scholarly journals Antioxidant and calcium levels in mature and immature diabetic cataract lens

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Deepa ◽  
BK Manjunatha Goud ◽  
MN Suma ◽  
RN Devaki ◽  
M Nandini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Diabetic Cataract ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Cataract Development

Cataract is considered a major cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients as the incidence and progression of cataract is elevated in patients with diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of diabetic cataract development is still not fully understood. Due to increasing numbers of type 1 and type 2 diabetics worldwide, the incidence of diabetic cataracts steadily rises. Even though cataract surgery, the most common ophthalmic procedure worldwide, is an effective cure, the elucidation of patho- mechanisms to delay or prevent the development of cataract in diabetic patients remains a challenge. Furthermore, patients with diabetes mellitus have higher complication rates from cataract surgery. Both diabetes and cataract pose an enormous health and economic burden, particularly in developing countries, where diabetes treatment is insufficient and cataract surgery often inaccessible. Hence the objective of the study was to assess the antioxidant levels and calcium levels in different stages of cataract. Our study showed a significant reduction in lens antioxidant activity with significantly increased calcium levels in mature stage of cataract, suggesting decreased antioxidant activity plays an important role in diabetic cataract by causing deposition of calcium in lens. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v6i1.5290

scholarly journals Outcome of cataract surgery in diabetic patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Vladimir Canadanovic ◽  
Nikola Babic ◽  
Sofija Davidovic ◽  
Aleksandar Miljkovic ◽  
Stefan Brunet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Time Of Surgery ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Novi Sad

Introduction. The association between diabetes and cataract formation has been shown in many clinical studies. Development of cataract occurs more frequently and at an earlier age in diabetic patients. Due to the increasing prevalence of diabetes worldwide, the incidence of diabetic cataracts steadily rises. While the overall outcomes of cataract surgery are excellent, patients with diabetes may have poorer vision outcomes than those without diabetes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the visual outcomes (visual acuity and visual function), intraoperative and postoperative complications of cataract surgery, and to assess the final surgical outcomes. Material and Methods. The prospective study included 128 patients (133 eyes) with cataract and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2 at least 5 years prior to cataract surgery, operated at the Eye Clinic, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad. A full medical history included patients? age, the time since the diagnosis of diabetes, current management of diabetes, blood pressure and assessment of glycemic control using glycosylated hemoglobin. All patients underwent complete ophthalmological examination before cataract surgery, and were re-examined 7 days, one and six months after the surgery. Results. The mean age of patients at the time of surgery was 63.5 years (SD ? 6.5, range 57 - 70 years) with mean duration of diabetes 8.5 years. The glycosylated haemoglobin level in the group treated with insulin was 6.8 vs. 8.2 in patients on oral medications (p < 0.05). Diabetes mellitus was accompanied by other systemic diseases in 81 patients (63.28%), whereas 45 of 133 operated eyes (33.83%) had other ocular diseases. Intraoperative complications occurred in 20 of 133 operated eyes (15%): posterior capsular rupture with vitreous loss, intraoperative miosis, iris hemorrhage and suprachoroidal hemorrhage. Conclusion. Cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation is an effective and safe surgical procedure in diabetic patients, and sight threatening complications are rare. Our study confirmed that visual acuity after surgery in diabetic patients depends on the severity of diabetic retinopathy at the time of surgery.

scholarly journals Limb Revascularization in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-363
Author(s):  
L. A. Bokeria ◽  
V. S. Arakelyan ◽  
V. G. Papitashvili ◽  
Sh. Sh. Tsurtsumiya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Ulcer Healing ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Peripheral Arteries ◽  
Ischemic Ulcer ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Basic Treatment

The review describes morbidity, mortality and possible complication rates for diabetic patients with peripheral arteries disease. The article demonstrates the modern tendency in the surgical treatment of peripheral arteries atherosclerosis, shows and compares worldwide results of endovascular and open revascularization. The authors have assessed the risk of amputation for patients with diffuse peripheral arteries disease and described basic treatment principals for better chronic ischemic ulcer healing.

scholarly journals Review on the Influence of Diabetes Mellitus in the Visual Prognosis of Cataract Surgery

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ragni Kumari ◽  
Salai Dhavamathi Janarthanan ◽  
Mrinal Ranjan Srivastava ◽  
Pragati Garg ◽  
Rajiv Janardhanan
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Cataract ◽  
Visual Prognosis ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Retinal Pathology ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Visual Potential

India is deliberated the diabetes hub of the world, and a substantial amount of patients undergoing cataract surgery are diabetic. Developments in surgical techniques and instrumentation of cataract have large enriched the outcomes; but, surgical procedure may not be benign and real in certain entities with pre-existing retinal pathology or inadequate visual potential.. Keeping this in mind, we surveyed the different layers of the eye in managing the cataract in patients with diabetes. The changes in the cornea, intra ocular lens, choroid, and retina are the factors which influenced the visual prognosis of diabetic cataract patients. Better comprehension of different elements in charge of good result of cataract surgery in diabetic patients may direct us in better options in the management of these patients and advancing the outcomes. This review article targets to address diverse features adjoining cataracts in diabetic patients. In anelectronic MEDLINE search, appropriate studies were selected by authors using the relevant keywords.

Intramuscular Nerve and Neuromuscular Junction Alteration In Extraocular Muscles of Diabetic Mice

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
Bruce R. Pachter
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Extraocular Muscles ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oculomotor Palsy ◽  
Third Nerve Palsy ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Intramuscular Nerve ◽  
Oculomotor Nerves

Diabetes mellitus is one of the commonest causes of neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy is a heterogeneous group of neuropathic disorders to which patients with diabetes mellitus are susceptible; more than one kind of neuropathy can frequently occur in the same individual. Abnormalities are also known to occur in nearly every anatomic subdivision of the eye in diabetic patients. Oculomotor palsy appears to be common in diabetes mellitus for their occurrence in isolation to suggest diabetes. Nerves to the external ocular muscles are most commonly affected, particularly the oculomotor or third cranial nerve. The third nerve palsy of diabetes is characteristic, being of sudden onset, accompanied by orbital and retro-orbital pain, often associated with complete involvement of the external ocular muscles innervated by the nerve. While the human and experimental animal literature is replete with studies on the peripheral nerves in diabetes mellitus, there is but a paucity of reported studies dealing with the oculomotor nerves and their associated extraocular muscles (EOMs).

scholarly journals A preliminary study on diabetes self-management education and glycemic control among patients with diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kisokanth G. ◽  
Indrakumar J. ◽  
Prathapan S. ◽  
Joseph J. ◽  
Ilankoon I.M.P.S.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Preliminary Study

This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education (DSME) in the improvement of glycemic control among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka. The study was a prospective interventional study and conducted as a preliminary study at medical clinic, Base hospital, Kaluwanchikudy, Batticaloa. Thirty patients with T2DM were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A structured individual diabetes self-management education for 10 hours (one hour per week) was delivered to diabetic patients by the trained Nurse Health Educator. Glycosylate hemoglobin (HbA1c) was assessed as a main outcome measure and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Body Mass Index (BMI) of each patient were also measured and recorded before and after the intervention. The respondent rate was 96.7% (n = 29). Majority of them were females (n = 25, 86.2%). A Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that DSME had a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c [8.60 (IQR 2.60) vs. 7.40 (IQR 2.10), p = .000] and FBS level [159.00 (IQR 77.50) vs. 134.00 (IQR 40.50), p = .002] at 3 months of intervention. The mean BMI at baseline was higher compared to 3 months of intervention [24.88 (SD ± 3.06) vs. 24.19 (SD ± 2.79)] which was statistically significant (p = .000). Majority of participants (n = 22, 75.9%) had improved their HbA1c level by ≥ 0.5% in 3 months. The diabetes self-management education is an effective measure in improving glycemic control and other clinical parameters among patients with T2DM. Thus, DSME needs to be implemented among clinic patients with T2DM for the better outcome and the preventions of complications.

scholarly journals When Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus and Severe COVID-19 Converge: The Perfect Storm for Mucormycosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Teny M. John ◽  
Ceena N. Jacob ◽  
Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Factors ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Diagnostic Certainty ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Perfect Storm

Mucormycosis (MCR) has been increasingly described in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but the epidemiological factors, presentation, diagnostic certainty, and outcome of such patients are not well described. We review the published COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAMCR) cases (total 41) to identify risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes. CAMCR was typically seen in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) (94%) especially the ones with poorly controlled DM (67%) and severe or critical COVID-19 (95%). Its presentation was typical of MCR seen in diabetic patients (mostly rhino-orbital and rhino-orbital-cerebral presentation). In sharp contrast to reported COVID-associated aspergillosis (CAPA) cases, nearly all CAMCR infections were proven (93%). Treating physicians should have a high suspicion for CAMCR in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and severe COVID-19 presenting with rhino-orbital or rhino-cerebral syndromes. CAMR is the convergence of two storms, one of DM and the other of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus—A Risk Factor for Unfavourable Outcome in COVID-19 Patients—The Experience of an Infectious Diseases Regional Hospital

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 788
Author(s):  
Egidia Miftode ◽  
Larisa Miftode ◽  
Ioana Coman ◽  
Cristian Prepeliuc ◽  
Maria Obreja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Unfavourable Outcome ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Early research into the implications concerning the evolution of the infection caused by the new coronavirus in people with glucose metabolism dysfunction, in this case diabetics, shows that severe forms of the disease predominate in this risk category. Moreover, it seems that even in patients with normal glycaemic status, COVID-19 may predispose to the development of hyperglycaemia which modulates immune mechanisms and inflammatory responses, with direct effects on morbidity and mortality. Thus, taking into account these scientific data, as well as the increased frequency of diabetes in the general population, we aimed to assess the risk of an unfavourable outcome of diabetic patients, which is in a strong connection with the presence and severity of pulmonary disease such as interstitial pneumonia/bronchopneumonia, as well as the effectiveness of Tocilizumab administration. The results of our study indicate a three-fold higher risk of death in patients with diabetes and COVID-19 (RR = 3.03; IC95%: 2.37–3.86; p = 0.001),compared to nondiabetic patients, and the risk of developing severe forms of acute respiratory failure was 1.5 times higher in the first studied category. In conclusion, we can say that the diabetic diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection is more predisposed to immunological and organic dysfunctions that may ultimately result in death, and treatment with monoclonal anti-IL-6 antibodies was more effective in diabetic patients than non-diabetics (p < 0.05). The effectiveness of Tocilizumab was significant in both studied groups, but diabetic patients responded better to this therapy compared to non-diabetes-mellitus (DM) ones (76.7% vs. 35% p = 0.001).

scholarly journals Screening Strategy of Pancreatic Cancer in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 572
Author(s):  
Suguru Mizuno ◽  
Yousuke Nakai ◽  
Kazunaga Ishigaki ◽  
Kei Saito ◽  
Hiroki Oyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Screening Strategy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
New Onset

The incidence of pancreatic cancer (PCa) is increasing worldwide and has become one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Screening for high risk populations is fundamental to overcome this intractable malignancy. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is classically known as a risk factor for PCa. Recently the reverse causality is in the spotlight, that is to say, DM is considered to be a manifestation of PCa. Numbers of epidemiological studies clarified that new-onset DM (≤2-year duration) was predominant in PCa patients and the relative risk for PCa inversely correlated with duration of DM. Among patients with new-onset DM, elder onset, weight loss, and rapid exacerbation of glycemic control were reported to be promising risk factors and signs, and the model was developed by combining these factors. Several pilot studies disclosed the possible utility of biomarkers to discriminate PCa-associated DM from type 2 DM. However, there is no reliable biomarkers to be used in the practice. We previously reported the application of a multivariate index for PCa based on the profile of plasma free amino acids (PFAAs) among diabetic patients. We are further investigating on the PFAA profile of PCa-associated DM, and it can be useful for developing the novel biomarker in the near future.

scholarly journals Diabetic Cataract—Pathogenesis, Epidemiology and Treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Pollreisz ◽  
Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Polyol Pathway ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Cataract ◽  
Cataract Development

Cataract in diabetic patients is a major cause of blindness in developed and developing countries. The pathogenesis of diabetic cataract development is still not fully understood. Recent basic research studies have emphasized the role of the polyol pathway in the initiation of the disease process. Population-based studies have greatly increased our knowledge concerning the association between diabetes and cataract formation and have defined risk factors for the development of cataract. Diabetic patients also have a higher risk of complications after phacoemulsification cataract surgery compared to nondiabetics. Aldose-reductase inhibitors and antioxidants have been proven beneficial in the prevention or treatment of this sightthreatening condition in in vitro and in vivo experimental studies. This paper provides an overview of the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract, clinical studies investigating the association between diabetes and cataract development, and current treatment of cataract in diabetics.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Frequently Used Glucose-Lowering Agents and Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Lv ◽  
Xue Zhao ◽  
Weiying Guo ◽  
Ying Gao ◽  
Shuo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Metabolic diseases, especially diabetes mellitus, have become global health issues. The etiology of diabetes mellitus can be attributed to genetic and/or environmental factors. Current evidence suggests the association of gut microbiota with metabolic diseases. However, the effects of glucose-lowering agents on gut microbiota are poorly understood. Several studies revealed that these agents affect the composition and diversity of gut microbiota and consequently improve glucose metabolism and energy balance. Possible underlying mechanisms include affecting gene expression, lowering levels of inflammatory cytokines, and regulating the production of short-chain fatty acids. In addition, gut microbiota may alleviate adverse effects caused by glucose-lowering agents, and this can be especially beneficial in diabetic patients who experience severe gastrointestinal side effects and have to discontinue these agents. In conclusion, gut microbiota may provide a novel viewpoint for the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus.

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