scholarly journals Neighborhood characteristics and individual perception of social inequity - A Stage 1 Registered Report

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita M. Ludwig ◽  
Michael W. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Social Welfare Policy ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Neighborhood Diversity ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
Open Datasets ◽  
Stage 1

The neighborhoods that people live in contain a variety of features that color their everyday psychological experience. Whether they feel welcomed by their neighbors, the type of schools they can send their children to, and whether they can find a local job that pays them enough to afford a safe, comfortable home are all examples of ever-present factors that can influence people’s perception of the world and their place in it. Previous work has explored the degree to which individual characteristics, such as personal beliefs and social networks, are associated with judgments about whether society is fair and just. Here, we build upon this work by investigating if these judgments are also associated with the features of the neighborhoods that people live in. Specifically, we hypothesize that neighborhood diversity and socioeconomic indicators will relate to individual beliefs about fairness and social order. We test this hypothesis using two large, open datasets – the Attitudes, Identities, and Individual Differences study data, and the Opportunity Insights Neighborhood Characteristics by County data – and through multi-method modeling techniques. Our work can inform theories of individual perception of, and response to, societal inequity, as well as models of public opinion of social welfare policy.

scholarly journals Factors That Account For Low Enrollment In Community-Based Senior High Schools In The Ashanti Region Of Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denteh Raphael ◽  
Samuel Dontoh ◽  
Augustine Adjei ◽  
Francis Kyei Badu
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Ashanti Region ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Science Laboratories ◽  
Quota Sampling

The study was to explore the factors that account for low enrolments in senior high schools in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The purpose of the study was to investigate the factors that account for low enrolments in the community-based senior high school in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The purpose of the study was to investigate socio-economic factors, school related factors, geographical factors and individual characteristics that influence enrolments, participation, retention, attendance, progression and dropout in community-based senior high schools in Ashanti Region of Ghana. The purposive and quota sampling were used to select a sample size of 120 respondent make up of 10 heads, 10 Districts Directors of Education, 10 PTA chairmen and 90 parents of sampled schools. The instruments used to collect data from the respondents were the questionnaire for heads, structured interview guide for parents. PTA Chairmen and the District Directors of GES and observation guide on school building and furniture. The reliability co-efficient of the study was 0.82. The co-efficient is high enough and hence the items were deemed reliable for the study. Data were analysed by the use of frequencies, percentages and apparent cohort method. The finding of the study indicated that most of the sampled senior high schools do not have school bus to convey day students to and from schools. The sample senior high schools do not have workshops for all programmes, classrooms and standard science laboratories and science equipment to enhance academic work.

Parents’ experience of family-centred care in the post-anaesthetic care unit during non-clinical delays: A qualitative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352110365
Author(s):  
Jessica Taranto ◽  
Rebecca Thornton ◽  
Sally Lima ◽  
Bernice Redley
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Inpatient Ward ◽  
The Core ◽  
Anaesthetic Care ◽  
The Family ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Parents Experiences

The qualitative exploratory descriptive study explored parents’ experience of family-centred care during delayed transfer from a paediatric post-anaesthetic care unit to an inpatient ward. Data were collected in a tertiary children’s hospital in Melbourne, Australia, using in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Participants ( n = 15) were parents of children ( n = 10, aged 6 months to 16 years) delayed in a Stage 1 post-anaesthetic care unit for longer than 30 min. Elements of the family-centred care framework guided thematic analysis, the core concepts of which are respect and dignity, information sharing, participation and collaboration. Respect and dignity was most often identified, expressed in three subthemes: (1) the caring behaviour of staff, (2) being present with their child and (3) a journey shared with other families. Information sharing was also common, illustrated through (1) being told information and (2) being heard. Participation, the third element of the framework, was infrequently identified by participants; however, parents of children under 6 years of age alluded to contributing to their child’s care. The final element, collaboration, was not identified in the study data. Only two of four elements of the family-centred care framework were common in parents’ experiences: respect and dignity, and information sharing. ‘Being with’ their child emerged as a central concern for parents’ perceptions of family-centred care.

scholarly journals The Role of Individual and Neighborhood Characteristics on Mental Health after a Period of Economic Crisis in the Lisbon Region (Portugal): A Multilevel Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loureiro ◽  
Santana ◽  
Nunes ◽  
Almendra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Individual

Mental health is an intrinsic dimension of health influenced by individual and contextual factors. This cross-sectional study analyzes the association between the individual, neighborhood characteristics, and one’s self-assessed mental health status in the Lisbon region after an economic crisis. Via the application of multilevel regression models, the study assesses the link between one’s neighborhood environment—deprivation, low self-assessed social capital, and low self-assessed satisfaction with the area of residence—and mental health regardless of one’s individual characteristics. Constraints related to the economic crisis play an important role in the explanation of poor mental health.

The Attitude of Healthcare Services Management Students towards Self-Directed Learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvaneh Isfahani ◽  
Faezeh Rasulkhani ◽  
Hadiseh Shahreki ◽  
Fatemeh Mohammadi ◽  
Somayeh Samani
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
The Many ◽  
Management Students ◽  
Effect Learning

Background: Due to the many developments in the field of science and knowledge, self-directed learning can play a key role in lifelong learning and empowerment as a very important skill. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the attitude of healthcare services management students of Zabol University of Medical Sciences towards self-directed learning in 2019. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 62 students of health care management major were selected using the census method. A standard questionnaire was used in this study. Data were analyzed using appropriate descriptive and inferential tests. Results: The most frequent elements were "lack of influence from the teacher" (3.24 ± 0.935) in the category of perception of self-direct learning, "higher arousal power than the traditional method" (2.65 ± 0.791) in the category of how to effect learning, "quizzes and tests" (2.73 ± 0.961) in the category of barriers and "good lecture" (3.02 ± 1.000) in the category of motivational factors. Conclusion: From the students' point of view, Individual characteristics played an important role in determining self-directed learning efficiency and lack of knowledge was one of the major obstacles.

scholarly journals Conflict, Peace and Security: An International Relations Perspective with Special Reference to India

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-90
Author(s):  
Sujit Lahiry
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Social Welfare Policy ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Peace Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Conflict Reduction

Conflict, peace and security are some of the enduring concerns of the Peace Research Movement of the 1950s and 1960s. They have become integrated in the dominant disciplines of international relations and political science and now are also part of most of the social science disciplines, such as economics, sociology, public policy, gender studies, international law and so on. This article purportedly seeks to examine some of the varied issues of conflict, peace and security and the challenges posed before the IR theorists to deal with them. It will also examine how the liberals, realists, Marxists, neo-Marxists and functionalists interpret conflict-transformation, peace-building and security. This article concludes with the argument that it is within the frontiers of critical theory as well as a class analysis of the structure of society within any state that social scientists can move from a paradigm of conflict reduction towards a more egalitarian model of peace and security. This article also concludes that only human security with a strong social welfare policy will lead to an egalitarian social order, especially in India.

scholarly journals Covid-19 Impact: Indonesia Tourism in New Normal Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Business And Society ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
New Normal ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the problem of the impact of Covid-19 on the Tourism Industry in the New Normal Era, which is a previously unusual or unfamiliar situation which is then made into a standard of habit or expectation. This research is expected to be able to further explain the impact of Pandemic Covid-19 on the tourism industry which must recover immediately from the slump in Post Covid-19 or in the New Normal Era, able to explain where the tourism industry is going, how governance and how the tourism industry will be able to adapt with the dramatic restructuring of the economic and social order in business and society. The method in this research is a qualitative method with case studies to describe the complete picture of the events under study. Data obtained from various sources, documents, and other written data. The findings of this study explain that all components of the tourism industry both government, hospitality, travel businesses, tourism objects and various other supporting institutions as a whole must be able to have protocols as a standard that must be adhered to in providing services and services in all sectors of the tourism industry. Meanwhile the governance of the tourism industry must be able to optimize marketing strategies by making full use of the various advantages of information communication technology that will be very dominant in all sectors of activity which will thus be able to adapt to various global economic and business restructuring.

scholarly journals Variation in Provider Identification of Obesity by Individual- and Neighborhood-Level Characteristics among an Insured Population

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara N. Bleich ◽  
Jeanne M. Clark ◽  
Suzanne M. Goodwin ◽  
Mary Margaret Huizinga ◽  
Jonathan P. Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Diagnosis Code ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
To Receive

Objective. The purpose of this study was to examine whether neighborhood- and individual-level characteristics affect providers' likelihood of providing an obesity diagnosis code in their obese patients' claims.Methods. Logistic regressions were performed with obesity diagnosis code serving as the outcome variable and neighborhood characteristics and member characteristics serving as the independent variables (N= 16,151 obese plan members).Results. Only 7.7 percent of obese plan members had an obesity diagnosis code listed in their claims. Members living in neighborhoods with the largest proportions of Blacks were 29 percent less likely to receive an obesity diagnosis (P<.05). The odds of having an obesity diagnosis code were greater among members who were female, aged 44 or below, hypertensive, dyslipidemic, BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2, had a larger number of provider visits, or who lived in an urban area (allP<.05).Conclusions. Most health care providers do not include an obesity diagnosis code in their obese patients' claims. Rates of obesity identification were strongly related to individual characteristics and somewhat associated with neighborhood characteristics.

Individual Perception of Education and Treatment Versus Actual Outcome: A Theoretical Model Exemplified by an Interventional Study on Patients with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareta Furu ◽  
Siv Fischbein ◽  
Urban Rosenqvist
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
Conventional Medical Treatment ◽  
Actual Outcome ◽  
Insulin Dependent

AbstractAn educational model is presented that stresses the importance of the interaction between individual characteristics and intentional educational influences on outcome variation. This model is exemplified by an interventional study of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who, despite long-term conventional medical treatment, had been unable to achieve satisfactory hemoglobin Aic levels. Treatment modes and their importance for understanding variations in outcomes are discussed from the interactional perspective suggested in the model.

scholarly journals Dimensions of Social Diversity in Europe

2019 ◽  
pp. 283-297
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Szewior
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
National Economies

The aim of the publication is to learn the dimensions of social differentiation by applying socioeconomic indicators, as well as to indicate the importance of economic and social conditions as the leading factors in building the social order of national states and the European Union. The main research question concerned the issue whether and under what conditions it is possible to achieve improvement in the level of social cohesion? The experience and knowledge allow to assume that the most important in achieving social and economic cohesion are: the level of economic development and socio-political consensus regarding the distribution and circulation of social goods, rather than the model of national social policy. The adopted assumption was verified, confirmed the dominant role of the social contract, the scope of social solidarism and the developed GDP. These elements determine social development and determine the competitive advantage of national economies. In view of the weakness of institutions and EU-wide solutions, they consolidate the multidimensional disproportions between European societies. The analysis is based on research methods of politics and social policy. Statistical data was provided by national and EU institutions.

Festivals’ social impacts and emotional solidarity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-253
Author(s):  
Nisan Yozukmaz ◽  
Serkan Bertan ◽  
Serap Alkaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Local People ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Educational Benefits ◽  
Emotional Solidarity

PurposeInteractions between local people and guests/visitors are the main elements of tourism experience. And local festivals, considered as a significant part of festival tourism, are quite important in this context. Though many studies have been conducted about interaction between local residents and guests tourists, emotional solidarity remains as a concept which has not yet been studied much in tourism literature on local festivals. The aim of this study is to examine emotional solidarity in tourism festival literature and to determine the relationships between perceptions of local people related to social impacts of festivals and emotional solidarity they feel for guests/visitors.Design/methodology/approachIn line with this purpose, a quantitative approach was adopted, and 19th weaving, culture and handicrafts festival held in Buldan was chosen to be studied as it is an important festival for local people dwelling in Buldan, Denizli province located in Aegean Region in Turkey. The study data were obtained through questionnaire method conducted with Buldan residents during the 19th festival (June, 28th–30th, 2019). The sample was determined with random sampling method.FindingsThe data were analyzed via factor and regression analyses. As a result of factor analysis, social impacts of the festivals were grouped under 6 factors (under 3 subfactors of social benefits: communal benefits, cultural–educational benefits, social unity benefits; under 3 subfactors of social costs: concerns related to social resources, concerns related to life quality and concerns related to social order).Practical implicationsLocal people's perceptions of social impacts of festivals must be determined in order to find their impacts on emotional solidarity, and deficiencies must be remedied. Local governments who organize festivals to invigorate local economies usually try to attract more visitors with the purpose of maximizing economic impacts of festivals, and this is done without placing much importance on the social problems and social change that may arise in the future (Crandall, 1994).Originality/valueRelationships were determined between emotional solidarity and residents' perceptions towards social and cultural–educational benefits as well as their concerns related to social resources and life quality.

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