An Expert Ranked List of Pro-nature Conservation Behaviours for Public Use

Author(s):  
Lea Barbett ◽  
Edward Stupple ◽  
Michael Sweet ◽  
Miles Richardson

The planet is facing an anthropogenic mass extinction of wildlife, which will have a grave impact on the environment and humans. Widespread human action is needed to minimize the negative impact of humans on biodiversity and support the restoration of wildlife. In order to find effective ways to promote pro-nature conservation behaviours to the general population, there is a need to provide a list of behaviours which will have worthwhile ecological impact and are worth encouraging. In a novel collaboration between psychologists and ecologists, 70 experts from practical and academic conservation backgrounds were asked to review and rate 48 conservation related behaviours. According to their judgement, this short paper presents a ranked list of pro-nature conservation behaviours for the public in the UK and similar landscapes. This includes behaviours people can engage in in their homes, their gardens, on their land, and in their roles as citizens.

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Uren ◽  
Daniel Wright ◽  
James Scott ◽  
Yulan He ◽  
Hassan Saif

Purpose – This paper aims to address the following challenge: the push to widen participation in public consultation suggests social media as an additional mechanism through which to engage the public. Bioenergy companies need to build their capacity to communicate in these new media and to monitor the attitudes of the public and opposition organizations towards energy development projects. Design/methodology/approach – This short paper outlines the planning issues bioenergy developments face and the main methods of communication used in the public consultation process in the UK. The potential role of social media in communication with stakeholders is identified. The capacity of sentiment analysis to mine opinions from social media is summarised and illustrated using a sample of tweets containing the term “bioenergy”. Findings – Social media have the potential to improve information flows between stakeholders and developers. Sentiment analysis is a viable methodology, which bioenergy companies should be using to measure public opinion in the consultation process. Preliminary analysis shows promising results. Research limitations/implications – Analysis is preliminary and based on a small dataset. It is intended only to illustrate the potential of sentiment analysis and not to draw general conclusions about the bioenergy sector. Social implications – Social media have the potential to open access to the consultation process and help bioenergy companies to make use of waste for energy developments. Originality/value – Opinion mining, though established in marketing and political analysis, is not yet systematically applied as a planning consultation tool. This is a missed opportunity.


Author(s):  
Nick Ellison

This introductory chapter examines the ‘whys and wherefores of Brexit’, considering not just the political roots of the referendum result but also its complex social and economic roots. The analysis suggests that although voters were largely influenced by a narrow range of core issues — notably the impact of rising net migration, anxieties about sovereignty and fears about the trajectory of the UK economy — these concerns may in turn have been provoked by two factors. First, labour markets became increasingly ‘flexible’ and less secure as a result of globalisation, and, second, this insecurity was compounded by the significant tilt towards ‘austerity’ in the period after 2010. This latter factor, in particular, had an immediate negative impact on the living standards of the most deprived groups in the UK and on the public services upon which they depend.


2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-214373
Author(s):  
Gerry McCartney ◽  
Alastair Leyland ◽  
David Walsh ◽  
Dundas Ruth

BackgroundThe mortality impact of COVID-19 has thus far been described in terms of crude death counts. We aimed to calibrate the scale of the modelled mortality impact of COVID-19 using age-standardised mortality rates and life expectancy contribution against other, socially determined, causes of death in order to inform governments and the public.MethodsWe compared mortality attributable to suicide, drug poisoning and socioeconomic inequality with estimates of mortality from an infectious disease model of COVID-19. We calculated age-standardised mortality rates and life expectancy contributions for the UK and its constituent nations.ResultsMortality from a fully unmitigated COVID-19 pandemic is estimated to be responsible for a negative life expectancy contribution of −5.96 years for the UK. This is reduced to −0.33 years in the fully mitigated scenario. The equivalent annual life expectancy contributions of suicide, drug poisoning and socioeconomic inequality-related deaths are −0.25, −0.20 and −3.51 years, respectively. The negative impact of fully unmitigated COVID-19 on life expectancy is therefore equivalent to 24 years of suicide deaths, 30 years of drug poisoning deaths and 1.7 years of inequality-related deaths for the UK.ConclusionFully mitigating COVID-19 is estimated to prevent a loss of 5.63 years of life expectancy for the UK. Over 10 years, there is a greater negative life expectancy contribution from inequality than around six unmitigated COVID-19 pandemics. To achieve long-term population health improvements it is therefore important to take this opportunity to introduce post-pandemic economic policies to ‘build back better’.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Gerald D Barr ◽  

In relation to SARS-CoVid-2 a theoretical gold standard of face mask use is discussed and a similar principle for lockdown. The use of face masks in the general population is debated in relation to the UK public health advice that face masks are not needed in the general population. There is substantial evidence of ability of SARS-CoVid-2 to spread by aerosol which makes the UK Government’s public health advice and indeed that of the WHO, that social distancing and hand hygiene alone are required in the general population questionable. The question is not should the general public have mask protection but what degree of mask protection is needed? There is a shortage of suitable masks for health care workers in the UK but the need for this demand is driven by the large numbers of infected people in the community. Once the public health advice is adjusted polititians can start to try and solve the enormous logistical problem of protecting the public.


2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy McCahill ◽  
Briony Birdi ◽  
Roger B. Jones

This paper presents new findings regarding the public response to public spending cuts as part of the UK Government fiscal consolidation programme, specifically to the perceived effects of reduced library opening hours on the public library user in a city in the North of England. An inductive approach was taken to the mixed methods study, using a self-completion, cross-sectional survey distributed to adults visiting one of three libraries in the city during a six-day period. Qualitative and quantitative data analyses indicate a shared level of dissatisfaction with the service reductions across the respondents, and a shared perception of having been adversely affected. Statistical analyses revealed a strong level of agreement that the changes had a significantly negative impact on different aspects of respondents’ lives. The research evidences the direct effects of service reductions on library users, as well as the wider social and economic implications.


2021 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Morag Goodwin ◽  
Phillip Paiement

AbstractThis chapter reflects on the anticipated rush by private corporations to seek compensation from states for emergency measures taken to address the current health crisis. Where states have, for example, commandeered privately run health facilities, foreign corporations can claim for any negative impact on their current and future profits. This anticipated wave of state-investor litigation draws upon the web of bilateral investment treaties that span the globe and on Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) mechanisms. In place of a “new normal,” this short paper suggests that these threats represent an intensification of an existing trend, with the main difference being that states of the Global North are increasingly finding themselves disciplined by instruments that they created to protect their own companies abroad. If this happens, as seems likely, this crisis will add to the growing calls to rethink how we regulate the boundary between the public interest and private investors.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
David Ferrari

<p>In many countries around the world, contemporary urban ports have a major economical, infrastructural, and dominant presence along strategic waterfront edges. In terms of public life, these industrial private entities disconnect themselves from their parent city due to the interaction between a number of factors, namely; topography, orientation, positioning, port typology, the safety and functionality of ports, urban planning, and the effects on the natural ecology. The changing nature of how a city utilizes their waterfront questions whether urban ports have a role within the heart of the city. The potential to restructure port areas and their surrounding spaces that have been effected by development leads to the creation of dynamic public life entities. With these large infrastructural entities, the areas surrounding the boundaries are compromised and are trapped in a confusion of development and derelict design. Trapped landscapes often have detrimental effects on natural environments. This negative impact can be seen in the urban fabric of the city, and in the public well-being and life of the occupants of those spaces.  This thesis investigates urban areas trapped by functioning port infrastructure, specifically the area known as the Quay Park Quarter, situated in Auckland, New Zealand. The Ports of Auckland Ltd (POAL), directly north of the area, imposes a dominating, privatised and industrial statement to contribute to the nature of this trapped landscape. The Quay Park Quarter includes heritage sites, railway infrastructure, and ad-hoc developments, some of which were initially intended to rejuvenate the area.  This thesis aims to address the privatised issues surrounding the contemporary urban port by challenging the role and incorporation of public life as a means to restructure such areas. This thesis argues that active port areas can be reconfigured, restructured and reimagined in ways in which to utilize public life along active waterfront networks. This thesis will also argue that this utilization of public life can actively change the way in which trapped landscapes can be restructured for the future. By considering the ecological impact, the city’s growth and surrounding developed areas, positive changes can be made at multiple scales within the city context.  This thesis proposes that this can be investigated through observing three interrelated scales to discover city systems and functions, the intimate, neighbourhood and metropolitan. The intimate scale involves the interactions with one’s self in the environment that surrounds them, as well as the composition of all things to create public life. This creates a sense of locality for being in the environment. Because of the port’s impact on this urban area as well as its external and internal functions, the neighbourhood scale addresses the reconfiguration and restructuring of the port infrastructure that has impacted this trapped urban area. The metropolitan scale involves how the public life network fits within the context of the city, through the means of landscape infrastructural components. The collaboration of these three scales allows for an interchange between what the human can experience in addition to the systematic functionality of the city. This offers unique insight beyond the master planning of such urban areas to actively engage with life on the ground. The reconfiguration and restructuring aspects of these areas allow for a variety of resolutions to both actively engage with public life within industrial areas and facilitate the release of trapped landscapes back into the surrounding context of these areas.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
David Ferrari

<p>In many countries around the world, contemporary urban ports have a major economical, infrastructural, and dominant presence along strategic waterfront edges. In terms of public life, these industrial private entities disconnect themselves from their parent city due to the interaction between a number of factors, namely; topography, orientation, positioning, port typology, the safety and functionality of ports, urban planning, and the effects on the natural ecology. The changing nature of how a city utilizes their waterfront questions whether urban ports have a role within the heart of the city. The potential to restructure port areas and their surrounding spaces that have been effected by development leads to the creation of dynamic public life entities. With these large infrastructural entities, the areas surrounding the boundaries are compromised and are trapped in a confusion of development and derelict design. Trapped landscapes often have detrimental effects on natural environments. This negative impact can be seen in the urban fabric of the city, and in the public well-being and life of the occupants of those spaces.  This thesis investigates urban areas trapped by functioning port infrastructure, specifically the area known as the Quay Park Quarter, situated in Auckland, New Zealand. The Ports of Auckland Ltd (POAL), directly north of the area, imposes a dominating, privatised and industrial statement to contribute to the nature of this trapped landscape. The Quay Park Quarter includes heritage sites, railway infrastructure, and ad-hoc developments, some of which were initially intended to rejuvenate the area.  This thesis aims to address the privatised issues surrounding the contemporary urban port by challenging the role and incorporation of public life as a means to restructure such areas. This thesis argues that active port areas can be reconfigured, restructured and reimagined in ways in which to utilize public life along active waterfront networks. This thesis will also argue that this utilization of public life can actively change the way in which trapped landscapes can be restructured for the future. By considering the ecological impact, the city’s growth and surrounding developed areas, positive changes can be made at multiple scales within the city context.  This thesis proposes that this can be investigated through observing three interrelated scales to discover city systems and functions, the intimate, neighbourhood and metropolitan. The intimate scale involves the interactions with one’s self in the environment that surrounds them, as well as the composition of all things to create public life. This creates a sense of locality for being in the environment. Because of the port’s impact on this urban area as well as its external and internal functions, the neighbourhood scale addresses the reconfiguration and restructuring of the port infrastructure that has impacted this trapped urban area. The metropolitan scale involves how the public life network fits within the context of the city, through the means of landscape infrastructural components. The collaboration of these three scales allows for an interchange between what the human can experience in addition to the systematic functionality of the city. This offers unique insight beyond the master planning of such urban areas to actively engage with life on the ground. The reconfiguration and restructuring aspects of these areas allow for a variety of resolutions to both actively engage with public life within industrial areas and facilitate the release of trapped landscapes back into the surrounding context of these areas.</p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1140-1153
Author(s):  
Peter Yeoh

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to trace how and why the market-designed Libor benchmark turned bad, thereby necessitating a regulatory response. Design/methodology/approach The study relies on primary and secondary data in the public domain and complemented by a single-case study. Findings The study demonstrates how and why Libor benchmark rigging led to reforms in the UK and elsewhere. Research limitations/implications The study relying mainly on the secondary data analysis needs to be enhanced by further empirical-based studies. Practical implications Insights generated by the study suggest why it might not be worthwhile for market participants to game the system. Social implications Libor benchmark affects the financial system widely with varying significance to the wider public. With better regulatory oversight, its negative impact is expected to be mitigated considerably. Originality/value The seriousness with which the enforcement agency and judiciary now treat financial crime weakens the earlier public perception that white-collar crime is enforced differently.


Author(s):  
Aji Sulistyo

Television advertisement is an effective medium that aims to market a product or service, because it combines audio and visuals. therefore television advertisement can effectively influence the audience to buy the product or service. Advertisement nowadays does not only convey promotional messages, but can also be a medium for delivering social messages. That is one form of the function of the media, which is to educate the public. The research entitled Representation of Morality in the Teh Botol Sosro Advertisement "Semeja Bersaudara" version analyzed the morality value in a television advertisement from ready-to-drink tea producers, Teh Botol Sosro entitled "Semeja Bersaudara" which began airing in early 2019. In this study researchers used Charles Sanders Peirce's Semiotics theory with triangular meaning analysis tools in the form of Signs, Objects and Interpretations. In addition, researchers also use representation theory from Stuart Hall in interpreting messages in advertisements. The results of this study found that the "Semeja Bersaudara" version of Teh Botol Sosro advertisement represented a message in the form of morality. There are nine values of morality that can be taken in this advertisement including, friendly attitude, sharing, empathy, help, not prejudice, no discrimination, harmony, tolerance between religious communities and cross-cultural tolerance. The message conveyed in this advertisement is how the general public can understand how every human action in social life has moral values, so that the public can understand and apply moral values in order to live a better life.


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