scholarly journals Study of Carotid doppler in Patients with ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Merina Gyawali ◽  
Prakash Sharma ◽  
Dipesh Karki
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Atheromatous Plaque ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Formation Type ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Neuro Imaging ◽  
Carotid Vessels ◽  
Carotid Doppler

Introduction: Stroke is one of the major causes of increased morbidity and death. Large-vessel atherosclerosis of intracranial and extra cranial carotid vessels is an important cause of ischemic stroke. This research was undertaken to study the carotid Doppler findings in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: A hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2020 till December 2020 in the department of Radio diagnosis and Imaging at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. Neuro-imaging and carotid Doppler findings in patients with ischemic stroke were studied. Data analysis was done using SPSS 20. Results: The mean age of subjects with ischemic stroke was 64 ± 13.4 years with the majority of cases in the age group of 51-70 years of age with male predominance (M: F= 3: 2). Lacunar infarcts (34.2%) were the most common findings followed by MCA infarct (30%) and ACA infarct (10.8%). Carotid plaques were seen in 43.3% patients. Bilateral ICA atheromatous plaque was seen in 48.1% of patients. Carotid bulb was the common site for plaque formation. Type III plaque was the commonest type. Significant ICA stenosis > 50 % was observed in 24.2% patients. Age >50 years, male sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were important risk factors. Conclusion: Carotid artery Doppler demonstrated atherosclerotic plaques and significant stenosis in patients with ischemic stroke. Increasing age >50 years, male sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were associated with an increased rate of atherosclerosis, carotid stenosis and ischemic stroke.

STUDY ON THRIVE SCORE IN THE PROGNOSIS OF ISCHEMIC STROKE

2017 ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Thi Thao Nhi Tran ◽  
Dinh Toan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Words Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Outcome Mortality ◽  
Better Than

Background and Purpose: Stroke is the second cause of mortality and the leading cause of disability. Using the clinical scale to predict the outcome of the patient play an important role in clinical practice. The Totaled Health Risks in Vascular Events (THRIVE) score has shown broad utility, allowing prediction of clinical outcome and death. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducting on 102 patients with acute ischemic stroke using THRIVE score. The outcome of patient was assessed by mRankin in the day of 30 after stroke. Statistic analysis using SPSS 15.0. Results: There was 60.4% patient in the group with THRIVE score 0 – 2 points having a good outcome (mRS 0 - 2), patient group with THRIVE score 6 - 9 having a high rate of bad outcome and mortality. Having a positive correlation between THRIVE score on admission and mRankin score at the day 30 after stroke with r = 0.712. THRIVE score strongly predicts clinical outcome with ROC-AUC was 0.814 (95% CI 0.735 - 0.893, p<0.001), Se 69%, Sp 84% and the cut-off was 2. THRIVE score strongly predicts mortality with ROC-AUC was 0.856 (95% CI 0.756 - 0.956, p<0.01), Se 86%, Sp 77% and the cut-off was 3. Analysis of prognostic factors by multivariate regression models showed that THRIVE score was only independent prognostic factor for the outcome of post stroke patients. Conclusions: The THRIVE score is a simple-to-use tool to predict clinical outcome, mortality in patients with ischemic stroke. Despite its simplicity, the THRIVE score performs better than several other outcome prediction tools. Key words: Ischemic stroke, THRIVE, prognosis, outcome, mortality

scholarly journals Combined effect of hypertension and hyperuricemia on ischemic stroke in a rural Chinese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Sun ◽  
Mengqi Chen ◽  
Xiaofan Guo ◽  
Zhao Li ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Background To investigate the combined effect of hypertension and hyperuricemia to the risk of ischemic stroke in a rural Chinese population. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted from 2012 to 2013 in a rural area of China. After exclusion for missing data, we finally included 11,731 participants into analysis. Results After adjusting for age, current smoking, current drinking, BMI, TG, HDL-C and eGFR, hypertension was significantly associated with ischemic stroke in men (OR: 2.783, 95% CI: 1.793, 4.320) and in women (OR: 4.800, 95% CI: 2.945, 7.822). However, hyperuricemia was significantly associated with ischemic stroke only in women (OR: 1.888, 95% CI: 1.244, 2.864). After full adjustment, participants with both hypertension and hyperuricemia had 8.9 times higher risk than those without them. Finally, the interaction between hypertension and hyperuricemia was statistically significant only in women rather than in men after full adjustment. Conclusions This study demonstrated the positive correlations between hypertension, hyperuricemia and ischemic stroke. Our study also demonstrated the joint effect between hypertension and hyperuricemia towards ischemic stroke only in women, not in men.

scholarly journals Assessment of alcohol use disorder and its associated factors among alcohol users of medical and surgical outpatients attending a specialized hospital in Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Demeke Demilew ◽  
Berhanu Boru ◽  
Getachew Tesfaw ◽  
Habtamu Kerebih ◽  
Endalamaw Salelew
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Background Alcohol use disorder increase the risk of physical harm, mental or social consequences for patients and others in the community. Studies on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among medical and surgical outpatients in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, this study is meant to provide essential data on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among alcohol user medical and surgical outpatients to intervene in the future. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted by using the systematic random sampling technique. Alcohol use disorders were assessed using the World Health Organization’s 10-item Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, a P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant in the multivariate analysis and the strength of association was measured at a 95% confidence interval. Results The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 34.5% with a 95% CI (29.20, 39.80) among study participants. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex (AOR = 3.33, 95%CI: 1.40, 7.93), history of mental illness (AOR = 2.68, 95%CI: 1.12, 6.38), drinking for relaxation (AOR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.02, 3.48) and history of lifetime tobacco use (AOR = 5.64, 95%CI: 1.95, 16.29) were factors significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Conclusion The prevalence of alcohol use disorders among medical and surgical outpatients was found to be high. Male sex, history of mental illness, alcohol use for relaxation and lifetime cigarette smoking need more attention during the assessment of patients in the medical and surgical outpatient departments.

scholarly journals Patient satisfaction and associated factors among psychiatry outpatients of St Paulo’s Hospital, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. e100120
Author(s):  
Kebebew Wogi Goben ◽  
Endalamaw Salelew Abegaz ◽  
Samuel Tolesa Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Sex

BackgroundPatient satisfaction with mental healthcare service is recognised as an important integral part of measuring the outcomes and performance of clinical service delivery. It is not well studied in Ethiopia. Therefore, it is essential to improve service in the future.AimsTo assess patient satisfaction and associated factors among psychiatry outpatients at St. Paulo’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted with consecutive sampling technique from May to June 2018. Data were collected using a Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8). Both bivariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were used. Variables with p value <0.05 at multivariate analysis were considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 589 participants were enrolled with a response rate of 98.2%. In regard to the magnitude of patient satisfaction, 50.3% (95% CI 46.0 to 54.2) were highly satisfied, 31.0% (95% CI 27.2 to 34.8) were satisfied, and 18.7% (95% CI 15.4 to 22.1) were dissatisfied. Male sex (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.30, 95% CI 1.57 to 3.36), inability to read and write (AOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.10 to 4.66), being unemployed (AOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.47), obtaining services for free (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.22), and availability of medication (AOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.23) were significantly associated with patient satisfaction.ConclusionsThe study showed that further improvements in patient satisfaction are required. Male sex, inability to read and write, being unemployed, obtaining services free of charge, and availability of medication were significantly associated with patient satisfaction. More than half of the participants were dissatisfied with the waiting time to receive services. The provision of services within a reasonable timeframe and meeting patient expectations are helpful for good health outcomes.

Acetabular Chondral Lesions in Hip Arthroscopy: Relationships Between Grade, Topography, and Demographics

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2501-2506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Suarez-Ahedo ◽  
Chengcheng Gui ◽  
Stephanie M. Rabe ◽  
Sivashankar Chandrasekaran ◽  
Parth Lodhia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chondral Lesion ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chondral Lesions ◽  
Chondral Damage ◽  
Male Sex

Background: Hip pain remains a challenge given the multiple factors that can cause damage to the articular cartilage, such as traumatic injury, metabolic damage, and morphologic variations such as femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and that can contribute to progression of osteoarthritis. However, a direct relationship between patient characteristics, the extent of acetabular chondral damage, and topologic characteristics of chondral lesions has not been established. Purpose: To compare the grade of acetabular chondral damage, measured in terms of acetabular labrum articular disruption (ALAD) classification, to the size and position of the chondral lesions, matching patients’ demographic factors such as age and body mass index (BMI). Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This study included all hip arthroscopies performed by the corresponding author from August 7, 2008, to November 19, 2014, in which acetabular chondral lesions were intraoperatively identified and measured in terms of ALAD grade, clockface location, and size. Bivariate analyses and multiple logistic regression were used to identify the demographic factors, characteristics of the acetabular chondral lesion, and other anatomic characteristics that were related to the ALAD grade of the acetabular chondral lesion. Results: Acetabular chondral lesions were measured in 1502 patients during the study period. Multivariate analysis showed that higher ALAD grade of acetabular chondral damage was significantly related to male sex, more advanced age, the area of the acetabular chondral lesion, anterior extension of the acetabular chondral lesion within the anterosuperior quadrant, labral detachment from the acetabular cartilage, and posterior extension of the labral tear. Conclusion: Higher grades of acetabular chondral damage were related to male sex, increased age, height, weight, BMI, and the size of the lesion. Chondral lesions were generally found in the anterosuperior region of the acetabulum, consistent with labral lesions and the weightbearing area of the acetabulum.

scholarly journals Risk factors for severe outcomes in people with diabetes hospitalised for COVID-19: a cross-sectional database study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e051237
Author(s):  
Emilio Ortega ◽  
Rosa Corcoy ◽  
Mònica Gratacòs ◽  
Francesc Xavier Cos Claramunt ◽  
Manel Mata-Cases ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

AimThis study’s objective was to assess the risk of severe in-hospital complications of patients admitted for COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus (DM).DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.SettingsWe used pseudonymised medical record data provided by six general hospitals from the HM Hospitales group in Spain.Outcome measuresMultiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables associated with mortality and the composite of mortality or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in the overall population, and stratified for the presence or absence of DM. Spline analysis was conducted on the entire population to investigate the relationship between glucose levels at admission and outcomes.ResultsOverall, 1621 individuals without DM and 448 with DM were identified in the database. Patients with DM were on average 5.1 years older than those without. The overall in-hospital mortality was 18.6% (N=301), and was higher among patients with DM than those without (26.3% vs 11.3%; p<0.001). DM was independently associated with death, and death or IMV (OR=2.33, 95% CI: 1.7 to 3.1 and OR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.6 to 2.8, respectively; p<0.001). In subjects with DM, the only variables independently associated with both outcomes were age >65 years, male sex and pre-existing chronic kidney disease. We observed a non-linear relationship between blood glucose levels at admission and risk of in-hospital mortality and death or IMV. The highest probability for each outcome (around 50%) was at random glucose of around 550 mg/dL (30.6 mmol/L), and the risks flattened above this value.ConclusionThe results confirm the high burden associated with DM in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 infection, particularly among men, the elderly and those with impaired kidney function. Moreover, hyperglycaemia on admission was strongly associated with poor outcomes, suggesting that personalised optimisation could help to improve outcome during the hospital stay.

scholarly journals Oral contraceptive among risk factors for women with ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 548
Author(s):  
Carla S. PALUDO ◽  
Amanda SACHETTI ◽  
Maiara S. PAIXÃO
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of use of oral contraceptives and other risk factors among women with ischemic stroke seen at a hospital in the northern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional study. The population was characterized by patients admitted with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke during a period from March to August 2019 and the sample by female patients found in the population. The data were collected through an individual interview using a questionnaire developed by the researchers and tabulated for further analysis. All analyzes were performed using the statistical program Bioestat 5.0, considering p = 0.05. Results: In the characterization of the sample, an average age of 68.2 years was observed. The occurrence of gender was 52.4% for women. The mean hospital stay was 12.2 ± 8.91 days. Outcome of hospital discharge was 89.1%. The mean value of body mass index was 25 ± 4.89 kg / m², with an average of 27.4 kg / m² in patients who used oral contraceptives and 25.23 kg / m² in patients who did not use oral contraceptives. The sample had a 34.5%incidence of oral contraceptive use. The average age of those who used oral contraceptives was 62.4 years and of the patients who did not use it was 70.3 years. Conclusion: The study showed a high use of oral contraceptives in the sample, with percentage values very close to other factors evaluated, thus showing itself as a probable risk factor for the development of ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERUBAHAN KADAR HS-CRP DENGAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA STROKE ISKEMIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betsi Sumanti ◽  
Hexanto Hexanto ◽  
Widiastuti Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Relationship Of

   ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ALTERED HS-CRP LEVELS AND  COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTSABSTRACTIntroduction: The incidence of cognitive impairment in acute ischemic stroke patients is increasing. The mechanism of the inflammatory effect, such as  elevated hs-CRP level, a  non-specific inflammatory marker  sensitive to chronic inflammation due to hypoperfusion as well other vascular risk, is thought to have an effect on cognitive function.Aims: To determine the relationship of cognitive function changes in acute phase of ischemic stroke with hs-CRP level changes on day 3 and day 7 after onset.Methods: This was a cross sectional study of 31 first-timer ischemic stroke patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The level of hs-CRP was checked on the 3rd day and 7th day after onset, while MoCA-Ina was assessed on the 7th day after onset. Cognitive disturbance was considered if MoCA <26. Analyses was done using SPSS 2.0Results: The average onset of day 3 Hs-CRP concentration was 0.66 (0.12-16.67)mg/dl and the onset of day 7 was 5.455 (0.14-17.34)mg/dl. The mean change of hs-CRP level between 3 day and 7 day after onset was -0,16 (-3.32-4.95). There was a significant correlation between elevated hs-CRP levels on day 3 and day 7 after onset with cognitive function of acute ischemic stroke patients.Discussion: There was a significant correlation between elevated hs-CRP levels on day 3 and day 7 after onset with cognitive function of acute ischemic stroke patients.Keyword: Acute ischemic stroke, hs-CRP, MoCA-Ina scoresABSTRAKPendahuluan: Insidens penurunan fungsi kognitif pada pasien stroke iskemik akut semakin meningkat. Hal ini diduga dipengaruhi oleh mekanisme efek inflamasi, meliputi peningkatan kadar high sensitive-C reactive protein (hs-CRP), salah satu penanda inflamasi non-spesifik yang sangat sensitif pada inflamasi kronis, akibat hipoperfusi maupun karena risiko vaskuler lainnya.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan perubahan fungsi kognitif pasien stroke iskemik fase akut dengan perubahan kadar hs-CRP hari ke-3 dan hari ke-7 setelah awitan.Metode: Studi potong lintang terhadap penderita stroke iskemik pertama kali yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar hs-CRP hari ke-3 dan hari ke-7 setelah awitan dan MoCA-Ina pada hari ke-7 setelah awitan. Fungsi kognitif dinyatakan terganggu jika MoCA-Ina <26. Analisis data menggunakan program SPSS 22.0.Hasil: Didapatkan rerata kadar Hs-CRP hari ke-3 setelah awitan adalah 0,66 (0,12-16,67)mg/dl dan hari ke-7 setelah awitan adalah 5,455 (0,14-17,34)mg/dl. Dengan rerata perubahan kadar hs-CRP awitan hari ke-3 dan awitan hari ke-7 adalah -0,16 (-3,32-4,95). Didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara perubahan kadar hs-CRP hari ke-3 setelah awitan dan hari ke-7 setelah awitan dengan fungsi kognitif pasien stroke iskemik akut.Kesimpulan: Didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara peningkatan kadar hs-CRP pada hari ke-7 dan kadar hari ke-3 dengan fungsi kognitif pasien stroke iskemik akut.Kata kunci: hs-CRP, MoCA-Ina, stroke iskemik akut 

scholarly journals A prospective study of spectrum of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV sero positive patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1856
Author(s):  
Ganedi Seshu Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Miliary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death in India contributing to 30% of total global burden. Approximately 0.5 million people dies of TB annually and 5% of the incident TB cases in India have HIV. So it is important to understand the effect of tuberculosis and HIV on each other. HIV epidemics have leads to increased number of tuberculosis cases with various presentations.Methods: It is an observational cross-sectional study of patients with HIV positive and pulmonary TB. Patients were investigated for HIV positivity by HIV coomb's test, if positive confirmed by capillaries and tridot method. Some patients, who are diagnosed as having pulmonary Koch, are sent for HIV testing. CD4 cells count as tested in all patients with HIV positive and severity of pulmonary TB and relation with CD count is studied in all patients.Results: In chest x-ray of patients we have observed that upper zone infiltration was found in 10 (16.67%) patients, mid and lower zone infiltration was found in 19 (31.67%) patients, bilateral infiltration and miliary tuberculosis was found in 22 (36.67%). We have found that 9 (15%) patients were presented with fibro cavitary lesion.Conclusions: From present study we can conclude that tuberculosis and HIV is common between 3rd and 5th decade of life with male predominance. It was more common in daily labourer and BMI was 18.22±3.21 kg/m2. Fever, weight loss and cough was most common presentation and present in more than 90% patients pallor and lymphadenopathy was common finding and present in more than 50% patients.

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