scholarly journals Do Creative Industries Generate Multiplier Effects? Evidence from UK Cities, 1997-2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Gutierrez-Posada ◽  
Tasos Kitsos ◽  
Max Nathan ◽  
Massimiliano Nuccio
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Employment Change ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Urban Economic Development ◽  
Urban Employment ◽  
Urban Amenities ◽  
Multiplier Effects

The creative industries have received much attention from economic geographers and others, both for their propensity to co-locate in urban settings and their potential to drive urban economic development. However, evidence on the latter is surprisingly sparse. In this paper we explore the long-term, causal impacts of the creative industries on surrounding urban economies. Adapting Moretti’s local multipliers framework, we build a new 20-year panel of UK cities, using fixed effects and a historic instrument to identify effects on non-creative firms and employment. We find that each creative job generates at least 1.9 non-tradable jobs between 1998 and 2018: this is associated with creative business services employees’ local spending, rather than visitors to urban amenities such as galleries and museums. We do not find the same effects for workplaces, and find no causal evidence for spillovers from creative activity to other tradable sectors, findings consistent with descriptive evidence on the increasing concentration of creative industries in a small number of cities. Given the small numbers of creative jobs in most cities, however, the overall effect size of the creative multiplier is small, and shapes only a small part of non-tradable urban employment change. Overall, our results suggest creative economy-led policies for cities can have positive – albeit partial – local economic impacts.

scholarly journals The effects of the cultural and creative sector on employment and wages: the case of rio grande do sul, brazil, from 2000 to 2010

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Judite Sanson De Bem ◽  
Nelci Maria Richter Giacomini
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Productive Structure ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Cultural Sector

the 1960s when resources became scarce and the choices of what to finance started to be questioned. From the viewpoint of economy, in some regions, the cultural sector exhibits impacts at a higher rate than the rest of the economy. One of the impacts is the performance of the variable “employment” and its multiplier effects. In fact, the different segments that constitute the sector of creative economy offer several different possibilities to develop highly skilled activities. By using primary data from the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MTE)/Annual Social Information Report (RAIS)/General Registry of Employed and Unemployed Individuals (CAGED), the aim of this paper is to discuss the importance of the activities that comprise the creative industries, with a specific focus on the State of Rio Grande do Sul regarding job generation and wages between 2000 and 2010. During the period studied, it was observed that both employment as well as wages decreased in the creative sector, a consequence of the crisis at the end of the 2000s, as well as of the growth of other segments that was more intense than those related to creativity. It is noteworthy that there is room for different creative segments to increase in participation in the productive structure of the State.

Creative economy: Towards cultural heritage capitalization

2017 ◽  
pp. 100-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Abankina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Cultural Heritage Preservation

The paper analyzes trends in the development of the creative economy in Russia and estimates the export potential of the Russian creative industries. The author demonstrates that modern concepts of cultural heritage preservation focus on increasing the efficiency of its use and that building creative potential and systematic support of the creative industries are becoming a key task of the strategic development of regions and municipalities in the post-industrial era.

scholarly journals Cultural and Creative Cities and Regional Economic Efficiency: Context Conditions as Catalyzers of Cultural Vibrancy and Creative Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7150
Author(s):  
Silvia Cerisola ◽  
Elisa Panzera
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Creative Cities ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
Holistic Conception ◽  
Panel Fixed Effects ◽  
The Impact

Following the hype that has been given to culture and creativity as triggers and enhancers of local economic performance in the last 20 years, this work originally contributes to the literature with the objective of assessing the impact of cultural and creative cities (CCCs) on the economic output of their regions. In this sense, the cultural and creative character of cities is considered a strategic strength and opportunity that can spillover, favoring the economic system of the entire regions in which the cities are located. Through an innovative methodology that exploits a regional production function estimated by a panel fixed effects model, the effect of cities’ cultural vibrancy and creative economy on the output of their regions is econometrically explored. The data source is the Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor (CCCM) provided by the JRC, which also allows the investigation of the possible role played by the enabling environment in catalyzing the action of cultural vibrancy and creative economy. The results are thoroughly examined: especially through cultural vibrancy, CCCs strategically support the output of their region. This is particularly the case when local context conditions—such as human capital and education, openness, tolerance and trust, and quality of governance—catalyze their effect. Overall, CCCs contribute to feeding a long-term self-supporting system, interpreted according to a holistic conception that includes economic, social, cultural, and environmental domains.

scholarly journals Mechanism Underlying the Formation of Virtual Agglomeration of Creative Industries: Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1637
Author(s):  
Xu Chen ◽  
Chunhong Liu ◽  
Changchun Gao ◽  
Yao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Network Collaboration ◽  
Geographical Space

Industrial agglomeration serves as an effective model for developing the creative economy and manifests itself as the interdependence of creative subjects in geographical space. The traditional methods of resource agglomeration have undergone tremendous changes due to the development of digital technology. These transformations have given birth to a new organizational form of the virtual agglomeration of creative industries. The present work uses field interviews and grounded theoretical research methods to construct a theoretical model of this new organizational phenomenon. Questionnaire surveys and empirical testing using structural equation models are here combined to systematically analyze the formation mechanism of the virtual agglomeration of creative industries. The results show that digital technology, virtual platforms, digital creative talents, digitization of cultural resources, and government policies have driven the formation of the virtual agglomeration of creative industries. This has been achieved through network collaboration, freedom of participation, and trust guarantee mechanisms. The effect of emerging consumer demand on the virtual agglomeration of creative industries is not significant. In addition, the implications of this research are also considered and discussed.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGIES IN CREATIVE ECONOMY AND CREATIVE SOCIETY

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas KAČERAUSKAS
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Media ◽  
The One ◽  
Media And Communication

The article deals with issues of technologies in the environment of creative economy and creative society, mostly focusing on the following topics: 1) invasion of technologies, which is accompanied by technical illiteracy or simplification of intellection presupposed by a certain technique (e.g. computers); 2) new technologies emerge in the environment dominated by consumption in order to boost consumption; 3) political, media and communication technologies are intertwined to the extent that allows us to speak about the technologized society; 4) technologies are inseparable from creative activities: on the one hand, development of technologies needs creativity, on the other hand, every branch of creative industries needs certain technologies; 5) technologic development is conditioned by their syncretism, i.e. their ability to serve the art (technē) of life and creative intentions; 6) in the creative society, happiness does not depend on constantly upgraded (i.e. consumed) technologies but is rather possible in spite of them; 7) unlimitedness is the greatest limitation of global technologies: unconnected with any existential region, they billow in the wind of ever newer technologies.

scholarly journals INDUSTRY REVOLUTION 4.0 : STRENGHTHENING THE CREATIVE ECONOMY SECTORS THROUGH BEKRAF IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 84-108
Author(s):  
I Wayan Aditya Harikesa
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Economic Foundation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Right ◽  
Medium Enterprises

President Joko Widodo or Jokowi has made a great leap in enhancing Indonesia�s Small Medium Enterprises (SME)s and the country�s overall creative industries by establishing a new non ministerial institution called Badan Ekonomi Kreatif (BEKRAF) or the Creative Economy Agency. The BEKRAF, established under the Presidential Regulation Number 6 of 2015 issued on January 20, 2015, is responsible for accelerating the development of creative economy in Indonesia. Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have been playing crucial roles for generating economic progresses as well as social inclusion in Indonesia. Among the most important and worthy of priority is the country�s creative economy. The existence of BEKRAF will enhance close cooperation between the government, SMEs players and related economic stakeholders. This paper aims to assess the concept of �Creative Industries,� as a boundary concept that allows for increased co-operation between players and the generally opposing knowledge concepts�as reflected in their respective knowledge and cultural politics. Indonesia has great potential in terms of economic growth. In 2015, Indonesia�s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) rocketed to 4.79 percent, far above the previous expectation of only 2.4 percent. This encouraging climate is indeed the right moment for the government to strengthen the country�s economic foundation particularly in the real economic sector. Hence, BEKRAF has a vision to build Indonesia as one of the world�s great economic powers in the field of creative economy by 2030. This issue will be discussed comprehensively in the final part of the paper.

scholarly journals CREATIVE ECONOMY IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF CROATIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 21-37
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Creative Industry ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The People ◽  
The Republic

Creative economy is one of the most propulsive sectors, which share in global economy as well as national ones continuously grows (Jones et al., 2016). Within the territory of 28 EU member states it participates with 4.5% of GDP and employs 3.8% of total workforce (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 2017). Axis of creative economy development is made of cultural and creative industries that are generators of new technologies, innovation and media. This paper analyses cultural and creative industry in the Republic of Croatia, as well as their role in economic and social development of the country. Cultural and creative industry (CCI) are directed towards highly educated workforce of tertiary education, digital society and 4.0 Globalisation. People employed in CCI in the Republic of Croatia are at the EU average with 3.6% of total workforce (2017) and with 50% of employed with tertiary education (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 2017). CCI are important in expressing identity of the people but they are also an engine of economic growth (HKKI, 2015).

scholarly journals Long-term time-course of strength adaptation to minimal dose resistance training: Retrospective longitudinal growth modelling of a large cohort through training records

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Steele ◽  
James Fisher ◽  
Jürgen Giessing ◽  
Patroklos Androulakis-Korakakis ◽  
Milo Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Minimal Growth ◽  
Minimal Effective Dose ◽  
Minimal Dose

Objective: Public health guidelines for resistance training typically emphasize a minimal effective dose approach. The intention for such guidelines is that individuals engage in these behaviors over the long-term. However, relatively few studies have examined the longitudinal time-course of strength adaptations to resistance training and those which have typically utilize small samples and/or athletic populations. Further, no studies have employed approaches to incorporate participant level random factors into modelling. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the time-course of strength development resulting from continued participation in minimal dose resistance training in a large sample through retrospective training records. Methods: Data was available for analysis from 14,690 participants who had undergone minimal dose resistance training (1x/week, single sets to momentary failure of six exercises) with records ranging up to 352 weeks (~6.8 years) in length. Linear-log growth models examining the development of strength over time were fit allowing random intercepts and slopes by participant. In addition, the interaction of sex and age were examined as fixed effects. Results: All models demonstrated a robust linear-log relationship which on the untransformed time scale clearly demonstrated the presence of a plateau in strength development around ~1 year into training after which strength was essentially maintained with minimal growth. Sex and age had minimal interaction effects. Conclusions: Substantial strength gains are possible with the use of a minimal dose resistance training approach. Though, these begin to plateau after ~1 year of training with little impact from sex or age on the emergence of this plateau. It is unclear if this plateau can be overcome through alternative approaches. Considering this, our results support public health recommendations for minimal dose resistance training to induce and maintain strength adaptations in adults.

scholarly journals Influence of COVID-19 on creative industries

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Yulia O. Glushkova ◽  
◽  
Anastasia V. Vasina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. This study analyzes the impact of the new COVID-19 coronavirus infection on the creative industries in the Russian Federation, as well as finding solutions to support this area in the context of the pandemic. Theoretical analysis. Since the latest imperatives of the current world processes dictate the need for structural changes in the state economic activity, the actual principle of the economic activity organization can be called the creative industries concept development, which include industries related to the creation of a certain cultural or creative product, IT-sphere, fashion and design, advertising and marketing products, as well as folk art and craft. Due to the relevance of the creative industries development, modern research on the theory of creative economy development pays great attention to the study of the specifics of this activity and ways to improve it. The article provides a theoretical analysis of the crisis in the creative industries, as well as a detailed analysis of the opportunities and threats of the crisis. Empirical analysis. Based on the analysis of the activities of companies in the creative industries, the authors of the article identify opportunities for the development of companies in the creative sphere in terms of economic and social efficiency. New trends in the transformation of business processes in various fields (theatre, film industry, music, exhibition and Museum activities) are considered. Results. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the urgent tasks in the situation of forced quarantine measures are the timely transformation of creative industries with the use of information technologies, the transition to online areas of interaction with consumers, as well as state support for creative industries most affected by the crisis.

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