Physical activity and diet among adolescents of Kathmandu, Nepal: Knowledge and attitudes

Background: Non-communicable diseases are becoming more prevalent in Nepal and many risk factors attributing to these diseases are behaviour-related and therefore preventable. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes among students of grade eight and nine in Kathmandu toward physical activity and diet and their knowledge about how it affects their health. Methods: We conducted four focus groups that included 24 students to explore knowledge and attitudes toward physical activity among them. Focus groups were recorded and transcribed verbatim later. Method described by K. Malterud, inspired by Giorgi’s phenomenological method was used to analyze the transcribed material. Results: Participants considered physical activity to be benefi cial for health in many ways. They also believed that healthy food is important to avoid diseases. Several participants mentioned that a balanced lifestyle is essential for a healthy life. Conclusion: Though the students saw the importance of physical activity and a healthy diet to avoid diseases and stay healthy, most of them did not connect a lack of physical activity and unhealthy diet to possible noncommunicable diseases in the future. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v2i2.10623Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, Vol. 2, No. 2, Issue 4, Apr.-Jun., 2013, Page: 51-58

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Gender-specific behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in adolescent children

Medical Science And Education Of Ural ◽

10.36361/1814-8999-2020-21-3-21-24 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 21-24

Author(s):

S. A. Ushakova ◽

◽

A. D. Petrushina ◽

S. M. Klyashev ◽

O. Yu. Khalidullina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Health Care ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Behavioral Risk Factors ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Frequency Of Occurrence ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Gender Characteristics

Aim. To study the gender characteristics of such behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases as low physical activity and sedentary behavior in adolescent children. Materials and methods. A single-stage clinical study of a specially organized sample of older adolescent children aged 15-17 years (a decreed group for preventive medical examinations) living in urban and rural areas of the Tyumen region was performed in order to study the frequency of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDS). Results. Gender differences were found in the frequency of occurrence of behavioral NCDS in older adolescent children: Smoking for boys, low physical activity among girls. Low physical activity and Smoking were more common among urban girls compared to rural girls of the same age. Conclusion. The established gender characteristics of the frequency of occurrence of controlled NCDS in urban and rural children are the basis for planning and optimizing primary prevention in medical organizations that provide primary health care, including the organization of a modern model of school-oriented health care.

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Behavioural risk factors in university students in Bucaramanga, Colombia

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1183 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

R Martinez-Rueda ◽

M A Camacho ◽

I J Díaz

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Behavioural Risk Factors

Abstract Background The changes generated in the studentś lifestyle due to the academic demands, may favour the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases as well as compromise other domains of their life. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of behavioural risk factors in students of the Professional in Physical Activity and Sports program of a University in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 189 students was conducted. The students were surveyed with the first step of the STEPs questionnaire, which evaluates the behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases. A descriptive data analysis was performed, and Pearson tests were applied to determine the correlation between the analysed variables with a level of significance α = 0.05 using STATA 13.0. Results 80% of the participants were men. The age average was 22.7 ± 3.85 years. Regarding tobacco use, 10.1% of the participants were current smokers, while 30% smoked before. The majority of the participants (92.2%) have consumed alcohol within the past 12 months, while 69.8% consumed alcohol within the last month, with 8.7% of hazardous drinking. Concerning the diet, only 24.9% met the recommended consumption of fruits and vegetables per day. When assessing physical activity levels, only 6.3% were classified as physically inactive. Additionally, an average of 6 hours of sedentary behaviour was found, with 31.2% of excessive sedentary time. A weak correlation was found between age and academic cycle with the amount of physical activity at work (r = 0.24), (r = 0.18) and with sedentary time (r = -0.28), (-0, 32). Conclusions Although the prevalence of tobacco consumption was slightly higher than the national average, the students showed a lower prevalence of behavioural risk factors than the general population. However, it is necessary to promote strategies aimed at the control and prevention of these risk factors. Key messages Being a student of a program focused on physical activity and sport, can behave as a protective factor against the most prevalent risk factors in university life. It is necessary to implement more strategies centred on making students aware of the importance of the maintenance and improvement of their lifestyles in accordance with their professional profile.

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Inequities in intraurban areas in the distribution of risk factors for non communicable diseases, Belo Horizonte, 2010

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1809-4503201400030005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 629-641 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽

Regina Ivata Tomie Bernal ◽

Maria Cristina de Mattos Almeida ◽

Lenice Harumi Ishitani ◽

Anne Marielle Girodo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Alcohol Abuse ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Demographic Indicators ◽

Regular Consumption ◽

Whole Milk ◽

Belo Horizonte ◽

Health Districts

Objective: In order to identify intraurban differentials, the prevalence of major protection and risk factors for non communicable chronic diseases were analyzed in nine health districts of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Analysis of data from a telephone survey conducted with 2,000 adults in Belo Horizonte, in 2010, using the average linkage method for cluster analysis among the health districts, using sociodemographic variables (education, race and marital status). The study compared the prevalence of risk factors for non communicable diseases among the health districts. Results: Four clusters were identified. The best socio-demographic indicators were found in cluster 4 (South Central health district), which also showed a higher prevalence of protective factors such as higher consumption of fruits and vegetables, higher frequency of physical activity practice in the free time, use of ultraviolet protection, higher proportion of ex-smokers, and lower prevalence of whole milk and high-fat meat consumption. As a risk factor, cluster 4 showed a higher proportion of alcohol abuse. Cluster 1, with the worst socio-demographic indicators, concentrated more risk factors such as consumption of whole milk, low regular consumption of fruit and vegetables, and lower practice of physical activity in the free time. The most frequent protective indicators in cluster 1 were the regular consumption of beans, having breakfast at home, and lower alcohol abuse. Conclusion: Intra-urban differences were found in the distribution of risk and protection factors or non transmissible diseases, these differences can support planning aimed at actions for greater equity in health.

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Socio-demographic association of non communicable diseases’ risk factors in a representative population of school children: a cross-sectional study in Sousse (Tunisia)

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2015-0109 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Meriam El Ghardallou ◽

Jihene Maatoug ◽

Imed Harrabi ◽

Sihem Ben Fredj ◽

Sahli Jihene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

School Children ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Excess Weight ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Unhealthy Diet

Abstract Introduction: A better understanding of socio-demographic characteristics of subgroups, which have a high risk to develop chronic diseases, is essential to develop more efficient interventional programs especially for youth. This study aimed to determine the association between clusters of non communicable diseases (NCDs’) risk factors and the socio-demographic characteristics among a sample of Tunisian school children. Materials and methods: We conducted, in 2013/2014, a cross-sectional study among a proportional and stratified school children sample, selected in 17 elementary public schools in Sousse (Tunisia). A cluster analysis was used to identify different NCDs risk factors clusters, based on tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and excess weight. Subsequent χ2-tests were used to identify differences between the NCDs risk factors clusters in regards to socio-demographic characteristics. Results: Four clusters of NCDs risk factors were found: 1) Cluster 1: physical inactivity behavior with normal weight, 2) Cluster 2: physical inactivity behavior associated to excess weight, 3) Cluster 3: unhealthy diet associated to excess weight and low practice of physical activity, and 4) Cluster 4: smoking behavior with physical activity behavior. The pattern of cluster membership differed across sex (<10–3), school level, and socioeconomic level (<10–3) but there was no significant difference between clusters for mother’s education levels and household tenure. Conclusion: This study can have important implications for health policy and practice. Indeed, it found that many subjects have simultaneous multiple NCDs risk factors which leads to identify groups at risk and implement integrated intervention program.

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Level aktifitas fisik dan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler pada karyawan kantor di universitas

Jurnal Keolahragaan ◽

10.21831/jk.v8i2.32541 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Febriani Fajar Ekawati ◽

Tri Winarti Rahayu ◽

Hendrig Joko Prasetyo

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Activity Level ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

University Employees

Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama di dunia. Kurangnya aktivitas fisik dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit ini. Meskipun telah banyak penelitian yang menyelidiki tentang hubungan aktivitas fisik dan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler, hanya terdapat beberapa penelitian di Indonesia yang menelaah tentang peran aktivitas fisik dalam perkembangan penyakit kardiovaskuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang tingkat aktivitas fisik dan menyelidiki hubungannya dengan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler pada karyawan kantor di lingkungan Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian potong lintang, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 orang. Data level aktivitas fisik diperoleh dari International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Sedangkan faktor-faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler (gula darah, kolesterol, tekanan darah, lingkar pinggang, dan IMT) diukur dengan menggunakan alat ukur yang sesuai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa level aktivitas fisik karyawan berkategori Rendah sebesar 6.82%, Sedang sebesar 72.73%, dan Tinggi sebesar 20.45%. Berdasarkan uji Pearson Correlation, tekanan darah baik sistolik dan diastolik mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan level aktivitas fisik. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara level aktivitas fisik dengan faktor risiko lainnya dalam penelitian ini. Secara umum penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa level aktivitas fisik karyawan di lingkungan UNS adalah berkategori sedang, dan tekanan darah mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan aktivitas fisik. Physical activity level and cardiovascular risk factors among university employees AbstractNoncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) are one of the leading deaths in the world. Insufficiency of physical activity (PA) escalate the risk of NCDs. Although the reports of the studies investigating the relationship between PA and cardiovascular risk factors are abundance, only a few studies in Indonesia examined the role of PA in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to describe the level of PA and investigate the relationships between PA and cardiovascular risk factors among UNS employees. This was a cross sectional study with a sample of 44 university employees. PA level was assessed using IPAQ. Meanwhile cardiovascular risk factors such as plasma glucose, cholesterol, blood pressure, waist circumference, and BMI were measured using an appropriate tool for each measure. The results revealed that participants with low level of PA (6.82%), moderate category (72.73%), and high category (20.45%). Pearson Correlation analysis showed blood pressure both systolic and diastolic had a significant association with PA level. There was no a significant association between PA level and others cardiovascular risk factors in this research. Generally, this study exhibited the level of PA among UNS employees in the moderate category, and blood pressure had a significant association with PA.

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Prevalence and Determinants of High Blood Pressure among Adolescents: A School based Study in Rural Area of Hooghly District, West Bengal

International Journal of Research and Review ◽

10.52403/ijrr.20211127 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 205-210

Author(s):

Malay Kumar Das ◽

Rabindranath Sinha ◽

Aparajita Dasgupta

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Food Intake ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Body Mass ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Fast Food ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction: The World Health Organization has already warned of increasing non-communicable diseases among adolescents as a major public health problem. The importance of this age group also lies in the fact that many serious diseases in adulthood have their roots in adolescence. Method: A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used in class-room setting to collect information from students regarding presence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases. The respondents were also subjected to anthropometric measurements and blood pressure examination using standard operating procedures. Results: A total of 761 students of class VI-XII participated in the study of which 61.4% were boys and rests were girls. High blood pressure among boys and girls were 19.9% and 22.1% were respectively. In Bivariate analysis age > 15 years (median) (OR= 2.11), fast food intake (>3 times/week) (OR= 1.66), Alcohol consumption (OR= 2.22), less physical activity (OR=1.54), increased body mass index (OR=2.53), significantly associated with high blood pressure. In Multivariate analysis age (AOR= 2.25), fast food intake (AOR= 1.50), Alcohol consumption (OR= 2.23), less physical activity (AOR=1.71), increased body mass index (AOR=2.42) remains significant predictor. Conclusion: Detecting the risk factors of high blood pressure prevalent in the population is of utmost importance to achieve a healthy population. Formulation and dissemination of need--based, culturally acceptable and age appropriate scientific messages for school students should be conducted more proactively. Keywords: Adolescents, Blood pressure, Risk factor, Rural school.

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Correlation between phq-9 score and physical activity level, risk factors and non-communicable diseases in patients in family medicine clinic

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-011-0022-4 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 372-377

Author(s):

Zivana Gavric ◽

Anna Culafic ◽

Brankica Markovic

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Family Medicine ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Family Doctor ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Activity Level ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Normal Limits ◽

Patient Health

AbstractThe work of physicians in primary health care is essential in prevention and early detection of health risk factors. To determine the incidence of depression among patients in family medicine clinics, as well as the correlation between depression, risk factors and NCDs, and to determine correlation between depression (PHQ-9 score) and the level of physical activity. The pilot study was conducted from January to March 2010 on 100 patients using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The family doctor randomly interviewed and measured patients’ weight, height, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and cholesterol and noted the presence of earlier diagnosed non-communicable diseases. The data for 92 patients were processed according to PHQ-9 and IPAQ guidelines. Out of 92 patients, 59 (64,1%) had PHQ-9 score ≤ 4 which suggests the absence of depression. The PHQ-9 score median was within normal limits, therefore, treatment was not required and there was no difference in PHQ-9 score median between patients with respect to age and sex. The level of physical activity was moderate in 39,1%, heavy in 35,9% and walking as physical activity in 25,0% of patients. Correlation coefficient between PHQ-9 score and MET score (r=−0,241) was statistically significant (p<0,05), as well as between PHQ -9 score and anxiety (r=0,27; p<0,01). Most studies show a correlation between depression and physical activity. It is essential to promote physical activity in order to prevent anxiety, depression and non-communicable diseases.

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