scholarly journals Dirty Practices for Clean Energy: Indigenous Communities Gain no Benefits and Suffer Decades of Harms from the Salvajina Dam in Cauca, Colombia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sital Kalantry
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The People ◽  
One Stop ◽  
Infrastructure Project ◽  
The Government

The Indigenous Community of Cerro Tijeras is part of the Nasa indigenous people located in Southwest Colombia. After years of resisting colonialism, the destruction of their land, and the erasure of their cultural practices, the Salvajina Dam has further jeopardized their way of life. The government ordered the Salvajina Dam to be built in the 1980s to control the Cauca River’s flow and improve agriculture. However, for the Cerro Tijeras indigenous community, whose land is in the surrounding area of the Salvajina Dam, its effects were detrimental. For decades, Cerro Tijeras has had to deal with the consequences of a major infrastructure project about which they were not consulted and provides virtually no positive effects for their community. The Salvajina Dam created a severe mobility issue for the ethnic groups surrounding it. The people of Cerro Tijeras, who once were able to use boats to cross the river year-round, are now at the mercy of the Salvajina Dam’s changing water levels. EPSA, the current majority owner of the Salvajina Dam, has provided only one stop for its boat (planchón) to reach the Cerro Tijeras indigenous community and its schedule is extremely limited. The restricted schedule of the planchones along with the removal of roads and bridges to cross the reservoir has made mobility in the region extremely difficult.

scholarly journals A SUSTAINABLE GROWTH OF CLEAN ENERGY IN INDIA: A TARGET 2022

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1069-1076
Author(s):  
Ashish Singhal, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
State Government ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Energy Aspects

The extenuation of non-conventional global energy demands and changing environments is one of the most important ingredients in recent days. A case is about the study of sun energy acquired as clean energy by the government of India (GOI). GOI announced the various schemes for solar energy (SE) in the last decades because of the tremendous growth of solar energy aspects for the non-conventional sources with the support of central and state government. This article covered the progress of solar energy in India with major achievements. In this review article, the authors are trying to show the targets of the government of India (GOI) by 2022 and his vintage battle to set up a plant of solar or clean energy in India. This paper also emphasizes the different policies of GOI to schooling the people for creating the jobs in different projects like “Make in India”. This paper projected the work of the dynamic Prime Minister of India Mr. Narendra Modi and his bravura performance to increase the targets 100 GW solar energy by 2022.

Guardians of the Forests: How Should an Indigenous Community in Eastern Bolivia Defend Their Land and Forests under Increasing Political and Economic Pressures?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yifan He ◽  
Juan Pablo Baldiviezo ◽  
Arun Agrawal ◽  
Vicente Candaguira ◽  
Ivette Perfecto
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Governance Capacity ◽  
The Government

Many indigenous communities across Latin America depend on forests for livelihood. In eastern Bolivia, indigenous communities face increasing challenges in forest management due to insecure land tenure, lack of capacity, and state policies that favor extractivism and export-oriented agriculture. This case study examines the dilemma of forest management in the Guarayos Indigenous Territory, with a particular focus on the influence of conflictive policies under Evo Morales administration. Using a combination of literature reviews, semi-structured interviews, and land use/land cover analysis, we investigated the drivers behind the challenges that the Guarayos indigenous community is facing in the forest and land governance and explore potential solutions. We found that deforestation within the Guarayos Indigenous Territory from 2000 to 2017 was primarily driven by agricultural commodity production. Despite its promises on protecting nature and the indigenous peoples, the government weakened the Guarayos indigenous people’s governance capacity through failure of forest law enforcement, prioritization of extractivism and export-oriented agriculture, and support for land titling of external entities. We presented these findings through a case narrative featuring the president of Guarayos indigenous government as the decision-maker. This case study provides an illustrative example of the challenges and management strategies in indigenous land and forest governance in the Latin American context. A Spanish version of this case study is available at https://www.learngala.com/cases/bolivia-forests-esp.

The Right to Self-Determination under the Ethiopian Constitution: A Legal Tool for Indigenous Peoples’ Protection against Land Alienation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-383
Author(s):  
Tilahun Weldie Hindeya
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
The People ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

AbstractSince 2008 the Ethiopian government has allocated vast tracts of land, particularly in the Gambella and Benishangul-Gumuz regions, to agricultural commercial actors with little or no participation from indigenous communities. The marginalization of indigenous peoples in this process primarily emerges from the government's very wide legislative discretionary power regarding decision-making in the exploitation of land. The government has invoked constitutional clauses relating to land ownership and its power to deploy land resources for the “common benefit” of the people, to assert the consistency of this discretionary power with the Ethiopian Constitution. This article posits that the legislative and practical measures taken by the government that marginalize these indigenous peoples in decisions affecting the utilization of land resources are incompatible with their constitutional right to self-determination. Further, it posits that the government's use of the constitution to justify its wide discretionary power in the decision-making process relating to land exploitation is based on a misreading of the constitution.

Do village leaders’ engagement, social interaction and financial incentive affect residents’ solar PV adoption? – an empirical study in rural China?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Shi ◽  
Liping Ding ◽  
Chenchen He ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Zumeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Government

Purpose This study aims to analyze those factors affecting the rural resident’s willingness to adopt solar photovoltaic (PV) which is important for accelerating the popularization of clean energy in China. Design/methodology/approach This study contained a sample of 653 households in 8 provinces/regions by stratified, and random sampling in rural China. Descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis techniques have been used for analytical purposes. Findings The empirical results indicate that financial incentive and social interaction have positive effects on rural residents’ adoption willingness, while village leaders’ engagement can indirectly influence their adoption willingness through social interaction and residents’ cognition. Research limitations/implications This study mainly considers external and internal factors but ignores the effect of technical factors. In addition, the samples are just selected from the residents who have adopted solar PV. Practical implications This study is expected to be useful for the government, regulators, village leaders, village leaders and other institutions. Originality/value This study conducts a systematic analysis and clarifies the relationship between factors (external and internal) and rural residents’ adoption willingness. The village leaders’ engagement is first added to the conceptual model as an external factor, which is very essential in rural residents’ adoption in China.

scholarly journals Movement of Indigenous Communities Targeting an Agro-Industrial Investment in North-Eastern Cambodia

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 187-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sokphea Young
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Regulatory Enforcement ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Government ◽  
Industrial Investment

This study examines the dynamics and outcomes of movements by indigenous communities that targeted an agro-industrial investment demanding remedy to adverse impacts on their socio-economic conditions. Since the employment of initial institutional tactics, such as peaceful protests and petitions, yielded no significant outcomes, the indigenous communities escalated their tactics to non-institutional tactics: Violent protests. To respond, the government chose a combination of partial repression and moderate concession. To address the government responses, as well as the demands of indigenous communities, the company mitigated most of the adverse socio-economic impacts. As a result, the indigenous communities were able to achieve most of their demands. This paper, therefore, concludes by arguing that tactical escalation of indigenous community movements from institutional to non-institutional tactics influences the government and company to address the demands of indigenous communities, and also shapes the behaviour of the company operating in a host country with lax and uncertain regulatory enforcement.

scholarly journals AN OVERVIEW OF THE LAND DEVELOPMENT ISSUES RELATED TO INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Kelvin Celesistinus ◽  
Siti Radiaton Adawiyah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Given that the way of life of indigenous peoples is usually associated with low living standards, the government has an important role to play in ensuring that the gap between indigenous and non-indigenous communities is narrowed. Unfortunately, as the program to improve the quality of life of indigenous communities has been widely implemented across the country, tension has begun to escalate among the indigenous community on the real motive of the program. Government policy objectives to assimilate indigenous communities into mainstream society leave little scope for indigenous groups to pursue their own life projects. Several studies have reported that the development of the government within traditional indigenous lands has caused conflict between the developer and the indigenous community. This situation has caused the indigenous people to bear the consequences of losing their traditional land, which is very important to reflect their identity. The aim of this paper is therefore to examine the current issues related to the land development initiative on the way of life of indigenous peoples in Malaysia. Documents search from published and unpublished material is used for this paper and a guide with a set of settings five years prior. The findings of this paper show that the development of the government in indigenous traditional lands has disrupted the traditional way of life, leading to multiple adverse effects on the community and the environment. In other words, the core of the indigenous people's struggle to this date is therefore concentrated in their involvement in making decisions in any development proposed to enhance their quality of life. Apart from that, the perspective of land development between the government and the indigenous peoples is quite different from one another. In conclusion, it is important to elicit knowledge and opinion from both indigenous peoples and government agencies to ensure the impact of land development activities can be minimized and implemented appropriately.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL-BUDAYA KOMUNITAS ADAT SADE DALAM PUSARAN ARUS PANDEMI COVID-19 DAN PARIWISATA

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Saharudin Saharudin ◽  
Sukri Sukri ◽  
Pahrudin Arrozi
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Transformation Theory ◽  
Dialectical Process ◽  
The Government ◽  
Local Traditions

This study was aimed at investigating how the Sade indigenous communities in Lombok carried out their socio-cultural transformation (especially during the Covid-19 pandemic). Specifically, this study sought for evidence of how the communities balanced the demands of tourism industry while preserving the local culture during the Covid-19 pandemic. Transformation theory was employed to examine the balance, involving an analysis of the dialectical process in the community during which the mediation of anxiety and calmness occurred to achieve certain objectives. The data were collected through interview and participant observation. The study revealed the socio-cultural transformation of the Sade-Lombok indigenous community during the Covid-19 pandemic was in form of community’s creativities and reforms in accommodating particular changes caused by the pandemic and modifying particular community rituals. The accommodation and modification were reinforced by the demands of the government, tourism agency and/or economic needs. Therefore, the study concluded that the socio-cultural transformation of the Sade-Lombok indigenous community during the Covid-19 pandemic was achieved through dialectical processes between anxiety and calmness resulted in the preservation of the local traditions, creativity, and reforms.

The Incorporation of the Native American Past: Cultural Extermination, Archaeological Protection, and the Antiquities Act of 1906

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chip Colwell-Chanthaphonh
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
American Southwest ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
The Government

In the late nineteenth century, while advocates garnered support for a law protecting America's archaeological resources, the U.S. government was seeking to dispossess Native Americans of traditional lands and eradicate native languages and cultural practices. That the government should safeguard Indian heritage in one way while simultaneously enacting policies of cultural obliteration deserves close scrutiny and provides insight into the ways in which archaeology is drawn into complex sociopolitical developments. Focusing on the American Southwest, this article argues that the Antiquities Act was fundamentally linked to the process of incorporating Native Americans into the web of national politics and markets. Whereas government programs such as boarding schools and missions sought to integrate living indigenous communities, the Antiquities Act served to place the Native American past under the explicit control of the American government and its agents of science. This story of archaeology is vital, because it helps explain the contemporary environment in which debates continue about the ownership and management of heritage.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN IZIN MENDIRIKAN BANGUNAN (IMB) DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (PAD) PADA DINAS PENANAMAN MODAL PELAYANAN TERPADU SATU PINTU (DPMPTSP) KABUPATEN PANGKEP

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Syukurman Syukurman ◽  
Andi Muhibuddin ◽  
Zainuddin Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Building Structure ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
The People ◽  
One Stop ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Target Set ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Investment Service

Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan tujuan agar dapat diketahui proses dan faktor yang mempengaruhi implementasi kebijakan dan adakah pengaruh terhadap peningkatan pendapatan asli daerah (PAD) pada Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (DPMPTSP) Kabupaten Pangkep. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan bersifat kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Yaitu memberikan pengamatan dan penggambaran terhadap aspek- aspek penelitian, kemudian meneskripsikan aspek tersebut. Untuk menentukan fakta maka peneliti melakukan wawancara, observasi beberapa informan kunci meliputi pelaksana kebijakan IMB, anggota DPRD, dan masyarakat yang bermohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada Implementasi kebijakan Izin Mendirikan Bangunan di Kabupaten Pangkep belum berjalan dengan efektif dan belum sesuai dengan keinginan pemerintah daerah. Hal ini dikarenakan belum maksimalnya penerapan kebijakan IMB ditandai dengan tidak diterapkannya waji IMB, ketentuan wajib memenuhi syarat tata bangunan. Adapun faktor yang menyebabkan tidak efektifnya implementasi kebijakan adalaah kualitas dan kwantitas staf yang masih kurang, pengawasan dan dukungan politik dari legislatif masih kurang dan komunikasi yang belum efektif yang belum berjalan dengan baik.Penerimaan retribusi IMB terhadap PAD masih sangat rendah, penerimaan retribusi selama tiga tahun terakhir tidak mengalami kenaikan sesuai target yang diharapkan pemerintah. Setiap tahunnya retribusi IMB yang diterrima Rp. 900.000.000 dimana hanya tercapai 60% dari target yang ditentukan pemerintah Kabupaten Pangkep. Nilai kontribusi tersebut belum signifikan terhadap peningkatan PAD di Kabupaten Pangkep. The research was conducted with the aim of knowing the processes and factors that influence policy implementation and whether there is an effect on increasing local revenue (PAD) at the One Stop Integrated Service and Investment Service (DPMPTSP) Pangkep Regency. The research method carried out is qualitative with a qualitative descriptive method. That is to provide observations and descriptions of aspects of the research, then describe these aspects. To determine the facts, the researchers conducted interviews, observed several key informants including IMB policy implementers, DPRD members, and the people who applied. The results showed that the implementation of the building permit policy in Pangkep Regency had not run effectively and had not been in accordance with the wishes of the local government. This is because the implementation of the IMB policy has not been maximized, which is marked by the non-applicability of the mandatory IMB, the provisions of which must meet the building structure requirements. The factors that cause the ineffective implementation of policies are the quality and quantity of staff that are still lacking, political supervision and support from the legislature are still lacking and communication is not yet effective which has not gone well. Receipt of IMB levies on PAD is still very low, retribution receipts for three years The last one did not increase according to the target expected by the government. Each year the IMB levy received is Rp. 900,000,000 where only 60% of the target set by the Pangkep Regency government was achieved. The value of this contribution has not been significant to the increase in PAD in Pangkep Regency.

scholarly journals EKSISTENSI PRAKTIK JUAL GADAI (ADOL SENDE) PADA MASYARAKAT DUSUN PENTONG KELURAHAN SELOREJO KECAMATAN PUNDHONG KABUPATEN BANTUL

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Nur Putri Hidayah ◽  
Inda Rahadiyan
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Internal Constraints ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Time Limits ◽  
Know How ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Empirical Sociology

Adol sende is a form of assurance that currently exists in rural and indigenous communities. Adol sende is implemented as an effort to fulfill people's life needs. But in practice, there is an extortion element in the implementation of adol sende because the object of guarantee is too long controlled by the creditor (controlled and used). This causes the debtor does not get the economic rights of the land which is used as the object of adol sende. In Article 7 of Act Number 56 Prp.1960 the government provides a limitation of the timing of adol sende implementation to overcome the extortion in farming practices. The purpose of this research is to know how to implement pawn transaction (adol sende) and constraints faced by people who live in Pentong Hamlet, Selorejo Subdistrict, Pundhong District, Bantul Regency in connection with the implementation of Article 7 of Law Number 56 Prp 1960. The research method is empirical sociology, research location is Pentong Hamlet, Selorejo Village, Pundhong District, Bantul Regency. The result of the research is the implementation of adol sende by the people of Pentong Hamlet, in relation to the implementation of Article 7 of Law Number 56 Prp 1960, there was no harmony. The Pentong community remains in their living law, where the implementation of adol sende is unlimited. The obstacles in the implementation of adol sende consists of 2 things, internal constraints because of ignorance of the community itself over the time limits set by the government. While external constraints exist in the absence of education in the form of socialization of the government against the provisions of Article 7 of Law Number 56 Prp 1960.

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