scholarly journals BOOK REVIEW : PANCASILA DASAR NEGARA PARIPURNA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Raisza Putri ◽  
Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin
Keyword(s):  
Millennial Generation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
State And Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Life ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Right

Book Pancasila Dasar Negara Paripurna is the work of Prof. Dr. Tukiran Taniredja, MM and Prof. Dr. Suyahmo, M.Si. that was written to commemorate and make all Indonesian people aware of the importance of Pancasila as the basis of life of the nation, state, and society. In addition, this book is intended to complete Pancasila as the permanent foundation of the state for the Indonesian nation. This book is presented so that the Indonesian people, especially the millennial generation, can continue the life of the Indonesian people per the precepts of the Pancasila and apply life with Pancasila values as the basis of the Indonesian state. This book was also prepared with the aim of anticipating several phenomena and new ideologies that has entered Indonesia that are incompatible with the Pancasila Ideology after the Reformation Era. Pancasila as the foundation of a complete state should not be forgotten. The current millennial generation is more interested in ideologies from foreign countries that are not following the basis of our country, so this is an important reminder for the millennial generation of the impacts of these foreign ideologies. This book also contains a lot about the 1945 Constitution which hopes that the Indonesian people remember the regulations in it and do not conflict with these regulations.Book Pancasila Dasar Negara Paripurna is aimed at all Indonesian people, especially the millennial generation, who are the generation that will preserve the values of Pancasila. Due to the development of the times, the millennial generation has forgotten the Pancasila ideology as the basis of the Indonesian state. Pancasila now seems to be only a small part of the history of the Indonesian nation because many people do not follow the values of Pancasila and choose other ideologies. In democratic and political life, many people today make Pancasila the fault of all the problems and failures of national and state life. If Pancasila is interpreted and implemented correctly, Pancasila is a solution to the problems and failure of the state in carrying out Indonesian constitutionality.Information about the importance of Pancasila in state, social and national life is presented in a very complete manner. Pancasila is the basis of the state which still cannot be changed or replaced by other ideologies. Apart from being irreversible, Pancasila is the right ideology for Indonesia because the values in Pancasila reflect the customs and culture of the Indonesian people. Pancasila is suitable for a pluralistic society. Indonesia consists of islands that vary from Sabang to Merauke. From these islands, there are significant differences. However, the existence of Pancasila makes it easier for the Indonesian nation to unite and respect each other's differences. In addition, Pancasila is considered the right ideology because Pancasila is the basis for Indonesian society to solve state problems. Pancasila also has high values of democracy and justice, therefore a democratic society that values of human rights can be implemented more easily.The book has many benefits and this review is important. This is because the millennial generation today are increasingly contradicting and forgetting the Pancasila ideology. This book is presented with relevant purposes to overcome the problems of state, national and social life in this era of development. The noble values of Pancasila, which have been forgotten and lost from state life, are beginning to require the revitalization and actualization of Pancasila to be achieved as well as possible. All Indonesian people and millennial generation need to know and interpret Pancasila properly from an early age so that they can continue their constitutional life following the country's foundation, the nation's outlook on life, and the complete national personality.

ROLE OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL SYSTEM IN MODERN RUSSIA: CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Vitaly Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
History Of

This scientific work was written because the theme of political parties is interesting to me. The reason for my interest in political parties is the relevance of this legal institution. As stated at the outset, it is the political parties that determine the political life of the state, and hence the economic and social life of the country. The purpose of my research is to study the degree of influence of political parties on the economy and social life, in the study of the essence of the influence of political parties on the life of the state. The scientific work examines the history of the emergence and development of political parties in Russia. In scientific work political parties of the Russian Federation, political parties of Latvia are considered, compared and correlated. Political systems of two different countries are compared and correlated. The purpose of this analysis is to identify the General rules and principles of development and existence of political parties.

Manzhou yuanliu kao and the Formalization of the Manchu Heritage

1987 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Kyle Crossley
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Traditions

During the Qianlong period (1736–95) in China, knowledge of Manchu origins, much of which had been of a folk or informal character, was given documentary institutionalization—that is, incorporation into the Qing (1636–1912) imperial cultural mosaic by the act of writing something official about it. Much but by no means all of Manchu civilization was derived from Jurchen culture (tenth–seventeenth centuries), which was primarily a folk culture in which oral tradition, shamanic ritual, and clan custom were the mainstays of orderly social life. Inseparable from those folk traditions were elements of tribal rule that affected political life in many ways in the Later Jin (1616–35) and early Qing periods. To the extent that Manchu society retained the archaic forms through the Qing era, the folk heritage was brought into conflict with the political institutions and classical traditions of conquered China, especially the emperorship. The history of the Qing court and its relation to the Manchus may be viewed as the aggregate of the processes by which the dynasty attempted to resolve this conflict through formalization of the old culture. In its political aspects this meant the progressive bureaucratization, regulation, and depersonalization of the state in displacement of the personal, diffused authority that had once been vested by tradition in the clans and confederations. In its cultural and ideological facets, it meant the documentation of descent, myth, clan history, and shamanic practice; what had once been various and mystically obscure was now made visible, manageable, and standard.

scholarly journals ARTISTIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STATE AND THE PERSON IN OSSETIAN LITERATURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
Р.Я. ФИДАРОВА
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Feudal Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Social Entities ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

Человек и государство тесно взаимосвязаны. Антропологическая ориентация государства развивается исторически. Само государство зародилось на заре политической истории человечества, в эпоху рабовладения или в феодальном обществе, как у алан-осетин, и тогда же формируется первый этап взаимосвязей человека и государства. Процесс становления социально-исторических связей человека и государства на первом этапе обусловлен своеобразием формирующегося государства. Оно состояло из двух социальных образований: из господствующих классов и из низших слоев. Соответственно отношение государства к ним было разное. Государство отстаивало социально-политический статус господствующего класса, чьи интересы оно и обслуживало, утверждая позиции данного класса. В целом государство так или иначе регулировало отношения между людьми. Новый этап во взаимосвязях человека и государства начался в эпоху капитализма, со становлением товарно-денежных отношений. Обусловлен он был объективными обстоятельствами жизни осетин, когда существенно изменились общественное бытие и общественное сознание. Изменился и человек, субъект общественной жизни. Если в эпоху феодализма государство составляли господствующие и зависимые субъекты, то в XIX в. на арену истории вышел класс буржуазии, появилась интеллигенция, вышедшая не только из буржуазии, но и из низших слоев. Данное обстоятельство существенно меняло, обогащало функции государства, и предъявляло к нему определенные требования. Скажем, требование быть политическим по характеру, т.е. решать политические задачи и обращать внимание на каждого человека, гражданина. По-другому сказывались отношения между человеком и государством в советскую эпоху. С одной стороны, целью своей оно ставило всестороннее и гармоничное развитие советского человека, с другой, – во всех сферах жизни укреплялось жесткое партийное руководство. В результате происходили серьезные трансформации во взаимоотношениях человека и государства. Значительно активизировались процессы демократизации общественно-политической жизни, что в итоге привело к распаду Советского государства. Осетинская литература, верная своему родовому свойству отражать правдиво социальную действительность, реалистически раскрыла все этапы становления взаимосвязей человека и государства. Person and state are closely interconnected. The anthropological orientation of the state develops historically. The state itself arose at the dawn of the political history of mankind, in the era of slavery or in a feudal society, like among the Alan-Ossetians, and at the same time the first stage of the relationship between man and the state was formed. The process of the formation of socio-historical ties between a person and the state at the first stage is due to the originality of the emerging state. It consisted of two social entities: the ruling classes and the lower strata. Accordingly, the attitude of the state towards them was different. The state defended the socio-political status of the ruling class, whose interests it served, asserting the position of this class. In general, the state somehow regulated relations between people. A new stage in the relationship between man and state began in the era of capitalism, with the formation of commodity-money relations. It was conditioned by the objective circumstances of the life of the Ossetians, when social life and social consciousness changed significantly. The person, the subject of social life, has also changed. If in the era of feudalism the state was made up of dominant and dependent subjects, then in the 19th century the bourgeois class entered the arena of history, an intelligentsia appeared, emerging not only from the bourgeoisie, but also from the lower strata. This circumstance significantly changed, enriched the functions of the state, and made certain demands on it. Let's say the requirement to be political in nature, i.e. solve political problems and pay attention to every person, citizen. The relationship between man and state in the Soviet era had a different effect. On the one hand, it set its goal the all-round and harmonious development of Soviet people, on the other hand, tough party leadership was strengthened in all spheres of life. As a result, serious transformations took place in the relationship between a person and the state. The processes of democratization of social and political life became much more active, which ultimately led to the collapse of the Soviet state. Ossetian literature, true to its generic property to reflect truthfully social reality, realistically revealed all the stages of the formation of the relationship between man and state. Ключевые слова: государство, человек, осетинская литература, роман, повесть, рассказ, герой, характер.

scholarly journals Book Review : Sejarah Organisasi Perempuan Indonesia (1928-1998) (History of Indonesian Women's Organizations (1928-1998))

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenti Nur Azizah ◽  
Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin
Keyword(s):  
Millennial Generation ◽  
Women's Movement ◽  
Book History ◽  
Women's Organizations ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
Women’S Organizations

The book "The History of Indonesian Women's Organizations (1928-1998)" has the aim of showing how the social and political history of the Indonesian women's movement, as time has gone by, the times have been punctured by the times. Apart from that, this book also shows the various issues that were raised, debated, and fought for in different historical contexts and the actors who played a role in the Indonesian women's movement. By showing these two things, readers can have a broad understanding of the Indonesian women's movement.This book is intended for the millennial generation so that they know how the Indonesian women's movement is. Why is that? Because this book deliberately took a very long period of time, namely in the span of seventy years (1928-1998). So that readers, especially the millennial generation, can imagine what happened at that time.History writing about the Indonesian women's movement has been done by many scientists, but in the book "History of Indonesian Women's Organization (1928-1998)" has a difference, namely using detailed references to reliable sources and coverage of a very long historical period. In addition, this book provides information on how the priority of the issues under debate reflected the political context in different historical periods.This book needs to be reviewed because the content in the book is very interesting so that it can be dissected in depth. The author of the book has been doing research for at least the last ten years, it is also interesting why you need to review the book because the author made this book with a long struggle.

Neither Civilian nor Combatant: Weaponised Spaces and Spatialised Bodies in Cizre

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-94
Author(s):  
Haydar Darıcı ◽  
Serra Hakyemez
Keyword(s):  
Political Life ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Government ◽  
Turkish State ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Kurdish Conflict ◽  
Self Defence

What kind of work does the categorical distinction between combatant and civilian do in the interplay of the necropolitics and biopower of the Turkish state? This paper focuses on a time period (2015-2016) in the history of the Kurdish conflict when that distinction was no longer operable as the war tactics of the Kurdish movement shifted from guerrilla attacks of hit and run in the mountains to the self-defence of residents in urban centres. It reveals the limit of inciting compassion through the figure of civilian who is assumed to entertain a pre-political life that is directed towards mere survival. It also shows how the government reconstructs the dead bodies using forensics and technoscience in order to portray what is considered by Kurdish human rights organizations civilians as combatants exercising necroresistance. As long as the civilian-combatant distinction remains and serves as the only episteme of war to defend the right to life, the state is enabled to entertain not only the right to kill, but also to turn the dead into the perpetrators of their own killing. Finally, this paper argues that law and violence, on the one hand, and the right to life and the act of killing on the other, are not two polar opposites but are mutually constitutive of each other in the remaking of state sovereignty put in crisis by the Kurdish movement's self-defence practices.

Turkish Industrial Relations at the Crossroads: Revisiting the History of Industrial Relations in the Early Post World War Two Period

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 151-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didem Özkiziltan ◽  
Aziz Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Critical Juncture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Critical Account ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe 1961 constitutional reform in Turkey recognized the right to strike and granted other rights and freedoms related to the collective actions of labor. Conventional wisdom holds that Turkish trade unions became independent of the state power with class-based interests only after this reform. Across mainstream literature, this is considered, in historical institutionalist terms, as the first critical juncture in Turkey's industrial relations. This paper provides a critical account of the institutional continuity, development, and change that took place in Turkey's industrial relations starting from its establishment as a republic in 1923 until the end of the 1950s, by considering the socioeconomic and legal-political environment during these years. Considering the historical evidence employed, and under historical institutionalism, it is argued that the first critical juncture in the country's industrial relations occurred in 1947, when the ruling cliques permitted the establishment of trade unions. In this paper, it is purported that the consensus reached by the trade unions on the necessity of the right to strike from the mid-1950s onwards initiated a peaceful class struggle between Turkish labor and the state, which gradually steered the industrial relations toward the second critical juncture following the promulgation of the 1961 constitution.

Karl Renner and the Politics of Accommodation: Moderation versus Revenge

1991 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 35-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Loewenberg
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
World War ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
First Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Karl Renner's political life encompasses the history of Austria's empire and her two twentieth-century republics, making him the foremost leader of Austrian democratic politics. Renner was also the most innovative theoretician on the nationalities question which plagued the Habsburg monarchy and the twentieth-century world. He was chancellor of Austria's first republic, leader of the right-wing Social Democrats, and president of the post-World War II Second Republic. A study of his life and politics offers a perspective on the origins of the moderate, adaptive, political personality and on the tension between ideology and accommodation to the point where it is difficult to determine what core of principle remained.

Discussant

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Natalia Sadomskaya
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Interesting Article ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Prague Spring ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Problems

I'll start with culture. Today we have been speaking principally about culture in the republics. I would like to address the common problems facing the post-Soviet republics. I agree with Edward Allworth that there is a crisis or trauma not only for the national intellectuals, but for intellectuals as a whole. This is especially a trauma for intellectuals who were supported by the state. They had very comfortable lives inside the institutes and the cultural unions. Now these privileges are disappearing. Previously intellectuals’ lives were characterized by a kind of self-adoration of their positions, of their purity, of their disengagement from political life, and this stance is now also in crisis. Recently, I read a very interesting article which said that today nobody wants to engage in the escapist literature that was once so popular. Nobody wants to hear about themes of history, of Egypt, the Silver Age, and so on because politics is now the hot topic in cultural life. A similar situation occurred in the Prague Spring, and we know that the results in this case were very fruitful. Havel, who was a very sophisticated journal writer, became a very contemporary, very active, and essential writer. And I consider this crisis, this struggle of intellectuals, a good sign. The people who will survive will be those whom other people read. Conversely, Chengiz Aitmatov, who was long a friend of the national struggle, who made a name for himself as a writer concerned with conditions in Kirgizia, and who was a defender of the national traditions, now prefers to be Ambassador to Luxembourg. While I was very surprised by this, this is also typical of the struggle to which I refer. Secondly, as Professor Allworth noted, it is true that Kazakh leaders

The History of the Department of State IX

1912 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-148
Author(s):  
Timothy Pickering ◽  
William R. Day ◽  
Wm. H. Taft ◽  
Elihu Root ◽  
Gaillard Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Department Of State ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Special Circumstances

The highest duty of an American diplomatic or consular officer is to protect citizens of the United States in lawful pursuit of their affairs in foreign countries. The document issued in authentication of the right to such protection is the passport.Broadly speaking, the Department issues two kinds of passports — those for citizens and those for persons who are not citizens. Citizens’ passports are ordinary and special; aliens’ passports are for travel in the United States and for qualified protection abroad of those who have taken the first steps to become American citizens.The citizen’s passport is the only document issued by the Department of State to authenticate the citizenship of an American going abroad. The Act of August 18, 1856, makes the issuance to one who is not a citizen a penal offense if it is committed by a consular officer. Before this law was passed the Department did not issue the document to aliens; but it was permitted to this government’s agents abroad sometimes to issue it to others than American citizens. The Personal Instructions to the Diplomatic Agents of the United States of 1853 said: They sometimes receive applications for such passports from citizens of other countries; but these are not regularly valid, and should be granted only under special circumstances, as may sometimes occur in the case of foreigners coming to the United States.

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