Four meta-analyses across 164 studies on atypical footedness prevalence and its relation to handedness

Human lateral preferences, such as handedness and footedness, have interested researchers for decades due to their pronounced asymmetries at population level. While there are good estimates on the prevalence of handedness in the population, there is, to this, day no large-scale estimation on the prevalence of footedness. Furthermore, the relationship between footedness and handedness still remains elusive. Here, we conducted meta-analyses with four different classification systems for footedness on 145,150 individuals across 164 studies including new data from the ALSPAC cohort. The aims of the study were to determine a reliable point estimate of footedness, to study the association between footedness and handedness, and to investigate moderating factors influencing footedness. We showed that the prevalence of atypical footedness ranges between 12.10% using the most conservative criterion of left-footedness to 23.7% including all left- and mixed-footers as a single non-right category. As many as 60.1% of left-handers were left-footed whereas only 3.2% of right-handers were left-footed. Males were 4.1% more often non-right-footed compared to females. Individuals with psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders exhibited a higher prevalence of non-right-footedness. Furthermore, the presence of mixed-footedness was higher in children compared to adults as well as in experienced athletes compared to the general population. Finally, we showed that footedness is only marginally influenced by cultural and social factors, which have been shown to play a crucial role in the determination of handedness. Overall, this study provides new and useful reference data for laterality research. Furthermore, the data suggest that footedness is a valuable phenotype for the study of lateral motor biases, its underlying genetics and neurodevelopment.

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Rapid Determination of Aesculin, Aesculetin and Fraxetin inCortex FraxiniExtract Solutions Based on Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2011/294298 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (s1) ◽

pp. S225-S236 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ming Yang ◽

Jia-Lei Chen ◽

Xiu-Feng Shi ◽

Hui-Jue Niu

Keyword(s):

Root Mean Square Error ◽

Reference Data ◽

Rapid Determination ◽

Ultraviolet Spectroscopy ◽

Mean Square ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Ultraviolet Spectra ◽

Calibration Models ◽

The Relationship

To evaluate the application of ultraviolet spectroscopy for the rapid determination of aesculin, aesculetin and fraxetin inCortex fraxiniextract solutions, ultraviolet spectra ofCortex fraxiniextract solutions from different batches were collected in the spectral range from 200 nm to 400 nm. The relationship between ultraviolet spectra and chemical parameters displayed some non-linear characteristics. Thus, K-OPLS was proposed to establish the calibration models for the determination ofCortex fraxiniextract solutions between the reference data and ultraviolet spectra. The calibration results were achieved for the determination ofCortex fraxiniextract solutions. The coefficients of determination in calibration (R2) for aesculin, aesculetin and fraxetin were 0.989, 0.957 and 0.939, while in prediction (R2) were 0.982, 0.979 and 0.962, respectively. And the root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP) for aesculin, aesculet and fraxetin were 11.99, 3.02 and 1.59 μg/mL. The results demonstrated that ultraviolet spectroscopy could be used for the rapid determination of these three components inCortex fraxiniextract solutions.

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SCALE EFFECT IN LABORATORY DETERMINATION OF THE PROPERTIES OF COMPLEX CARBONATE RESERVOIRS

10.31224/osf.io/9vr45 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kamensky IP ◽

Sudad H Al-Obaidi ◽

Khalaf FH

Keyword(s):

Scale Effect ◽

Large Scale ◽

Scale Effects ◽

Rock Properties ◽

Flow Capacity ◽

Core Study ◽

Porosity And Permeability ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

As it is well known that, formation porosity and permeability are fundamental rock properties. Porosity is a measure of the storage capacity of the rock and permeability is a measure of rock flow capacity. In this study the relationship of the scale effect with the features and type of the capacitive structure of complex reservoirs is shown. The characteristic conditions for the manifestation of large-scale effects in determining porosity and permeability are analyzed. Also in this work the influence of the scale effect on the representativeness of laboratory determinations of flow- storage capacitance (FSC) properties is shown. The relationship between the values of porosity and permeability with the object of the core study has been established.

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Hypertensive Hypoalgesia in a Complex Chronic Disease Population

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10173816 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (17) ◽

pp. 3816

Author(s):

Meaghan Ferguson ◽

Maxwell Slepian ◽

Christopher France ◽

Anton Svendrovski ◽

Joel Katz

Keyword(s):

Severe Pain ◽

Pain Sensitivity ◽

Large Scale ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Population Level ◽

Continuing Care ◽

Total N ◽

Lower Pain ◽

Complex Chronic Disease ◽

The Relationship

Hypertension-related hypoalgesia, defined as lower pain sensitivity in individuals with high blood pressure, has yet to be examined in a large-scale study of complex care residents. Here, the Continuing Care Reporting System database, which contains health information on residents of Canadian complex chronic care facilities, was used for assessment. Hypertension was reported among 77,323 residents (55.5%, total N = 139,920). Propensity score matching, with a 1:1 ratio, was used to identify a control record without hypertension for each case. Multinomial logistic regression was used to quantify the effects of hypertension and sex on four-level ordinal pain variables, controlling for potential confounders. The matched dataset included n = 40,799 cases with hypertension and n = 40,799 without hypertension, with 57% female. Residents with hypertension had significantly lower odds of reporting pain (yes/no) (OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.81–0.90, p < 0.001), including on measures of severe pain (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.63–0.76, p < 0.001). A significant interaction between hypertension and sex (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.03–1.32, p = 0.014) indicated that a significantly greater proportion of females without hypertension reported severe pain (8.71%). The results confirm the relationship between hypertension and reduced pain sensitivity on a population level.

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Indirect Estimation of the Djankuat Glacier Volume Based on Surface Topography

Hydrology Research ◽

10.2166/nh.2002.0006 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 95-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. A. Aleynikov ◽

V. V. Popovnin ◽

K. F. Voytkovskiy ◽

Ye. A. Zolotaryov

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Ice Thickness ◽

Topographic Map ◽

Glacier Surface ◽

Ice Flow ◽

Thermal Drilling ◽

Calculation Results ◽

Central Caucasus ◽

The Relationship

The relationship between the thickness of a glacier stream and its surface slope is discussed. Morphometrical features of the glacier surface serve as a basis for estimating the maximum thickness the glacier can attain. A method for indirect calculation of ice thickness is hereby suggested. A detailed large-scale map permits determination of the total glacier volume. The Djankuat Glacier, a representative valley glacier in the Central Caucasus, is used as an example to illustrate the applicability of the proposed calculation scheme. Its probable thickness and volume are estimated on the grounds of photogrammetrical surveys, a topographic map and spatial pattern of ice flow velocity on the surface. Several values of directly measured ice thickness (by various methods such as thermal drilling, radar sounding, gravimetry etc.) verify the calculation results. As a result, ice thickness over the entire glacier area has been mapped. Methodical limitations and accuracy of indirect estimates are also discussed.

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The Evolution of Climate Changes in Portugal: Determination of Trend Series and Its Impact on Forest Development

Climate ◽

10.3390/cli7060078 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 78 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Leonel J. R. Nunes ◽

Catarina I. R. Meireles ◽

Carlos J. Pinto Gomes ◽

Nuno M. C. Almeida Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Critical Period ◽

Large Scale ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Variable Precipitation ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Climatic Normal

Climate changes are a phenomenon that can affect the daily activities of rural communities, with particular emphasis on those directly dependent on the agricultural and forestry sectors. In this way, the present work intends to analyse the impact that climate changes have on forest risk assessment, namely on how the occurrence of rural fires are affecting the management of the forest areas and how the occurrence of these fires has evolved in the near past. Thus, a comparative analysis of the data provided by IPMA (Portuguese Institute of the Sea and the Atmosphere), was carried out for the period from 2001 to 2017 with the climatic normal for the period between 1971 to 2000, for the variables of the average air temperature, and for the precipitation. In this comparative study, the average monthly values were considered and the months in which anomalies occurred were determined. Anomalies were considered in the months in which the average air temperature varied by 1 °C than the value corresponding to the climatic norm, in at least 50% of the national territory. The same procedure was repeated for the variable precipitation, counting as anomaly the occurrence of a variation in precipitation of 50%, also in 50% of the national territory. Then the calculation of the moving averages for cycles of 3, 5 and 7 periods were applied, and the trend lines were projected. Subsequently, the relationship between the results obtained and the occurrence of rural fires as well as the spatial distribution of forest area, species and structure were analyzed. From the results obtained it was possible to confirm the existence of a tendency for the occurrence of climatic anomalies, highlighting the occurrence of an increasing number of months with temperatures higher by at least 1 °C. It was possible to foresee the relation between the occurrence of rural fires and the periods of anomaly and absence of precipitation. From the results obtained it is also possible to infer that, analyzing the tendency for these phenomena to occur, it can be necessary to change the “critical period of rural fires”, since it is verified that what is currently in use does not covers the entire period where anomalies occur and where large-scale rural fires potentially can happen.

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To What Extent and Under Which Circumstances Are Growth Mind-Sets Important to Academic Achievement? Two Meta-Analyses

Psychological Science ◽

10.1177/0956797617739704 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 549-571 ◽

Cited By ~ 159

Author(s):

Victoria F. Sisk ◽

Alexander P. Burgoyne ◽

Jingze Sun ◽

Jennifer L. Butler ◽

Brooke N. Macnamara

Keyword(s):

Academic Achievement ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Implicit Theories ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Low Socioeconomic ◽

Moderating Factors ◽

Mind Set ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Human Attributes ◽

The Relationship

Mind-sets (aka implicit theories) are beliefs about the nature of human attributes (e.g., intelligence). The theory holds that individuals with growth mind-sets (beliefs that attributes are malleable with effort) enjoy many positive outcomes—including higher academic achievement—while their peers who have fixed mind-sets experience negative outcomes. Given this relationship, interventions designed to increase students’ growth mind-sets—thereby increasing their academic achievement—have been implemented in schools around the world. In our first meta-analysis ( k = 273, N = 365,915), we examined the strength of the relationship between mind-set and academic achievement and potential moderating factors. In our second meta-analysis ( k = 43, N = 57,155), we examined the effectiveness of mind-set interventions on academic achievement and potential moderating factors. Overall effects were weak for both meta-analyses. However, some results supported specific tenets of the theory, namely, that students with low socioeconomic status or who are academically at risk might benefit from mind-set interventions.

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The longitudinal and concurrent relationship between caregiver sensitivity and preschool attachment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0245061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0245061

Author(s):

Monica C. O’Neill ◽

Shaylea Badovinac ◽

Rebecca Pillai Riddell ◽

Jean-François Bureau ◽

Carla Rumeo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Reviews ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Medium Effect ◽

Future Directions ◽

Longitudinal Association ◽

Registration Number ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

The Relationship

The present study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the concurrent and longitudinal relationship between caregiver sensitivity and preschool attachment measured using the Main and Cassidy (1988) and Cassidy and Marvin (1992) attachment classification systems. This review was pre-registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; Registration Number CRD42017073417) and completed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The present review identified 36 studies made up of 21 samples (N = 3, 847) examining the relationship between caregiver sensitivity and preschool attachment. Eight primary meta-analyses were conducted separately according to the proximity of the assessment of sensitivity to attachment (i.e., concurrent versus longitudinal), operationalization of caregiver sensitivity (i.e., unidimensional versus multidimensional) and attachment categorizations (i.e., secure-insecure versus organized-disorganized). Overall, the meta-analyses revealed higher levels of caregiver sensitivity among caregivers with secure and organized preschoolers, relative to insecure and disorganized preschoolers, respectively. Medium effect sizes (g = .46 to .59) were found for both longitudinal and concurrent associations between caregiver sensitivity and preschool attachment when a unidimensional measure of caregiver sensitivity was employed, compared to small to medium effect sizes (g = .34 to .49) when a multidimensional measure of caregiver sensitivity was employed. Child age at attachment measurement was a significant moderator of the longitudinal association between unidimensional caregiver sensitivity and preschool attachment. Future directions for the literature and clinical implications are discussed.

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Ultra-processed Food Intake and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: a systematic review

Anales de la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia ◽

10.53519/analesranf.2021.87.03.09 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 87 (87(03)) ◽

pp. 331-338

Author(s):

Amelia Marti del Moral ◽

Sofía Aimi Arrúe Ishiyama

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Fast Food ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Processed Food ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Unhealthy Diet ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

The Relationship

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. An unhealthy diet, among other risk factors, can be involved in the development of the disease. This type of diet is usually characterized by being low in unprocessed foods (fruits, vegetables, etc.) and high in ultra-processed foods (UPFs). It has been suggested that a high consumption of UPFs could be related to the development of CVD. However, as UPFs are a broad group in which multiple foods with different compositions coexist, it is not only difficult but also a generalization to draw a conclusion about their possible association. The present systematic review studies the relationship between the consumption of UPFs and the risk of CVD. A systematic review was performed in the PubMed database. PRISMA criteria were applied to identify articles that met the following criteria: studies performed in humans, in English or Spanish, and be original articles, excluding meta-analyses and reviews. The search was performed using the terms “Ultra-processed food” or “Fast food” and “Cardiovascular disease” or “Cardiovascular risk factor”, with a total of 10 articles included: 4 prospective cohort studies, 4 cross-sectional studies and 2 modeling studies. An association between the consumption of UPFs and CVD was found in all the studies analyzed. However, there are limitations with respect to the use of different food classification systems according to the degree of processing. This systematic review concludes that more studies are needed to establish with greater evidence the relationship between the consumption of UPFs and risk of CVD.

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Strategic Change and the Improvement of Organizational Performance: A Study Based On Meta-Analysis

CONVERTER ◽

10.17762/converter.275 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153-168

Author(s):

Junjie Wu, Et al.

Keyword(s):

Organizational Performance ◽

Large Scale ◽

Strategic Change ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Data Types ◽

Moderating Factors ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Meta Regression ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Objectives: In order to explore the factors that lead to the difference of outcome between strategic change and organizational performance.Methods: This paper takes the correlation coefficient between strategic change and organizational performance as the effect value, and conducts Meta integration analysis and Meta regression analysis on 23 important literatures involving 7225 enterprise samples from 2008 to 2018.Results: Firstly, the meta-integration method is used to estimate the overall results of existing empirical studies. The results show that strategic change is significantly positively correlated with organizational performance. Second, there are too many moderating factors that lead to different conclusions of research on strategic change-organizational performance. Therefore, Meta regression method is used to explore the impact of 10 moderating factors on the relationship between the two. First, positive strategic change has a better moderating effect; Second, compared with small and medium-sized enterprises, the performance of strategic change of large-scale enterprises is better; Third, the more recent the year of publication, the less supportive the relationship between strategic change and organizational performance; Fourth, there is no significant difference between data types and the relationship between strategic change and organizational performance, but data time span has a significant negative moderating effect.Conclusions: This study shows that the quantitative literature study of meta analysis not only helps to resolve the existing theoretical disputes, but also helps to explore new theoretical studies in the context of COVID-19 epidemic in the future, meanwhile, it also provides a novel framework for quantitative literature analysis.

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Patellar Morphology and Osteoarthritis: A Cadaveric Analysis

The Journal of Knee Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1713127 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nihar S. Shah ◽

David M. Wang ◽

Douglas S. Weinberg ◽

Raymond W. Liu

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Large Scale ◽

Small Samples ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Type Ii ◽

Patellofemoral Arthritis ◽

The Relationship ◽

Patellar Morphology ◽

Cadaveric Analysis

AbstractPrevious studies have attempted to characterize patellar morphology and its relation to patellofemoral osteoarthritis but have utilized relatively small samples. We designed a large-scale cadaveric analysis to elucidate any potential relationship. Patellar morphology in 1,032 patellae was characterized using patellar facet concavity patterns initially developed by Wiberg and using the ratio of the lateral and medial facet lengths. Patellofemoral arthritis grading for specimens was previously completed based primarily on osteophytic burden. The average age at time of death was 56 ± 10 years. Wiberg's grading returned kappa values of 0.43 for intrarelator reliability and 0.27 for interrelator reliability. Using multiple regression analysis, Wiberg's type II was found to be correlated with patellofemoral arthritis (p = 0.003). Lateral to medial facet ratio measurements returned intraclass coefficients of 0.91 for intrarelator reliability and 0.85 for interrelator reliability. There was no association between lateral to medial facet ratio and osteoarthritis. Regression analysis between Wiberg's typing and lateral-to-medial ratio (L:M) resulted in a coefficient of determination of 0.14. To our knowledge, this is the largest study evaluating the relationship between patellar morphology and arthritis. Although there was a relationship between Wiberg's type II and patellofemoral arthritis, the Wiberg systems was not easily reproducible in our study and returned a correlation with arthritis different then anatomically expected. A more reproducible system of lateral to medial facet ratio was investigated but did not find an association with arthritic changes. Given these findings, we did not find a patella morphology grading system which is both reliable and valid in regard to association with patellofemoral arthritis.

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