scholarly journals Socially Transformative Resilience: A Conceptual Model and Research Agenda for a New Construct

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine S. Leventhal ◽  
Vilas Sawrikar ◽  
Sumeet Jain ◽  
Angus MacBeth
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Psychosocial Wellbeing ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
Original Approach

Marginalised individuals face significant and consistent adversities and injustices that their dominant culture counterparts rarely or never face, such as discrimination, low resource access, and violence. These challenges have been linked to poor wellbeing, both empirically and in individuals’ lived experiences. An original approach to improving this situation is introduced here via a novel transtheoretical construct: socially transformative resilience. Socially transformative resilience is conceived as a type of resilience in which individuals not only improve their psychosocial wellbeing in the face of challenge, but also resist, transcend, and/or seek to change the status quo, increasing their liberation as well. The key components and mechanisms of this new construct are described in detail, drawing on theoretical and empirical evidence. Key propositions of the model include the dual importance of moral and emotional initial responses to stressors, the centrality of a multidimensional reflection process, and the utility of acceptability-control appraisals in choosing which actions and resources to activate in service of wellbeing and liberation. An agenda for future research is presented, including examining and refining the model, developing a measure, creating interventions, and investigating relationships with psychopathology.

scholarly journals What Do We Know about Algorithmic Literacy? The Status Quo and a Research Agenda for a Growing Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Oeldorf-Hirsch ◽  
German Neubaum
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Measurement Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Status ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Relationship

The increasing emergence of algorithms in our daily use of technologies comes with a growing field of empirical research trying to understand how aware and knowledgeable individuals are about algorithms. This field is marked by a certain diversity in terms of how it theorizes and measures people’s literacy when interacting with algorithms. We propose converging on the term algorithmic literacy that covers different dimensions used by previous research. This article summarizes the state of knowledge on algorithmic literacy by systematically presenting initial steps in theory building and measurement development. Drawing on this, we propose an agenda including five different directions that future research could focus on: 1) theory building to understand algorithmic literacy, 2) addressing the algorithmic divide, 3) uncovering the relationship between algorithmic literacy and attitudes, 4) examining algorithmic literacy as predictor for user behavior, and 5) exploring ways to increase algorithmic literacy.

How Predatory Informal Rules Outlast State Reform: Evidence from Postauthoritarian Guatemala

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Military Rule ◽  
State Reform ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
Informal Rules ◽  
Customs Administration

ABSTRACT The coexistence of predatory informal rules alongside formal democratic institutions is a defining, if pernicious, feature of Latin America’s political landscape. How do such rules remain so resilient in the face of bureaucratic reforms? This article explicates the mechanisms underlying the persistence of such rules and challenges conventional explanations through process-tracing analysis in one arena: Guatemala’s customs administration. During Guatemala’s period of armed conflict and military rule, military intelligence officers introduced a powerful customs fraud scheme that endured for more than 20 years, despite state reforms. Its survival is best attributed to the ability of the distributional coalition underwriting the predatory rules to capture new political and economic spaces facilitated by political party and market reforms. This illustrates that distributional approaches to institutional change must attend to how those with a stake in the status quo may continue to uphold perverse institutional arrangements on the margins of state power.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence in hospitals: providing a status quo of ethical considerations in academia to guide future research

AI & Society ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Mirbabaie ◽  
Lennart Hofeditz ◽  
Nicholas R. J. Frick ◽  
Stefan Stieglitz
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Citation Network ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Biomedical Ethics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Ethical Discourse ◽  
The Status ◽  
Clinical Environments ◽  
Research Questions

AbstractThe application of artificial intelligence (AI) in hospitals yields many advantages but also confronts healthcare with ethical questions and challenges. While various disciplines have conducted specific research on the ethical considerations of AI in hospitals, the literature still requires a holistic overview. By conducting a systematic discourse approach highlighted by expert interviews with healthcare specialists, we identified the status quo of interdisciplinary research in academia on ethical considerations and dimensions of AI in hospitals. We found 15 fundamental manuscripts by constructing a citation network for the ethical discourse, and we extracted actionable principles and their relationships. We provide an agenda to guide academia, framed under the principles of biomedical ethics. We provide an understanding of the current ethical discourse of AI in clinical environments, identify where further research is pressingly needed, and discuss additional research questions that should be addressed. We also guide practitioners to acknowledge AI-related benefits in hospitals and to understand the related ethical concerns.

scholarly journals Research on the Literature of Green Building Based on the Web of Science: A Scientometric Analysis in CiteSpace (2002–2018)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingling Shi ◽  
Xinping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Evolution Pattern ◽  
The Status

Since the 21st century, the concept of green building has been gradually popularized and implemented in more countries, which has become a popular direction in the area of sustainability in the building industry. Over the past few decades, many scholars and experts have done extensive research on green building. The purpose of this paper is to systematically analyze and visualize the status quo of green building. Therefore, based on Web of Science (WoS), this paper analyzed the existing knowledge system of green building using CiteSpace, identified keywords related to green building and their frequency of occurrence using the function of keyword co-occurrence analysis, recognized five clusters using the function of cluster analysis, and explored the knowledge evolution pattern of green building using citation bursts analysis in order to reveal how research related to green building has evolved over time. On the basis of aforementioned keywords, clusters, and citation bursts analysis, this paper has built a knowledge graph for green building. This paper can help readers to better understand the status quo and development trend of green building and to easier recognize the shortcomings in the development of green building, so as to provide a promising direction for future research.

General Models for Automated Essay Scoring: Exploring an Alternative to the Status Quo

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Adam Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Writing Assessment ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Automated Essay Scoring ◽  
The Status ◽  
Essay Scoring ◽  
Better Than

Powers, Burstein, Chodorow, Fowles, and Kukich (2002) suggested that automated essay scoring (AES) may benefit from the use of “general” scoring models designed to score essays irrespective of the prompt for which an essay was written. They reasoned that such models may enhance score credibility by signifying that an AES system measures the same writing characteristics across all essays. They reported empirical evidence that general scoring models performed nearly as well in agreeing with human readers as did prompt-specific models, the “status quo” for most AES systems. In this study, general and prompt-specific models were again compared, but this time, general models performed as well as or better than prompt-specific models. Moreover, general models measured the same writing characteristics across all essays, while prompt-specific models measured writing characteristics idiosyncratic to the prompt. Further comparison of model performance across two different writing tasks and writing assessment programs bolstered the case for general models.

International Innovation Collaboration in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 501-524
Author(s):  
Kaihua Chen ◽  
Ze Feng ◽  
Xiaolan Fu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
Innovation Cooperation

At present, China is in the critical period of economic growth transformation and structural adjustment. Strengthening international innovation cooperation is becoming extremely important. However, there are distinctive characteristics of international innovation collaboration that differ from domestic research collaboration, so that international innovation collaboration meets more challenges compared with other kinds of research collaboration. This chapter attempts to analyze China’s international innovation cooperation from a more macro level. Combining theory with practice, the chapter analyzes the necessity of international innovation cooperation, China’s practice and experience, and the status quo of China’s international cooperation. The chapter provides suggestions for solving the problems existing in the present stage. It also collates and forecasts the future research areas of international innovation cooperation.

Understanding Dynamic Transactions Between Personality Traits and Partner Relationships

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Mund ◽  
Christine Finn ◽  
Birk Hagemeyer ◽  
Franz J. Neyer
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Functional Perspective ◽  
The Status ◽  
Partner Relationships ◽  
The One ◽  
Analysis Models ◽  
The Relationship

When examining the associations between personality traits and partner relationships, the majority of studies have focused on the one-way effects of personality traits on the quality and stability of relationships. Recent work, however, has shown that relationships likewise retroact on personality traits and their development. Apart from these mutual influences, recent studies have also emphasized the necessity of considering both members of a couple in order to understand how their personalities and perceptions of the relationship interact. We review the status quo of research on personality-relationship transactions and outline suggestions for future research that move the focus from predicting the interplay between the two domains to explaining how personality traits and partner relationships dynamically interact. Specifically, we propose the need for (a) a functional perspective on personality traits, (b) a differentiated view of behavior, and (c) acknowledgment of the dynamic nature of traits and relationships in appropriate analysis models.

Moral Seriousness

Philosophy ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (172) ◽  
pp. 114-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Ward
Keyword(s):  
Status Quo ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Rule Out

What is it to be ‘morally serious’? In one sense, it is quite obvious that a man who stands by his moral principles with difficulty and in face of many obstacles, even to the extent of giving his life rather than denying these principles, is a morally serious person. He might be contrasted with a man who gives up or modifies his moral principles whenever their implementation becomes difficult, or threatens to harm his interests; and this person might be called morally frivolous. That is what moral seriousness is; but still, one might ask, what is it to be a morally serious man? What does it involve to be such a man? Is it just a sort of pathological obstinacy; even, perhaps, a misplaced conservatism in face of the facts, which clings to the principles it knows, whatever the cost? One cannot rule out such a possibility. But the martyr and the hero do not consider themselves to be merely obstinate. In the face of risk and even certain suffering, they typically regard it as of supreme importance to be obstinate in sustaining their principles. Something more is felt to be at stake than mere defence of the status quo.

Palestinian leadership may be more radical post-Abbas

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Succession Plan ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face

Significance By doing so, Abbas indirectly underlined his failure to change the status quo through negotiations. The speech comes during a critical period in domestic politics when Abbas is trying to ensure control of Palestinian institutions for his allies in the face of growing popular discontent with the ongoing occupation and his leadership. Impacts The PNC meeting could be a catalyst for a new strategy in response to the failure of Oslo. Alternative non-violent strategies include campaigning for boycotts of Israel and equal rights in a 'one state solution'. More Palestinians could turn to extremist jihadi groups if the leadership is not revitalised. The risk of a new intifada or dissolution of the Palestinian Authority will increase the longer the stalemate continues. A succession plan would prevent a power vacuum if Abbas were to die or be incapacitated suddenly.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document