces which allow electric charge to flow. Several limitations being encountered with the copper traces during high data rate communication because of the resistivity factors, which eventually leads to the damage of traces and the system. Methods: The solution for this issue comes with the design of surface wave communication-based waveguide/channel between the IC’s. Surface wave communication over a specified communication fabric/channel performs the propagation of electromagnetic waves effectively even at high frequencies compared to the copper traces using conductor-dielectric combination. This paper deals in revealing suitable conditions through profound analytical models for achieving effective surface wave communication between the pins of integrated circuits. Results: The analysis includes defining the possible wave propagation terms, suitable channel design aspects for PCB application and corresponding analysis for effective communication at frequencies from 50GHz to 500GHz of millimeter range. This study provides the roadmap to explore a deterministic channel/fabric for pin to pin communication between the IC’s as an alternate for the copper traces. Conclusion: In this process, the proposed channel achieves low dispersion compared to the copper traces at millimeter frequency range.

Modelling of interactions between dykes, inclined sheets and faults at Santorini volcano

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriaki Drymoni ◽  
John Browning ◽  
Agust Gudmundsson
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
Sheet Thickness ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Energy Conditions ◽  
Dyke Swarm ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Santorini Volcano

<p>Dykes and inclined sheets are known occasionally to exploit faults as parts of their paths, but the conditions that allow this to happen are still not fully understood. Here we report field observations from a well-exposed dyke swarm of the Santorini volcano, Greece, that show dykes and inclined sheets deflected into faults and the results of analytical and numerical models to explain the conditions for deflection. The deflected dykes and sheets belong to a local swarm of 91 dyke/sheet segments that was emplaced in a highly heterogeneous and anisotropic host rock and partially cut by some regional faults and a series of historic caldera collapses, the caldera walls providing, excellent exposures of the structures. The numerical models focus on a normal-fault dipping 65° with a damage zone composed of parallel layers or zones of progressively more compliant rocks with increasing distance from the fault rupture plane. We model sheet-intrusions dipping from 0˚ to 90˚ and with overpressures of alternatively 1 MPa and 5 MPa, approaching the fault. We further tested the effects of changing (1) the sheet thickness, (2) the fault-zone thickness, (3) the fault-zone dip-dimension (height), and (4) the loading by, alternatively, regional extension and compression. We find that the stiffness of the fault core, where a compliant core characterises recently active fault zones, has pronounced effects on the orientation and magnitudes of the local stresses and, thereby, on the likelihood of dyke/sheet deflection into the fault zone. Similarly, the analytical models, focusing on the fault-zone tensile strength and energy conditions for dyke/sheet deflection, indicate that dykes/sheets are most likely to be deflected into and use steeply dipping recently active (zero tensile-strength) normal faults as parts of their paths.</p>

Hospital information systems in developing countries: a state-of-the-art systematic review

Kybernetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Lei ◽  
Jianming Liu ◽  
Wu Li
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information System ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government

Purpose Hospital information system (HIS) can be examined as a vital factor for developing the quality of health care and cost managing. There exists abundant literature on HISs, but implementation-based literature of HIS is rare, typically about progressive countries. However, a study that can comprehensively review published articles is scarce. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the systematic and comprehensive study of HIS in developed countries. Together, the benefits and harms relevant to HIS’s different mechanisms have been considered, and the fundamental challenges of them are addressed to design more efficient HIS in the future. Design/methodology/approach HIS has been used globally for numerous years and is now being used in a wide area. HIS is broadly used in clinical settings. Information technology (IT) and information system have been suggested as a required piece to solve the health-care-related issues. Hence, to improve HIS’s ability, this paper conducted a review method concentratating on research related to HIS until 2019. A total of 21 papers were recognized and examined as principal research for the summary. Findings The authors found that HIS can help in reduction of medical mistakes, enhancement doctors’ performance and increase in the quality of the care provided. HIS management can be used to provide better health-care services. Therefore, HIS must be sensible and use clear structures. The authors conclude that, generally, with an increase in awareness, acceptability and the need for HIS worldwide, there will be more strategies and approaches available. Research limitations/implications First, this paper provides an outline of the status of HIS. Second, it identifies some distinct research gaps that could be worth studying. Some flawless work may be removed because of applying some filters to select the original articles. Surveying all the papers on the topic of HIS is impossible, too. Practical implications Design and sustainability of HIS is still a big issue for most developing countries, despite its wide usage in the developed countries. The technology is changing rapidly, so the field should be reviewed regularly. This paper suggests a suitable framework that will guide HIS in the local conditions of developing countries. Social implications The government will be assisted by the suggested solving ways in its performance and design of electronic health-care projects. Originality/value The study brings the viewpoints on the state of HIS mechanisms in developing countries. The paper’s results can offer visions into future research requirements. By providing comparative information and analyzing the current growths in this area, this study will support researchers and professionals to understand the progress in HIS mechanisms better.

scholarly journals Modelling the high temperature oxidation of titanium alloys: review of analytical models and development of a new numerical tool PyTiOx

2020 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 06012
Author(s):  
C. Ciszak ◽  
D. Monceau ◽  
C. Desgranges
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
State Diffusion ◽  
First Results ◽  
Aeronautical Industry ◽  
Numerical Tool

In order to limit the ecological impact of air traffic and its operating costs, the aeronautical industry is looking for improving engines efficiencies and substitutes to high density Ni-based superalloys. Thus, a wider use of Ti-alloys operating at higher temperatures is one of the developed solutions. Being able to predict as accurately as possible the oxidation behavior of Ti-based components at high temperatures appears therefore crucial to improve their sizing and durability. Analytical models based on the solid-state diffusion laws can be found in the litterature. They are fairly accurate in most cases, but they reveal some intrinsic limitations in specific cases such as temperature transients or thin components. Numerical models were later developed to break down these limitations. First results from a new numerical tool called “PyTiOx” (still under development are presented here. They confirm the intrinsic limitations of analytical models. In the case of thin samples, the numerical model predicts an increase of scaling kinetic when metal becomes O-saturated, whereas analytical models do not.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document