scholarly journals Assessment of Patients’ Knowledge, Perception and Safety Regarding MRI Scan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susmita Shrestha ◽  
Bibek Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Perception ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Scan Time

Correction: The page numbers on this article were changed from 4-20 to 3-19 on 31/08/2020. Introduction: We presume that the knowledge of patients about Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) scan is of utmost importance for smooth workflow, patient comfort, patients’ safety and to mitigate patients’ compliance and save valuable scan time. Therefore, the purpose ofthis study was to determine the awareness of patients undergoing MRI scan regarding Knowledge, Perception and Safety. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital from April to September, 2018. Total of 310 patients referred to undergo MRI scan were assessed by a questionnaire form covering 4 parts: Part 1- aimed to gather the socio demographic data such as age, sex, occupation and educational status of patients, Part 2- included the knowledge regarding MRI and its safety, Part 3- comprised the patient perception before MRI scan and Part 4 constituted the patient perception after MRI scan.The form was filled by an investigator oneself in a face to face interview with the patients. Results: Among 310 patients, 35.2% were illiterate and 19.4% graduated from high school. Majority of 85.5% patients answered that MRI uses harmful ionizing radiation like CT scan and radiography. Almost 43 patients who answered MRI functions in disease treatment also answered decreased in pain after MRI scan (Male = 15 and Female = 28) were in age group between 25 years and 50 years. This study also revealed that majority of 26.8% (i.e. n = 83) patients faced problem as claustrophobia along with anxiety during the scan, out of which 13 patients have history of previous MRI scan. Conclusions: In our study decrease in pain was higher in diagnosis and treatment answer. Majority of the patients faced anxiety along with claustrophobia during the MRI scan. Assessment of patient knowledge, perception and safety regarding MRI scan can be the key to increase patient compliance and save valuable scan time.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Pharmacovigilance among Doctors at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital Birgunj, Nepal

Med Phoenix ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Smita Singh ◽  
Deependra Prasad Sarraf ◽  
Prabin Singh ◽  
Pragati Poudyel
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Medical College ◽  
National Medical

Introduction: Pharmacovigilance helps in the detection and prevention of adverse effects of drugs. For the effectiveness of this program, health care professionals should report adverse drug reactions (ADRs) considering it as their moral and professional obligation. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the doctors towards ADRs and pharmacovigilance in  National Medical College Teaching Hospital (NMCTH), a tertiary care teaching hospital situated in the Narayani zone. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire consisting of four parts; first part included a demographic profile of participants, the second part consisted of ten questions for the assessment of the knowledge about pharmacovigilance, third part comprised of six questions on attitude and fourth part consisted of five questions on practice. The results were depicted in the form of percentages for each KAPs questionnaire.   Results: The response rate of participants was 85.16%. Pharmacovigilance was correctly defined by 52%. Department of drug administration was responsible for monitoring ADRs in Nepal was correctly given by 80%. Only 8% had reported ADRs, although 62% had encountered an ADR in their clinical practice. Conclusion: The doctors at NMCTH had a poor KAP towards pharmacovigilance and educational intervention is needed for the proper functioning of this program.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Pressure Ulcer Management among Nurses

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Shrestha ◽  
P Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Ulcer ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Experience Education

Background: Pressure ulcer (PU) development remains a significant complication among at-risk patients. It is considered “never events” because they are preventable and should “never” happen. It has been associated with increased morbidity, mortality, hospital cost and length of stay in the hospital. Prevention of pressure ulcers is considered a nurse-sensitive indicator hence nurses should have adequate knowledge about current evidence-based prevention and management of pressure ulcer. However, non adherence to these guidelines is frequent and lack of knowledge may act as barriers to using guidelines in clinical practice.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to 1. assess the knowledge of pressure ulcer management among nurses 2. determine the level of knowledge of pressure ulcer management among nurses 3. assess the association of knowledge of nurses and baseline variables.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted, using pretested self administered questionnaire to assess the knowledge on pressure ulcer management among purposively selected 100 nurses working in Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital in 2015. Descriptive statistics as frequency and percentage were used and inferential statistics (Chi-square test) was done to find out association between knowledge and selected baseline variables.Results: The study revealed that 59% of the respondents had adequate knowledge where as 41% of nurse’s knowledge was found to be inadequate. Significant association was not found between age, working ward, experience, education, training, duration and knowledge of pressure ulcer management among Nurses.Conclusion: This result indicates that more than half of the nurses had the adequate knowledge but there is still need of education and training related pressure ulcer management.Journal of Gandaki Medical CollegeVolume, 09, Number 2, July December  2016, Page: 47-51

scholarly journals Knowledge of Vitamin D among First-year Medical Undergraduate Students of a Medical College: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (235) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratibha Manandhar ◽  
Naresh Manandhar ◽  
Sunil Kumar Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Medical Undergraduate ◽  
Medical Undergraduate Students

Introduction: Vitamin D also known as the sunshine vitamin, helps in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis. It is estimated that one billion people in the world have vitamin D deficiency making it a public health problem. The objective of this study is to find out the knowledge regarding vitamin D among first-year medical undergraduate students of a medical college. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out from 2nd February 2020 to 15th February 2020 at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Duwakot among medical undergraduate students of a medical college. Ethical clearance was received from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital (Reference Number: 2812201809). A structured self-designed multiple-choice questionnaire on vitamin D knowledge was used. Convenient sampling method was applied and statistical analysis was done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20 version. Results: Out of total 157 undergraduate medical students, 21 (13.3%) exhibited good knowledge, 116 (73.9.8%) had average, and 20 (12.8%) had poor knowledge. There were 83 (52.9%) Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery students, 39 (24.8%) were Bachelor of Dental Surgery and 35 (22.3%) were Nursing students. Conclusions: We found a satisfactory level of knowledge of vitamin D among first-year undergraduate medical students of a medical college when compared to similar studies. The majority of students from all three disciplines had average knowledge of vitamin D.

scholarly journals A Pattern of Age-related Macular Degeneration

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (175) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suprada Pokhrel ◽  
O K Malla ◽  
C L Pradhananga ◽  
S N Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Introduction: Age related macular degeneration is a disorder of the macula most often clinicallyapparent affecting central vision and is one of the leading causes of blindness in the populationabove 50 years. The aim of this study is to determine clinical profi le of AMD in Nepalese presentingto a Teaching Hospital in Kathmandu.Methods: It was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. The subjects included in the study were thosepresenting to the Ophthalmology department of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospitalfrom July 2007- Dec 2007.The total number of individuals included in the study were 402 and totalnumber of eyes were 804.Results: AMD was observed in 5.2% out of 402 subjects of 40 years and above age group withprevalence increasing with age. The prevalence of AMD was 0.7% within 40-50 years of age-groupindividuals increasing to 2.6% in 51-60 years, 6.5% in 61-70 years and to 19.3% among subjectsabove 71 years. This study revealed that the prevalence of AMD in females was higher with femalepreponderance in ratio of 2.5:1. 52.5 % AMD subjects in our study had visual impairment with 6/24-6/60 vision and 15% had vision <3/60-PL. Our study revealed statistically signifi cant increased riskfor AMD with aging (p=0.00). Increased risk was observed in female gender and diabetics though theOdds ratio (OR) was statistically insignifi cant (p=>0.01).Conclusions: Prevalence of AMD in Nepalese presenting to Kathmandu Medical College TeachingHospital was 5% with female preponderance in ratio of 2.5:1. Aging showed statistically signifi cantincreased risk for AMD development in this study.Key Words: Age-related macular degeneration, blindness, Nepalese, prevalence

scholarly journals Pattern of superficial venous arrangement in cubital fossa among preclinical Nepalese MBBS students at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Sanjib Kumar Sah ◽  
Sidarth Timsinha ◽  
Raju Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Shah ◽  
Umesh Kumar Mehta
Keyword(s):  
College Teaching ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reconstructive Microsurgery ◽  
Cubital Fossa ◽  
The Right

Background: The superficial veins of the cubital fossa are frequently variable in existence and arrangement. Many clinical procedures, such as reconstructive microsurgery and arterial bypass surgery, as well as intravenous injections or therapy, require the use of superficial veins. Aims and Objective: The aim of the study was to observe and describe the variations in anatomical distribution of the superficial veins of the cubital fossa in Nepalese pre-clinical medical students. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study included a total of 98 students between 18 to 24 years of age. A total of 196 anterior aspects of both arms were examined for cubital venous pattern. A tourniquet was applied at the mid-arm and drawing of the pattern of veins was made on a separate unglazed paper. The venous patterns in the cubital fossa were then categorized based on their gender. Results: Six patterns of superficial veins of the cubital fossa were observed. The commonest pattern in both genders was type I pattern. No statistical significant difference was observed between patterns of superficial veins on the right and left cubital fossa (P = 0.728 and 0.825 respectively) in both male and female subjects. Conclusion: Our research showed six venous patterns of superficial veins at the cubital fossa in Nepalese population. Understanding the common anatomy, patterns and variations of superficial vein anastomosis is imperative as this knowledge would help those needing venous access for various medical procedures.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Perinatal Asphyxia in Neonates at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (219) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Raja Manandhar ◽  
Rydam Basnet
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

  Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is one of the major causes of perinatal and early neonatal mortality in developing countries. The main objective of this study was to observe the prevalence of perinatal asphyxia in babies born at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital over six month period (January to June 2019). All preterm, term and post term babies delivered at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital were included. Ethical clearance was received from Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College (Ref.:2812201808). Convenient sampling method was applied. Data analysis was done in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 18), point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: A total of 1284 babies delivered over six months period were enrolled in this study and 47 (3.66 %) babies were asphyxiated, at 95% Confidence Interval (2.64%-4.68%). The mean birth weight of asphyxiated babies was 2759.75±65 grams and gestational age was 37.57±2 weeks. Among asphyxiated babies, 15 (32%) babies were normal, 15 (32%) babies were in Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy stage I, 14 (30%) were in stage II and 3 (6%) were in stage III. Twenty Three (49%) asphyxiated babies had antenatal risk factors and all 47 babies had intrapartum risk factors leading to asphyxia. Conclusions: Prevalence of perinatal asphyxia was lower compared to that of other similar tertiary care hospitals. Perinatal asphyxia remains a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Oxytocin & Misoprostol in Active Management of Third Stage of Labour

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
N Ansari ◽  
CR Das
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: The third stage of labour is the period which follows the completed delivery of the foetus and consists of delivery of the placenta and its attached membranes.Aims and objectives: Comparison of oxytocin & misoprostol in active management of third stage of labour.Material and Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur from March 2013 to March 2014. Group A - Oxytocin 10 IU IV bolus in 100 patients and Group B - Misoprostol 600 micro gram rectally. The collected were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 15.Results: After active management with bolus oxytocin, the blood loss was grossly reduced being 40-100ml in 84% cases and only 7% had blood loss more than 100ml. blood loss between 200-300ml were only 6% and only 3% had PPH, after misoprostol 80% of cases had blood loss within 40 – 100 ml., 6% cases had blood loss within 100 – 200 ml. and larger amount of blood loss i.e. between 200 – 300 ml. was observed in 7% cases, in 3% cases blood loss was between 300 – 400 ml. and 4% of women in this group had PPH.Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference in the efficacy of oxytocin and misoprostol in reducing amount of blood loss and duration of labour rd in 3 stage of labour.Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College Vol.12(1) 2014: 22-24

scholarly journals Sleep Pattern and Problems in Young Children Visiting Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Level Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shrijana Pandey ◽  
Shristi Bhattarai ◽  
Anwesh Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Waking Up

Background. Sleep is an important parameter of a child’s growth and development. The pattern and duration of sleep varies with age. Sleep problems are a common occurrence during childhood days, and these problems that establish in childhood are presumed to continue later in life. Many times, parental concerns regarding their child’s sleep problems like difficulty in putting to sleep, frequent night time awakening, and waking up early are overlooked during their visits to the hospital. Objective. The aim of this study was to find out the sleep patterns and problems of children aged six to thirty-six months. Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the pediatric outpatient department of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from October, 2019 till March, 2020. Two hundred and forty-nine respondents were chosen purposively and were given questionnaires to be filled out. Research instrument was a standard, Nepali version of a structured questionnaire called Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) which contained questions related to sleep parameters and sleep problems existing among young children of 6-36 months. Mean, standard deviation, frequencies, and Kruskal Wallis test were used for statistical analysis. Results. The mean duration of total sleep was 12.12 ± 2.00 hours, while that of night sleep was 9.22 ± 1.19 hours and mean daytime nap was 2.90 ± 1.66 hours. Most of the children (96%) coslept with their parents, and 55% of the children had feeding as a bedtime ritual. Overall, 19.6% of the children had sleep problems as identified by BISQ although only 5.6% of the parents perceived that their children had it. Conclusions. Sleep problems were present among young Nepalese children included in our study, and sleep assessment should be a part of every health checkup for children.

Ultrasonographic Assessment of the Distance of Sciatic Nerve Bifurcation from the Popliteal Crease and its Depth from Skin in Volunteers

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
U. Sharma ◽  
S. Lama Moktan ◽  
S.B Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nerve Blocks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ultrasonographic Assessment

Background Sciatic nerve block used for various surgeries below knee and for maintenance of analgesia demonstrates wide variability regarding its bifurcation into tibial and common peroneal nerves, frequently accounting for incomplete nerve blocks. Objective To determine the variation of sciatic nerve bifurcation among Nepalese volunteers. Method This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesiology of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from March to May 2019, where 110 healthy volunteers underwent ultrasonography of sciatic nerve starting from popliteal fossa to its bifurcation. The distance between the bifurcation of sciatic nerve from popliteal crease and depth of the nerve at that point from the skin were measured. Result The mean distance at which sciatic nerve bifurcated from the popliteal crease was 5.42 ± 1.37 cm. Most commonly, the sciatic nerve bifurcated at a distance of 5-7 cm from the popliteal crease in 110 limbs (50.45%). However, in 80 limbs (36.69%), the bifurcation was found at less than 5 cm from the popliteal crease. The depth of the nerve from the skin at the point of bifurcation was 1.72 ± 0.54 cm, with results showing it was deeper in females compared to males (p value < 0.001). Conclusion This study showed that though the distance of sciatic nerve bifurcation from the popliteal crease in our study group was coherent with the published literature of 5-12 cm; many volunteers also had this bifurcation at distances less than 5 cm. Females showed nerves to be deeper at the point of bifurcation than males.

Histopathological Evaluation of Gall Bladder In Cholecystectomy Specimens in a Tertiary Health Care Centre of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Rakesh Pathak ◽  
M Gupta ◽  
P Poudel ◽  
K Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Cholecystitis ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion

Gall bladder is one of the important digestive organ which encountered with different histopathological changes. Different changes in dietary habit, obesity, oral contraceptives, alcohal have shows increased pattern of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis and other pathological findings. Detail examination of gall bladder in cholecystectomy specimen helps to evaluate different histopathological pattern of gall bladder lesion and also help to differentiate non-neoplastic from neoplastic lesion and also helps in further management. This was a cross sectional study done in the Department of Pathology, Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, during the study of period of six months (Feburary 2020 to July 2020). A total of 127 patients between 16 years to 63 years with mean age of 40.54±10.88 years. There were 127 cholecystectomy specimens were received during study period and out of which 94 were female and 33 were male. On histopathologial evaluation, chronic cholecystitis was most common findings followed by chronic cholecystitis with cholesterolosis. Other findings were chronic cholecystitis with adenomyosis, chronic cholecystitis with pyloric metplasia, chronic cholecystitis with intestinal metpalsia, chronic cholecystitis with polyp, acute on chronic cholecystitis, Xanthogranulomatous cholecytsitis and adenocarcarcinoma . Median age was 40.54 years. It was concluded that Chronic cholecystitis was the most common histopathologcial findings and the common groups was 41-50 years. Routine examination of cholecystectomy specimens grossly and microscopically is important for patient management Though a very few cases of carcinoma of Gall bladder is seen, it is very important to make sure that all cholecystectomy specimens undergone histopathological examination, with this, we can achieve timely diagnosis and early managements.

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