scholarly journals Water and Hydro Power

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
C. V.J. Varma
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Per Capita

Water is life and energy, basic human needs. The water supply and hydropower demand scenario for India for the year 2025 shows that 90% of the area of the country falls under the Physical Water Scarcity Group. While 500kWh/year per capita energy consumption is considered to be the minimum needed to ensure a quality of life, many developing countries consume less than 76 kWh/year. Hydropower is renewable clean energy and needs to be fully exploited. In Asia and Africa, there is a great opportunity for regional cooperation in development of water resources and hydropower with which to benefit cooperating countries.Key words: Water resources; Water scarcity; Regional cooperation; Per capita electricity consumption; Electricity production capacity; IndiaDOI: 10.3126/hn.v7i0.4228Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentVol 7, July, 2010Page: 17-19Uploaded date: 31 January, 2011

Calculation and Analysis of Water Footprint in Shunyi District of Beijing

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 964-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Ling Liu ◽  
Yu Xin Wang ◽  
Xiao Hui Mao
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Water Resources Carrying Capacity ◽  
Per Capita

The water footprint and consumption pattern is an effective tool for quantitifying the volume of water resources consumption in certain region [ ].Shunyi’s water footprint in the period 2006-2010 is calculated in this article from the view of virtual water. The general water footprint in Shunyi District at the year 2010 reached 790 million m3 and water footprint per capita was 536.48 cubic meters. Shunyi 's water resource quantity per capita was 501.27 m3 in the same year and the Water Scarcity Index was 1.98. The result of calculation shows that the water resource volume of exploitation in Shunyi District of Beijing has been beyond the water resources carrying capacity.

scholarly journals Spatial conservation areas for water yield hydrological ecosystem services with their economic values effects under climate change: a case study of Teshio watershed located in northernmost of Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1679-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Fan ◽  
Daniel Ocloo Mawuko ◽  
Hideaki Shibata ◽  
Wei Ou
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Hydro Power

Abstract Water resources prioritization conservation planners are increasingly becoming aware of the economic value of water supply ecosystem services (ESs) under climate changes. Here we assessed how the water yield ES framework is implemented in the current spatial prioritization conservation of the water resources under climate change across the Teshio River watershed. We applied the systematic conservation model to optimize the area for water resources which satisfied the protection targets with and without considering economic values of the water yield provision service. The model indicated that the areas of spatial optimal ES protection for water yield with considering economic values were totally different from those without considering economic values of water resources. The optimal priority conservation areas were concentrated in southwestern, southeastern, and some northern areas of this watershed. These places could guarantee water resources sustainability from both environmental protection and socio-economic development standpoints. Moreover, the spatial priority conservation areas for water yield with economic value from hydro-power electricity production were traded off against the areas for water yield with economic values from resident water-use and irrigation for rice. Therefore, the systematic conservation planning of water yield with economic values under climate changes may provide a useful argument to promote the conservation of water resources.

scholarly journals Is there a relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in Zimbabwe?

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunofiwa Tsaurai
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Capacity Improvement ◽  
Causality Relationship

This paper investigated the causality relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in Zimbabwe using a bi-variate time series framework for the period 1980 to 2011. The causality relationship between the two variables has been a subject of extensive debate for decades among economists and academics. There are four dominant perspectives with regard to the causality relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth. The first perspective maintains electricity consumption spur economic growth whilst the second perspective argues that it is economic growth that drives electricity consumption. The third perspective suggests that both electricity consumption and economic growth promotes each other whilst the fourth perspective argues that there is no causality relationship at all between the two variables both in the short and long run. Using the bi-variate causality test framework, this study failed to establish any direct causality relationship between energy consumption and economic growth. The results imply the existence of an indirect bi-directional causality relationship between the two variables. The study therefore recommends Zimbabwe authorities to address indirect factors that have a bearing on economic growth over and above scaling up investment efforts into electricity production capacity improvement infrastructure

scholarly journals Identification and Analysis of Impact Factors on the Economic Feasibility of Photovoltaic Energy Investments

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7173
Author(s):  
Rômulo de Oliveira Azevêdo ◽  
Paulo Rotela Junior ◽  
Luiz Célio Souza Rocha ◽  
Gianfranco Chicco ◽  
Giancarlo Aquila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Photovoltaic Energy ◽  
Main Factors

The introduction of environmental impact targets around the world has highlighted the need to adopt alternative sources of energy, which can supply the demand and mitigate the damage caused to the environment. Solar energy is one of the main sources of alternative energy, and is considered an abundant source of clean energy. However, to facilitate and encourage investors interested in the installation of photovoltaic energy systems for electricity production, it is essential to evaluate the factors that impact the economic viability of the projects. Therefore, the objective of this research is to present a systematic analytical framework, in order to identify and analyze the main factors that impact the financial feasibility of projects for the installation of photovoltaic energy plants. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was carried out, analyzing the main studies related to the topic and identifying the main factors that may financially affect investments in photovoltaic energy systems. From this review, 29 influencing factors were identified and separated into five categories, namely, location, economic, political, climatic and environmental, and technical factors. The main factors highlighted are the investment cost, power generation, operation and maintenance costs, solar radiation, lifetime, energy tariff, efficiency, electricity consumption, and interest and taxes. The results may assist policy makers, investors, researchers, and other stakeholders to identify the key factors that are being examined in the literature, and to evaluate which ones should be considered in their study to ensure the sustainable development of power generation through the solar source.

A Study on Key Factors and their Conduction Path of Chinese Rural Residential Electricity Price

2014 ◽  
Vol 1070-1072 ◽  
pp. 1450-1455
Author(s):  
Bin Luo ◽  
Yi Fei Zhang ◽  
Zhuo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electricity Price ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Gray Relational Analysis ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Conduction Path ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Residential Electricity ◽  
Per Capita

This paper reviews the existing Chinese rural residential electricity price policies, including their features and forming foundations, then analyses the main factors affecting the current Chinese rural residential electricity price by considering electricity generation, transmission and demands, respectively. With the gray relational analysis and the statistical data, the key factors currently affecting Chinese rural residential electricity price can be given as: the average of air conditioners per household, the average lending rates, rural residential per capita net incomes, natural gas price, price of coals for power generation, per capita electricity consumptions in daily life, total electricity consumption, total electricity production, electricity infrastructure investment and cross-subsidies in the electricity sector. Furthermore, the conduction path of the key factors influencing and deciding the electricity price is analyzed and a cause-effect diagram is produced with system dynamics software.

scholarly journals Modernization of new irrigated lands in a scenario of increasing water scarcity: from large reservoirs to small ponds

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Jlassi ◽  
E. Nadal-Romero ◽  
J. M. García-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Strategies

Large rainfed, dryland areas were transformed into irrigated land in northeast Spain, where rivers from the Pyrenees Range ensure the availability of abundant water resources. The transformation of the Riegos del Alto Aragón area (RAA), mainly during the second half of the 20th century, was subject to major problems during the 1960s and 1970s, including monoculture of poorly productive winter cereals, water wastage, and soil degradation. Since the 1990s the RAA has been affected by modernization involving: (i) a change in the mode of irrigation, from gravity to sprinkler systems; (ii) the concentration of plots to enlarge the size of irrigated fields; and (iii) the introduction of more productive and highly water-consuming crops (corn, lucerne, vegetables). These changes coincided with enlargement of the irrigated area, increasing water demand at a time of increasing water scarcity because of restriction on the construction of new large reservoirs and declining water resources, because of climate and land use changes. Addressing this major problem has required new strategies, specifically the construction of small reservoirs and water ponds within the irrigated area. The ponds increase water reserves and facilitate sprinkling irrigation by adding pressure to the system. However, this has involved a huge rise in electricity consumption, which has increased the cost of production.

scholarly journals Water Resources Management by Aquifer storage and Recovery in Jordan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 2022-2026
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Aquifer Storage And Recovery ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Aquifer Storage ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Per Capita

Water resources in Jordan are very inadequate which is why its name is counted among the countries that have the lowest level of water per capita in the world. The demand for water at this time surpasses the available resources of renewable water which have been overexploited in order to eliminate the gap. However, it is also predicted that in all the sectors of water, this gap is potential of widening in the future. To overcome the situation of water scarcity, there is a need for endangering sustainable development thus Jordan is required to adopt a strategy for planning and storing water crucially. The proposed method or approach in this project is focused on managing demand and developing non- conventional resources of water. This paper has provided the strategy of Aquifer storage and recovery for coping with the current water situation in Jordan along with water development and planning components.

scholarly journals The relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in Botswana

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kafayat Amusa ◽  
Temitope L.A. Leshoro
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Bounds Testing ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Increased Activity

Concerted effort to diversify Botswana economy, in recent years, has seen increased activity of major sectors, which includes higher reliance on electricity. The demand and consumption of electricity within the Botswana economy increased substantially from the 1980’s. However there have been shortfalls in the country’s electricity generation capacity causing increased reliance on imports from neighbouring countries especially South Africa. Given the importance of electricity in Botswana, this study examined the relationship between electricity and economic growth, employing bounds testing approach to co-integration. Results obtained confirmed the importance of electricity for Botswana’s economic growth. The result also passed a battery of diagnostic tests. This study recommends the need for energy policy reforms that will enable increased electricity production capacity.

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN PROSES IMPLEMENTASI MACHINE LEARNING DALAM MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT UNTUK MENCEGAH DERATING

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
Bonifasius Yoga Adi Pratama ◽  
Hari Agung Yuniarto
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Knowledge Discovery ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Maintenance Management ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Maintenance Strategy ◽  
Force Generator

Derating menjadi masalah yang sering kali muncul pada generator diesel di pembangkit listrik. Derating dapat menyebabkan penurunan kinerja dan produksi listrik pada generator. Kapasitas produksi listrik yang menurun nantinya akan menjadi masalah jika melihat kondisi konsumsi listrik nasional yang terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Derating sering kali terjadi karena suhu yang tinggi pada charge air. Pencegahan derating dapat dilakukan dengan mengimplementasikan strategi maintenance yang mampu memprediksi derating dan mengakomodasi perubahan suhu charge air sebagai penyebab terjadinya derating. Penelitian ini akan memperlihatkan rancangan implementasi strategi maintenance berbasis data untuk memprediksi terjadinya derating dengan menggunakan pendekatan machine learning. Rancangan proses ini akan memberikan gambaran proses seperti apa yang dapat digunakan untuk mencegah derating sehingga membantu menjaga performa generator. Tahapan implementasi machine learning dilakukan dengan mengimpelementasikan proses knowledge discovery from data pada proses yang ada dalam maintenance management. Evaluasi terkait proses maintenance management dan machine learning menunjukkan bahwa machine learning dapat diimplementasikan pada tahap controlling. Klasifikasi kondisi generator juga didasarkan pada trend kondisi suhu charge air sehingga prediksi kondisi generator terkait derating tidak dipengaruhi oleh perubahan suhu yang bersifat cepat dan sementara. Penjabaran proses yang ada menunjukkan bahwa implementasi machine learning dalam maintenance management ini mungkin untuk dilakukan. Abstract[Designing The Implementation Process of Machine Learning in Maintenance Management to Avoid Derating] Derating is problem that often arises in power plant. Derating force generator to work below its optimum performance and resulting low production rate of electricity. Declining of electricity production capacity can be problem when we see condition of national electricity consumption in Indonesia which continues to increase year over year. Derating often occurs due to high temperatures in charge air. Derating prevention can be done by implementing maintenance strategy that is able to predict derating and accommodate changes in charge air temperature. This study designs processes of implementing data-based maintenance strategy to predict occurrence of derating using machine learning approach. Process design will provide overview of what kind of process can be used to avoid derating so that it helps maintain generator performance. Machine learning implementation can be done by implementing process of knowledge discovery from data in existing maintenance management process. Evaluations related to maintenance management and machine learning processes show that machine learning can be implemented at controlling stage. Classification of generator conditions is based on trend of charge air temperature so that prediction of generator conditions will not be affected by temporary changes in temperature. Process overview concludes that it is possible to implement machine learning in maintenance management.Keywords: decision tree; derating; machine learning; maintenance management

USE AND PROTECTION OF WATER RESOURCES OF AZERBAIJAN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiz Tagirov ◽  
◽  
Maya Zeynalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Active Temperature

The article examines the problem of fresh water, since in terms of water supply from its own resources per capita and per 1 km2, the republic is 8 times behind Georgia, 2 times behind Armenia. Significant water consumption in Azerbaijan is caused by its arid territory with a predominance of active temperature and a lack of precipitation, which leads to intensive irrigation of crops. At the same time, artificial irrigation is used on 70% of the cultivated land.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document