scholarly journals Anxiety and depression in pregnant women amid COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Pravin Shrestha ◽  
Vibha Mahato ◽  
Anil Subedi ◽  
Shipra Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
P Value ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Hospital Patients

Background: COVID-19 has become a global pandemic. It has affected the psychological condition of pregnant women. Aims and Objective: This study aims to assess prevalence of depression and anxiety in pregnancy during COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The current study was an observational, cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Manipal Teaching Hospital. Patients were assessed using Nepali version of Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for anxiety and depression respectively. Result: There were total of 115 patients in this study. The prevalence of anxiety according to BAI was 39.1%. The prevalence of depression according to BDI was 19%. There was a statistically significant difference in rate of anxiety according to maternal age (p value 0.028). Anxiety was higher in women less than 20 years of age. Anxiety symptoms were more prevalent i.e., 44.6% in third trimester followed by 31.4% in second trimester and 29.4% in first trimester. Symptoms of depression was higher in women more than 35 years of age (27.2%) and in second trimester of pregnancy (27.2%). Conclusion: Antenatal anxiety and depression are important issues because it impacts both maternal wellbeing and fetal health. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among pregnant women during COVID 19 pandemic was studied. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 39.1% and 19% respectively.

scholarly journals Serum Magnesium Levels among Pregnant Women with and without Complications: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhini Gopalakrishnan Sethulekshmi ◽  
S Sumathy ◽  
Banani Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Student’S T

Introduction: Pregnancy is a period that is characterised by remarkable physiological changes which are needed to support the growing fetus. Micronutrients play a crucial role in the maintenance of pregnancy. Among the micronutrients, magnesium has got ample amount of clinical relevance to pregnancy. Magnesium deficiency has been associated with reproductive risk during pregnancy such as anaemia, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, fetal growth retardation, preterm labour, low intrauterine growth rate and leg cramps. Aim: To find out whether there was significant difference in the magnesium levels among pregnant women with and without pregnancy related complications and also to find out whether the magnesium levels differed significantly among the three trimesters. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done among 240 pregnant patients from different trimesters attending the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Department. Out of them 164 women had complications like pre-eclampsia, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, leg cramps and history of abortions. Demographic details were obtained from all the women. BMI was calculated for each subject using the formula BMI=weight(kg)/height(m2). Haemoglobin was assessed in all samples using cyanmethaemoglobin method. Magnesium levels were analysed in the all samples using automated analyser in the Biochemistry laboratory. Student’s t-test was used to compare the levels of magnesium among the groups with and without complications. ANOVA test was used to compare the three trimesters. Results: The pregnant women were divided into three groups based on the different trimesters in which the samples were taken. Magnesium levels among the women in the first trimester were (2.96±0.83) second trimester (2.99±1.48) and third trimester (3.05±1.48) respectively. Women with previous abortions were found to have less magnesium levels (2.71) compared to women without a history of abortion (3.11) and value was found to be statistically significant (p<0.007) and magnesium levels among vegetarians (2.45) were lower than non vegetarians (3.08) and it was found to be statistical significant (p<0.013). There was no significant difference in the magnesium levels among pregnant women with complications and those without complications. Conclusion: The study shows the importance of maintaining the magnesium levels among pregnant women. There was no difference in the magnesium levels among the three trimesters. Study also points out the influence of parity, diet and occupation of pregnant women on the levels of magnesium.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Depression among Antenatal Women in Sriperumbudur, Chennai

2021 ◽  
pp. 347-354
Author(s):  
Jayashree Kannappan ◽  
Abhilash Kannappan ◽  
V. S. Prema Subathiraa ◽  
Shanthi Dinakaran ◽  
P. S. Jikki Kalaselvi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Background: Women are twice as likely as males to suffer from mood disorders, which tend to cluster around the childbearing years. Depression negatively influences maternal and neonatal outcomes. Objective: The objective of the study is to estimate the prevalence of depression in pregnant women aged 18 – 35 yrs and to identify predictors accounting for variability across estimates during pandemic. Methodology: This is a cross sectional study, conducted among 74 pregnant women coming for antenatal checkups in the Sriperumbudur, Chennai. Using height and weight values obtained from the sample, Body Mass Index (weight in kg/height in metre squares) was calculated. Hamilton – Depression Scale (HAM-d) was applied after initial psychiatry work up to all women who were selected for the interview. Mean of parameters were assessed and correlation value were calculated by Fisher’s exact test. The statistically significant P value was less than 0.05. Results: The sociodemographic variables have been found as significant contributors in explaining the variability of the prevalence rates of antenatal depression. It showed positive correlation between economic status and depression (p<0.05) and a negative correlation between obesity and depression (p>0.05). According to the findings, fewer than 1/3rd of pregnant women experience depression as a result of life circumstances such as economic crises in order to support their families. These were identified as significant associate variables (P>0.05). And also, this study identified insufficient socioeconomic assistance were more likely to experience multiple psychological discomfort [atleast 1] than women who got appropriate economic support. (r = -0.118, P < 0.001) Conclusion: In rural Tamilnadu, the prevalence of antenatal depression among women is significant. Antenatal Depression is caused by a number of circumstances, including physical, obstetric, economic, and family-related issues. To treat these antenatal depression risk factors, comprehensive therapies are required.

Anxiety and depression during pregnancy in the era of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha E. Khamees ◽  
Omima T. Taha ◽  
Tamer Yehia M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kuwait University ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate anxiety and depression in pregnant women during this global disease. Methods This was a cross-sectional study recruiting 120 pregnant women. The study was conducted at the outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital. We recruited women attending for antenatal care. Anxiety was evaluated using an Arabic validated Kuwait University Anxiety Scale (KUAS). Depression was evaluated using a validated Arabic form of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Results The study included 48 (40%) nulliparous and 72 (60%) multiparous women. The mean KUAS scores for nulliparous and multiparous women were 45.27±10.78 and 47.28±10.62. Both nulliparous and multiparous women had a fairly high possibility of depression. Fifty-three (44.2%) of them reported scores ≥ of 14. Ninety-three (77.5%) women thought that COVID-19 pandemic would affect their pregnancies. There was a significant association between the number of women reporting fear related to the COVID-19 pandemic and their KUAS and EPDS scores (p-value <0.001 each). Conclusions COVID-19 affected the mental health of pregnant women to a great extent. Care should be directed to measures that would decrease the impact of this pandemic on vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals Detection rate of fetal CNS anomalies by first and second trimester ultrasound screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Ultrasound Screening ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Cns Anomalies

Objectives: The aim of this study was to detect CNS abnormalities in the first and second trimester by ultrasound. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on pregnant women who referred to the radiology department of Imam Reza and Valiasr hospitals in Tehran-Iran during 2019-2020. After obtaining informed consent, pregnant women were screened in the first trimester at week 13-13 and then in the second trimester at week 18-20 by a 5-8 MHz Ultrasound Transducer. Each ultrasound included examination of the fetal brain and vertebrae at the axial coronal and sagittal planes in the most important anatomical areas, including the trans-thalamic (TT) or the trans-ventricular (TV) plane, transverse cerebellar, and vertebral canal plan. Ultrasound of the first and second trimesters of all mothers was performed. Information of all pregnant mothers was collected and recorded. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25. Results: In this study, 2234 pregnant women were included in the study. The total rate of detected anomalies was found to be 1.3%. The rate of abnormalities detected in the first trimester was far less than in the second trimester. The prevalence of CNS anomalies in the population under 30 years of age was also found 0.9%, while it was 1.6% in the population over 30 years of age. Conclusion: Second-trimester ultrasound is the method of choice in diagnosing central nervous system abnormalities. However, first-trimester ultrasound is the diagnostic method for structural abnormalities of the skull.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Kunjungan Pertama Ibu Hamil Berdasarkan Usia di Poskesdes Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Gunungsari Kabupaten Lombok Barat

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusniyati Utami ◽  
Irni Setyawati
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
P Value ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

The West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Health Office (2017) mentions the number of maternal mortality from 2015 to 2017 continues to decrease, from 95 cases to 85 cases. Maternal mortality during pregnancy can be prevented by antenatal care by health workers in accordance with the frequency of antenatal visits a minimum of four times. The first visit is carry out at a gestational age of the mother <16 weeks (Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2013), but still found pregnant women who made the first antenatal visit in the second trimester and even the third trimester.The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in first visit of pregnant women by age in the Poskesdes working area of the UPTD Puskesmas Gunungsari.This study used a cross-sectional analytic research design in eight Poskesdes in the working area of the UPTD Puskesmas Gunungsari, West Lombok district in November 2018 to January 2019. Samples were taken using a total sampling technique of 1042 people.Secondary data was collected from the maternal cohort register in eight Poskesdes in the UPTD Puskesmas Gunungsari working area in the form of the age of the mother at the first visit and the age of the mother's pregnancy at the first visit. Data were processed univariately and bivariately using the chi-square test.There was a significant difference in the first visit of pregnant women between mothers aged <20 years, 20-35 years, and> 35 years as indicated by the p value of 0.00001 (<0.05). It is expected that midwives in Poskesdes will further enhance the role of cadres in capturing first trimester pregnant women especially those aged <20 years and> 35 years.

scholarly journals Comparison of ultrasonographic estimated fetal weight and actual birth weight.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1428-1432
Author(s):  
Summan Hameed ◽  
Zobia Saleem ◽  
Mehwish Rauf ◽  
Tayyaba Aslam ◽  
Aqsa Hafeez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Estimated Fetal Weight

Objective: To determine the accuracy of estimated fetal weight by ultrasound compared with actual birth weight. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Radiology, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Period: September 2017 to January 2018. Material & Methods: A sample of 139 pregnant women who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study Ultrasonography of full term pregnant women was performed to determine the comparison and accuracy with the actual weight of baby at birth. Results: In a sample of 139 pregnant women, the mean age was 27.8±4.2 years (with minimum age of 20 years and maximum age of 40 years). Ultrasonographic estimated fetal weight and actual birth weight was compared by using paired t-test. No significant difference was found between estimated fetal weight and actual birth weight with P-value 0.237. Conclusion: Ultrasound is highly sensitive, good, reliable, safe and accurate modality for estimation of fetal weight. There is no significant difference between fetal weight and actual birth weight.

scholarly journals Differences of Vitamin D Level in Non-pregnant Reproductive Age Women and First Trimester Pregnant Women

2019 ◽  
pp. 271-276
Author(s):  
Rizkar A. Sukarsa ◽  
Radiastomo S. Budi ◽  
Benny H. Purwara ◽  
Hanom H. Syam
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chemiluminescence Immunoassay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Objective: To compare vitamin D level in non-pregnantreproductive age women and first-trimester pregnant women. Methods: This was acomparative cross-sectional study. The vitamin D serum level of two groups, the first one wasnon-pregnantreproductive age women (18-35 years), and the second one was first-trimester pregnant women,was collected. Samples were examined by Electro Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) method. The study was conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital in February-April 2018. Results: The mean of vitamin D level in the non-pregnantreproductive age women group was 18.73 (6.93) ng/mL, while the first-trimester pregnant women group was 13.87 (4.04) ng/mL. The difference in mean of vitamin D level in both groups was significant with p-value<0.001. Conclusion: Vitamin D level in the non-pregnantreproductive age women group is higher than the first-trimester pregnant women group. Keywords: first-trimester pregnant women, non-pregnantreproductive-age women, vitamin D   Abstrak Tujuan: Membandingkan kadar vitamin D pada perempuan usia reproduksi tidak hamil danperempuan hamil trimester pertama sehingga dapat mencegah berbagai komplikasi kehamilan. Metode: Penelitian analitik komparatif potong lintang terhadap 60 perempuan yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, kelompok perempuan usia reproduksi tidak hamil (18-35 tahun) dan kelompok perempuan hamil trimester pertama. Pada kedua kelompok dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar vitamin D dengan metode Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA). Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin pada bulan Februari-April 2018.Data diproses menggunakan program SPSS versi 24.0. Hasil: Kadar vitamin D rata-rata pada kelompok perempuan usia reproduksi tidak hamil adalah 18,73 (6,93) ng/mL, sedangkan pada kelompok perempuan hamil trimester pertama adalah 13,87 (4,04) ng/mL. Perbedaan kadar rata-rata vitamin D pada kedua kelompok tersebut bermaka dengan nilai p<0,001. Kesimpulan: Kadar vitamin D pada kelompok perempuan usia reproduksi tidak hamil lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok perempuan hamil trimester pertama. Kata kunci: perempuan hamil trimester pertama, perempuan usia reproduksi tidak hamil, vitamin D

scholarly journals Antibiotic Prescriptions among China Ambulatory Care Visits of Pregnant Women: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Houyu Zhao ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Jiaming Bian ◽  
Siyan Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ambulatory Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fetal Safety ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Background: Antibiotic use in pregnant women at the national level has rarely been reported in China. Objectives: We aimed to investigate antibiotic prescriptions during pregnancy in ambulatory care settings in China. Methods: Data of 4,574,961 ambulatory care visits of pregnant women from October 2014 to April 2018 were analyzed. Percentages of Antibiotic prescriptions by different subgroups and various diagnosis categories and proportions of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for different subgroups were estimated. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pregnancy categories were used to describe the antibiotic prescription patterns. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Clopper––Pearson method or Goodman method. Results: Among the 4,574,961 outpatient visits during pregnancy, 2.0% (92,514 visits; 95% CI, 2.0–2.0%) were prescribed at least one antibiotic. The percentage of antibiotic prescriptions for pregnant women aged >40 years was 4.9% (95% CI, 4.7–5.0%), whereas that for pregnant women aged 26–30 years was 1.5% (95% CI, 1.4–1.5%). In addition, percentages of antibiotic prescriptions varied among different trimesters of pregnancy, which were 5.4% (95% CI, 5.3–5.4%) for the visits in the first trimester of pregnancy and 0.5% (95% CI, 0.4–0.5%) in the third trimester of pregnancy. Furthermore, the percentages of antibiotic prescriptions substantially varied among different diagnosis categories and nearly three-quarters of antibiotic prescriptions had no clear indications and thus might be inappropriate. In total, 130,308 individual antibiotics were prescribed; among these, 60.4% (95% CI, 60.0–60.8%) belonged to FDA category B, 2.7% (95% CI, 2.1–3.5%) were classified as FDA category D and 16.8% (95% CI, 16.2–17.4%) were not assigned any FDA pregnancy category. Conclusions: Antibiotic prescriptions in ambulatory care during pregnancy were not highly prevalent in mainland China. However, a substantial proportion of antibiotics might have been prescribed without adequate indications. Antibiotics whose fetal safety has not been sufficiently illustrated were widely used in pregnant women.

Safety climate and related factors in rehabilitation nurses of hospitals in Iran

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Javad vatani ◽  
Zahra Khanikosarkhizi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Shahabi Rabori ◽  
mohammad khandan ◽  
Mohsen aminizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Climate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
Safety Work ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
The Individual

BACKGROUND: Safety climate is a common insight of staff that indicates individuals’ attitudes toward safety and priority of safety at work. OBJECTIVES: Nursing is a risky job where paying attention to safety is crucial. The assessment of the safety climate is one of the methods to measure the safety conditions in this occupation. The aim of this study was to assess the safety climate of rehabilitation nurses working in hospitals in Tehran. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out on 140 rehabilitation nurses selected from all hospitals and clinics in Tehran in 2019. To collect the required data, a two-section questionnaire was used. The first section was related to demographic factors and the second part (22 statements) was to measure the safety climate using nurses’ safety climate assessment questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS V16 using independent t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test at the 5% level. RESULTS: Findings showed that the total mean of safety climate was 3.06±0.56. According to the results, a significant difference was found between the positive and negative satisfaction of nurses with safety climates (P-value = 0.03), communication with nurses (P-value = 0.01) and supervisors’ attitude (P-value = 0.02). Furthermore, a significant difference in safety climate between the individual with the second job and the individual without second could be observed (P-value = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that the safety climate was not at an acceptable level. Thus, it is essential to introduce safety training courses (e.g. safety, work-rest balance, and so on) and to improve the safety performance at work.

scholarly journals Depression and its associated factors among pregnant women in central Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510292098844
Author(s):  
Bao-Yen Luong-Thanh ◽  
Lan Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Linda Murray ◽  
Manuel Eisner ◽  
Sara Valdebenito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Quota Sampling

To date, little attention has been given to prenatal depression, especially in low and middle-income countries. The aim of this research was to assess the prevalence of depression and its associated factors amongst pregnant women in a central Vietnamese city. This cross-sectional study included 150 pregnant women from 29 to 40 weeks of gestation, from eight wards of Hue city, via quota sampling from February to May 2019. We employed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess depression. Findings suggest the need to provide routine screening of pregnant women in primary care for depressive symptoms and other mental health problems.

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