scholarly journals Groundwater recharge to the confined aquifer system in the Terai plain of Nawalparasi district, western Nepal: a hydrochemical approach

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Pathak ◽  
G. Krishna Rao
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
River Water ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Confined Aquifer ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Unconfined Aquifers ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Major Chemical

Groundwater recharge estimate is an essential part of the management of the water resources. The Terai plain of Nepal with multi-aquifer system and a number of river systems need thorough understanding on their interconnection. Groundwater samples from the dugwells, shallow tube wells, deep tube wells, and river water were analysed for major chemical constituents. The chemistry of confined aquifer system is found to be different from the unconfined aquifers. The groundwater recharge to the confined aquifers is therefore believed to be not by vertical infiltration from the shallow aquifers but directly from the palaeo and present river beds. Estimation of groundwater recharge in parts of the Terai plain by rainfall factor warrants rethinking.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF GROUNDWATER RECHARGE EXPERIMENTS IN LARISA PREFECTURE

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
G. Soulios ◽  
K. Voudouris ◽  
D. Kalfountzos ◽  
T. Kaklis ◽  
M. Sotiriadis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Artificial Recharge ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Acceptable Solution ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Pilot Tests

Thessaly is the most important agricultural region in Greece and their economic development is influenced by the availability of water resources. During the last decades the overexploitation has lowered the groundwater level. The paper presents the results of artificial recharge in the aquifer system of Larisa prefecture through injection borehole and trench. The experiments took place during the period March - April 2006. The field experiments provided useful guidance on the planning of pilot tests, data monitoring and analysis, which can also be applied to other regions with similar hydrogeological conditions. Finally, this work confirms that groundwater recharge using the wintertime torrential flows is an environmentally acceptable solution, as part of an integrated water resources management strategy.

Using Groundwater Responses to Infer Recharge - Part 5

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Armstrong ◽  
K Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Time Lag ◽  
Worked Examples ◽  
Unconfined Aquifer ◽  
Confined Aquifer ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Unconfined Aquifers ◽  
Event Basis

Analytical methods of assessing the response of groundwater levels to a range of factors, including elastic (barometric and tidal) influences in confined aquifers and recharge to unconfined aquifers due to infiltration of rain and other surface water, are presented. Responses in a confined aquifer to distant recharge events and the associated time lag is discussed. Also covered are responses to changes in storage volume resulting from direct recharge at the outcrop of an unconfined aquifer system both seasonally and on a single recharge event basis. Worked examples and case histories are used to illustrate methods of estimating the amount of recharge at different sites within a catchment. The application of vertical cross-sectional flow nets to the estimation of recharge is presented in the context of recharge/discharge profiles.

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater flow mechanisms in shallow aquifer in Yaoundé, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1334-1348
Author(s):  
Alain Fouépé Takounjou ◽  
Gloria Takem Eyong ◽  
Dorice Kuitcha ◽  
Robert Kringel ◽  
Wilson Fantong Yetoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Urban Groundwater ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Anthropogenic Input ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Flow Mechanisms ◽  
Major Chemical

Abstract Hydrogeochemical processes and flow mechanisms of groundwater in the urban area of Yaoundé were investigated using major chemical constituents, stable isotopes (18O and 2H), and multivariate statistical analysis. Thirty five groundwater samples were collected and analysed for various parameters. Hydrogeochemical evolution visualized with the Gibbs diagram showed that the groundwater is mainly controlled by water–rock interactions. Factor analysis on the other hand identified three major groups of geochemical constituents and showed that weathering and anthropogenic inputs are the dominant factors controlling groundwater chemistry in the study area. Isotopic analyses revealed that oxygen-18 of groundwater (18O = −2.96 ‰ VSMOW) is close to that of rainfall (18O = −2.47), indicating that the groundwater is recharged by rainwater without evaporation. The geogenic composition of urban groundwater in Yaoundé is modified by secondary processes and anthropogenic input.

scholarly journals A statistical approach to evaluate the chemistry and quality of groundwater in Jamankira area, Sambalpur district, Orissa, India

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
J. K. Jena ◽  
P. K. Verma ◽  
H. K. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Residual Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Sodium Percentage ◽  
Major Chemical

The groundwater quality in the Jamankira area of Sambalpur district was evaluated to determine its hydrogeochemical variability. A total of thirty groundwater samples were analysed for their major chemical constituents. The quality of groundwater was estimated on the basis of total dissolved solids, sodium adsorption ratio, sodium percentage, residual sodium carbonate, and Piper’s trilinear diagram. Cluster analysis was used in the study as a qualitative means for differentiating the groundwater into distinctive types. The cluster analysis shows: 1) Ca-HCO3-SO4-Mg bearing calcium-rich water and 2) Na - K-Cl bearing sodium-rich water in the study area.

Drinking water quality and protection of resources

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
J. Fettig
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Water ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Water Lake ◽  
Treatment Step

Abstract The structure of public water supply in Germany and the water resources used are briefly described. An overview over the legal requirements for drinking water is given, and the sources for contaminants are outlined. Then the multiple-barrier approach is discussed with respect to the resources groundwater and spring water, lake and reservoir water, and river water. Examples for treatment schemes are given and the principle of subsurface transport of river water as a first treatment step is described.

An Investigation of the Quantity, Quality and Sources of Groundwater Seepage into the St. Clair River near Sarnia, Ontario, Canada

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sklash ◽  
Sharon Mason ◽  
Suzanne Scott ◽  
Chris Pugsley
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
River Water ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Seepage Rate ◽  
Groundwater Seepage ◽  
Seepage Meters ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Hydraulic Gradients ◽  
Unidentified Source

Abstract We used seepage meters and minipiezometers to survey a 100 m by 7 km band of streambed of the St. Clair River near Sarnia, Ontario, Canada, to determine the quantity, quality, and sources of groundwater seepage into the river. The average observed seepage rate, 1.4 x 10−8 m3/s/m2, suggests higher than expected hydraulic conductivities and/or hydraulic gradients in the streambed. We found detectable levels of some organic contaminants in streambed groundwater samples from 1.0 and 1.5 m depths, however , concentrations did not exceed drinking water guidelines. Our isotopic and electrical conductivity data indicate that: (l) the streambed groundwater is not just river water, (2) groundwater from the “freshwater aquifer” at the base of the overburden Is not a significant component of the streambed groundwater, (3) some of the streambed groundwater is partially derived from a shallow groundwater flow system, and (4) an unidentified source of water with low tritium, river water-like δ18O, and very high electrical conductivity, contributes to the streambed groundwater.

Isolation and HPLC Determination of the Chemical Components of Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Ying Wei ◽  
Yongqiao Liu ◽  
Yifan Hele ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time

Background: Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten is an important type of medicinal plant found in several Chinese provinces. It has been widely used in folk medicine to treat various illnesses. However, there is not enough detailed information about the chemical constituents of this plant or methods for their content determination. Objective: The focus of this work is the isolation and characterization of the major chemical constituents of Gentianella acuta, and developing an analytical method for their determination. Methods: The components of Gentianella acuta were isolated using (1) ethanol extraction and adsorption on macroporous resin. (2) and ethyl acetate extraction and high speed countercurrent chromatography. A HPLC-DAD method was developed using a C18 column and water-acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Based on compound polarities, both isocratic and gradient elution methods were developed. Results: A total of 29 compounds were isolated from this plant, of which 17 compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time. The main components in this plant were found to be xanthones. The HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated for their determination, and found to show good sensitivity and reliability. Conclusion: The results of this work add to the limited body of work available on this important medicinal plant. The findings will be useful for further investigation and development of Gentianella acuta for its valuable medicinal properties.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical Characterisation of High-Fluoride Groundwater and Development of a Conceptual Groundwater Flow Model Using a Combined Hydrogeological and Hydrochemical Approach on an Active Volcano: Mount Meru, Northern Tanzania

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2159
Author(s):  
George Bennett ◽  
Jill Van Reybrouck ◽  
Ceven Shemsanga ◽  
Mary Kisaka ◽  
Ines Tomašek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
Arusha National Park ◽  
The Impact

This study characterises high-fluoride groundwater in the aquifer system on the flanks of Mount Meru, focusing on parts of the flanks that were only partially or not at all covered by previous research. Additionally, we analyse the impact of rainwater recharge on groundwater chemistry by monitoring spring discharges during water sampling. The results show that the main groundwater type in the study area is NaHCO3 alkaline groundwater (average pH = 7.8). High F− values were recorded: in 175 groundwater samples, the concentrations range from 0.15 to 301 mg/L (mean: 21.89 mg/L, median: 9.67 mg/L), with 91% of the samples containing F− values above the WHO health-based guideline for drinking water (1.5 mg/L), whereas 39% of the samples have Na+ concentrations above the WHO taste-based guideline of 200 mg/L. The temporal variability in F− concentrations between different seasons is due to the impact of the local groundwater recharge. We recommend that a detailed ecohydrological study should be carried out for the low-fluoride springs from the high-altitude recharge areas on the eastern and northwestern flanks of Mount Meru inside Arusha National Park. These springs are extracted for drinking purposes. An ecohydrological study is required for the management of these springs and their potential enhanced exploitation to ensure the sustainability of this water extraction practice. Another strategy for obtaining safe drinking water could be to use a large-scale filtering system to remove F− from the groundwater.

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