scholarly journals Profitability and Major Problems of Coffee Production in Palpa District, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibek Acharya ◽  
Shiva C. Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Net Profit

The survey was conducted in Palpa district of Nepal in 2013 to assess the profitability and major problems associated with coffee production. Barangdi, Boughapokharathok, Madanpokhara and Khaseauli Village development committees (VDCs) were selected for the survey. A household survey of 110 coffee growers was conducted. Primary data were collected through face to face interview, direct observation; secondary data were collected from different publications. Data was analysed by using SPSS V16, Microsoft Excel and STATA 12. It was found that the coffee contributes about 10 percent to the annual household income. The GM was found NRs. 6637.52 and net profit of NRs. 4783.52 per ropani and the profitability index of 1.47 shows the coffee business as profitable business. The major problems in the coffee production were the high insect pest attack such as red and white borer. About 63 percentage respondents had said that the insect pest (white borer) was the major problem followed by low market price of the fresh cherry. It shows that the coffee business may be the suitable and financially feasible business in the mid hills of Nepal and need to address the major problems associated in production. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i4.11252   Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(4): 460-463 

scholarly journals PRODUCTION ECONOMICS AND MARKETING OF LARGE CARDAMOM (AMOMUM SUBULATUM ROXB.) IN CHAINPUR, SANKHUWASABHA, NEPAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Bhattarai ◽  
Suman Bhattarai ◽  
Udit Prakash Sigdel
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Command Area ◽  
Production Economics ◽  
Amomum Subulatum ◽  
Large Cardamom

A study on production economics and marketing of Large cardamom in Chainpur, Sankhuwasabha was conducted from December 2018 to June 2019. Altogether 60 farmers were selected randomly from the PMAMP Cardamom command area of Chainpur municipality of Sankhuwasabha. Besides, 12 traders were also selected. A focus group discussion, key informants interview (KII) and direct observations were carried out to generate primary data along with Household survey with the use of semi-structured pre-tested interview schedule for the study. The secondary data were collected from literature like reports and publications of different institutions. The yield of cardamom in the study area has fallen now by more than 50% than the maximum realized yield to 220 kg ha-1. Cardamom was found to be labor intensive in the study area. Coupled with low market price and low productivity, many farmers felt a loss. However, economic analysis of the area indicated the cardamom farming is profitable. The sensitivity analysis with 20% decrease in price also found the farming to be profitable and viable. The farming is labor intensive and the average annual production cost per hectare was NRs 50,124 considering hired labors only and NRs 74,358 considering both hired and family labor cost per hectare. Among many causes of decline in productivity, many farmers ranked disease as the most devastating. The monopoly of Indian marketers at Birtamod was considered as the topmost reason for price fluctuation. The study evolved the immediate need of crop management by disease control to increase production and marketing intervention for consistent price of the Large cardamom.

scholarly journals AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF MAJOR VEGETABLES IN PARSA DISTRICT, NEPAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-120
Author(s):  
Amrita Paudel ◽  
Anish Paudel ◽  
Rishi Ram Kattel
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
Index Of Severity ◽  
Pointed Gourd

The survey research was conducted to analyze the economics of production and marketing of major vegetables in Parsa district of Nepal from December 2019 to April 2020. Primary data for the household survey were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire from sixty sampled respondents, sixteen from Pokhariya municipality, and forty-four from Bahudarmai municipality. Secondary data were collected through scientific journals, articles, and publications from agricultural organizations, projects, and programs. Average area under vegetable cultivation was found 12.68 Kattha. Out of five major vegetables under study average cost of production per kattha was found highest for pointed gourd (Rs. 11551.50) lowest for okra production (Rs. 6071/kata). The majority of production cost was covered by labor cost (>40%). The average productivity of cauliflower, okra,brinjal, chilli, and pointed gourd was 27.3 Mt/ha,19 Mt/ha,16.67 Mt/ha, 27.52Mt/ha, and 25.83Mt/ha respectively. B:C ratio of all the vegetables under study was higher than three which implies that vegetable farming in the study area is profitable farm business. Producers-wholesalers-retailers-consumers was the most used marketing channel. Market margin of cauliflower, okra, brinjal, chilli and pointed gourd was Rs. 13/kg, Rs. 7.73/kg, Rs. 7.86/kg, Rs. 28.07/kg and Rs. 8.69/kg respectively. Index of severity was constructed to rank the problems in the production and marketing of vegetables. Analysis of the problems identified shows the need for proper storage facilities, training related to vegetable farming and insect pest management, and subsidies on regular basis, and mechanization and modernization of the farming system through the introduction of technological knowledge and modern farm practice.

A MODERN JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN INDONESIA: LEGAL BREAKTHROUGH OF E-COURT AND E-LEGAL PROCEEDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Dedi Putra
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
Legal Service ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Digital Era

The implementation of court in Indonesia has not fulfilled as expected because any parties involving in court has a lack of capacity, consistency, and integrity to provide legal service seriously. Some people assume that court services are not still optimal. To settle the problems, the Supreme Court just has officially issued Regulation No. 1 of 2019 regarding the Administration of Cases and Legal Proceedings in Courts via Electronic Means on 8 August 2019. This regulation is believed as an appropriate solution to face those problems. To elaborate more, this study illustrates a judicial reform in Indonesia, e-court, and access to justice, the conception of e-court including the performance of e-court and its drawbacks and challenges in the digital era. The research method uses normative research by approaching legal review and literature study. The technique of primary data collection applies Supreme Court regulation while means of secondary data are collected from concept or theory as set out under bibliography. Judicial reform in Indonesia is indicated by issuing new regulation regarding e-Court and e-Litigation, the implementation e-Court itself has been attributed to 32 courts consisting of general religious, and state administrative courts. Through e-Court, access to justice more transparent and accessible. Besides, justice seekers have no worries regarding distance issues as of e-Court may allow them to fight in court without face to face. Parties have no doubt relating to the acceleration of court to settle any dispute in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Pariwisata Budaya dan Pandemi Covid-19: Memahami Kebijakan Pemerintah dan Reaksi Masyarakat Bali

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
I Nengah Subadra
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Indigenous Cultures ◽  
The Government

The research is aimed at understanding the government policies on cultural tourism and pandemic mitigations in Bali made during the covid-19 pandemic. It uses qualitative method in which the primary data were collected through face-to-face and virtual video interviews to seven informants who were selected using purposive sampling to assure they aware of and understand the researched case; and the secondary data were collected from online publications. The research finds the regional regulation on cultural tourism was amended during the Covid-19 outbreak to strengthen the use of local cultures for tourism adapting both national and international tourism policies to lead to a more responsible tourism designating Bali’s local indigenous cultures of Tri Hita Karana and Sad Kerthi as basis of cultural tourism development in Bali; and more importantly, Bali’s government issued particular policies and  executed immediate measures to reopen tourism in Bali which totally shut down due to pandemic. These policies reacted differently by local people and remains become a hot debate within Balinese communities.

PENGARUH GIRO WADIAH DAN MUDHARABAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN LABA (SURVEY PADA PT BANK BRI SYARIAH CABANG BEKASI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Riyanto Riyanto ◽  
Arman Paramansyah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Demand Deposits ◽  
Data Collection Approach ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study was conducted to examine the effect of Giro Wadiah and Mudharabah deposits on the Net Profit of BRI Syariah. Research carried out by the unit of analysis Islamic Bank BRI in Bekasi. The method used in this research is descriptive method with data collection approach. Studies conducted through Primary data is data obtained directly from the research subjects in this case PT. Bank BRI Syariah and secondary data is data obtained from the research literature. The results showed that: (1) changes in demand deposits wadiah significant effect on Net profit in Syariah BRI (2) Changes in deposits mudaraba significant effect on net profit at Syariah BRI (3) Simultaneously Mudharabah Deposits Demand deposits and significant effect on the net profit at Syariah BRI.

scholarly journals Marketing Activities in the Fruit Industry: Case Study of Banana in Khoai Chau District, Hung Yen Province, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Phuong ◽  
Do Quang Giam ◽  
Vu Thi Hai
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Grower Association

Aims: The study aims to overview about the marketing activities of banana industry in Vietnam based on the case study in Khoai Chau district, Vietnam. Methodology: Both primary and secondary data were used in this study. Primary data was collected through face-to-face interviews and mobile phone with market participants using semi-structured questionnaire in two year 2016 and 2019. The descriptive analysis method was used to describe channels of distribution, marketing practices of farmers and traders, flow of product from producers to consumers, and problems that banana farmers and traders encounter in their business operations. Results: The results show that banana was sold through 13 channels for both domestic and international markets. At traders’ level market, non-contract was popularly applied by retailers in both selling and buying operations. Majority of banana growers have small operations and engage in small transactions and individually with buyers. They do not have market power in setting the price. They are often faced with unstable price and difficulty in entering high income market. Establishing banana grower association in each commune would enable growers to maintain and monitor the quality of banana especially among small growers. Though collective marketing, they can link with large and stable potential markets such as supermarkets and other institutional buyers.

scholarly journals KONTRIBUSI PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA PT. BANK RAKYAT INDONESIA (PERSERO), TBK

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulan Purnama Rais ◽  
Nur Fiskayani Yustika ◽  
Adhe Alda Rezky Darmawan ◽  
Muhammad Irfai Sohilauw
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Profit Margin ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Profit Growth

The purpose of this study is to examine and evaluate the impact of return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and net profit margin (NPM) on PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk's profit growth. The method of explanatory analysis with a quantitative approach is used in this study. From 2010 to 2019, secondary data were analyzed quarterly, yielding 40 observations. The data was analyzed with Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS Version 21. Using multiple linear regression analysis, Return On Assets (ROA) / X1 had a negative and insignificant effect on Profit Growth (Y) of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk from 2010 to 2019. However, Return On Assets (ROE) / X2 and Net Profit Margin (NPM) / X3 have a positive and significant impact on Changes in Profit (Y) PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk from 2010 to 2019.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI SALURAN PEMASARAN KOPI ARABIKA GAYO PADA CV. GAYO MANDIRI COFFEE KABUPATEN BENER MERIAH

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Riyandhi Praza
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Coffee Arabica ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Method

The high selling price of coffee paid by consumers (importers) has not been felt by farmers. The development of Gayo Arabica Coffee marketing then emerged Cooperative and CV in Bener Meriah Regency in accommodating the production of farmers one of them. CV.Gayo Mandiri Coffee (GMC) located in District Bandar, Bener Meriah Regency. CV Gayo Mandiri Coffee is engaged in Gayo Arabica coffee marketing activities. This study aims to identify the marketing channel and the Gayo Arabica coffee production process. The research was conducted using qualitative descriptive method to analyze the primary and secondary data obtained. Primary data obtained through interviews and observations, while secondary data obtained through the literature associated with this research. Gayo Arabica coffee marketing in CV.Gayo Mandiri Coffee in marketing its products there are two channels, from collectors to producers to consumers, from producers directly to consumers and from producers to retailers as well as through intermediaries then to the hands of consumers. The most dominant channels contained in CV.Gayo Mandiri is channel I because this channel is the most effective and efficient in the marketing of green bean coffee Arabica Gayo.

scholarly journals Opportunities and Challenges of Rehabilitating Degraded Land in the Case of Cheha Woreda, Gurage Zone, SNNP Region, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tekilil Wolde
Keyword(s):  
Technology Use ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Degraded Land

The research was conducted in chaha wereda gurage zone SNNP region of Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to assess opportunity and challenges of degraded land rehabilitation. From the total population of the study area 20% (73) respondents were selected in order to achieve the objective of the study at hand, for the study both primary and secondary data was generated. The primary data collection was started with a preliminary survey followed by a key informant interview, focus group discussion, and household survey with questionnaires. The secondary data were collected from books, unpublished thesis, project report, and workshops, open ended questionnaire and checklists for interview. The households were selected using stratified sampling technique (Cochran) sample size formula the process of analysis of the study was carried out using qualitative description and quantitative analysis. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the quantitative data were analyzed frequency and percentage when appropriate the qualitative data were discussed to substantiate the study. And the results were expressed in the form of tables and graphs. The findings of the study indicated that limited labor availability, high cost of maintenance. Lack of knowledge, soil conditions, high surfaces runoff, poor vegetation coverage, poor monitoring and evaluation, poor implementation and poor training on the technology use are major challenges.

scholarly journals 1. Economic Analysis Between Two Different Systems Of Goat Farming Business In Asahan District, North Sumatera

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Supardi Rusdiana ◽  
Rijanto Hutasoit ◽  
Juniar Sirait
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Location Study ◽  
Goat Farming

The study was conducted in the Tinggi Raja village and Sumber Harapan Village of Sub district Tinggi Raja, in the Asahan District. Each location study has the same agro-ecosystems. The study was conducted using survey method in year of 2013 by interviewing 15 farmers respondent as cooperators and 15 non-cooperators. Primary data and secondary data were analyzed economically, using descriptive and quantitative tabulation. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in business of goat breeders for economic analysis. The results showed that the net profit of the business of goats in cooperators breeders at the amount of Rp.8.411.168,83/year, B/C ratio of 1.4. Then for the non-cooperator farmers at the amount of Rp.1.644.051.24/year, B/C ratio of 1.2. This data showed that the benefit of farmer cooperators is higher than the non cooperator breeders. Therefore we need to implement the introduction of technological innovations for the farmer in non-cooperators breeders. For cooperators they could get into commercial business, that resulted in their goats achieving a higher market value in terms of price. 

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