Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of pigeons (Columba sp. Linnaeus, 1758) in three temples of Pokhara valley, Nepal

The present study was conducted to determine the general prevalence, identification, compare area-wise as well as infection-wise prevalence and find out activities on health care of pigeon (Columba sp.) in three temples viz. Bhadrakali temple, Bindhyabasini temple and Tal Barahi temple of Pokhara valley. Iodine wet mount and different concentration technique (floatation and sedimentation) were used for faecal qualitative tests whereas verbally administered questionnaires for interview and Microsoft Excel and “R” software packages were used inanalyzing data. Out of 120 faecal samples collected by opportunistic random faecal sampling method examined, general prevalence rate of parasitic infection was 69.16%. Total of seven gastrointestinal parasites that includes one subclass of protozoan: Coccidia (19.16%) and six genera of helminths: Capillaria sp. (31.67%), Ascaridia sp. (21.66%), Echinostoma sp.(7.50%), Syangamus sp. (5.83%), Hymenolepis sp. (3.33%) and Hetarakis sp. (2.50%) were identified and reported first time in Nepal. The prevalence rates (55%) of helminths were higher than protozoan parasites (19.16%). The higher prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was in Bhadrakali temple with 77.50% followed by Tal Barahi temple (72.50%) and lowest in Bindhyabasini temple (57.50%). Statistically, the difference in prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection among study area was found to be insignificant whereas the difference in prevalence of single infection (43.83%) and mixed infections (25.83%) were also insignificant. No any activities on health care of pigeon regarding the gastrointestinal parasites were found. The study indicates that pigeons in three temples of Pokhara valley were highly susceptible to gastrointestinal parasites.

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Zoonotic Gastrointestinal Parasites of Baboons (Papio anubis) in the Shai Hill Reserve in Ghana

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/1083251 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

John Asiedu Larbi ◽

Stephen Akyeampong ◽

Amina Abubakari ◽

Seth Offei Addo ◽

Dinah Okoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Papio Anubis ◽

Concentration Technique ◽

Faecal Samples ◽

Parasite Infections ◽

Medical Importance ◽

High Level ◽

And Control

Several intestinal parasites of baboons are of zoonotic importance, especially where there is considerable interaction between the baboons and humans. The identification of gastrointestinal parasite infections of baboons (Papio anubis) was undertaken at the Shai Hills Reserve Resort, Ghana. A total of 51 faecal samples were collected randomly from individual baboons (51) and examined for cysts, eggs, and larvae of parasites of medical importance, using the direct saline smear and formol-ether concentration technique. The baboons were in 7 troops and were grouped into juveniles, subadults, and adults. The survey showed that 92% of the baboon samples examined were infected with at least one or more parasite(s) of medical importance. Hookworm had the highest prevalence of 38.39% followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (22.32%), whilst Diphyllobotrium latum recorded the lowest prevalence of 0.89%. Adults had the highest prevalence of A. lumbricoides (35.42%). Hookworm (47.92%) occurred most in the juveniles. This is the first report of intestinal parasitic infection in baboons within the Shai Hills Reserve. The results showed a high level of multiparasitism in the nonhuman primates, thus the need for possible interventions to maintain ecosystem health and control the infections as they may be a potential source of transmission to humans.

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The Prevalence, Intensity and Risk Factors of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections in Outpatients in Bafoussam II, West Region, Cameroon

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2021/v42i1530519 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 25-36

Author(s):

Yannick Duclair Tchinde ◽

Lem Edith Abongwa ◽

Fotsing David ◽

Ntonifor Helen Ngum

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Staining Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Concentration Technique ◽

The Difference

Background: Gastrointestinal parasitic infections remain a public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and density of gastrointestinal parasites and to identify the risk factors of their transmission. Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from June to October 2020, on outpatients visiting the Djeleng Sub divisional medical centre in Bafoussam II. All consenting participants provided a stool sample and completed an open-ended questionnaire. Stool samples were examined simultaneously as fresh wet mounts, formal-ether concentration technique and modified Zieihl Neelsen staining technique. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Results obtained from this study revealed that the overall prevalence and mean intensity of parasite infection was 29.1% (94/323) and 1464±314 ppg respectively. Parasites recovered were: Entamoeba histolytica 54.26% (51/94), Trichomonas intestinalis 21.28% (20/94), Entamoeba coli 19.15% (18/94), Cryptosporidium spp 3.19% (3/94) and Trichuris trichiura 2.13% (2/94). Prevalence was slightly higher in males 31.76% (27/85) than females 28.15% (67/238) and the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.364). The prevalence was higher among individuals aged 21-30 years 35.22% (31/88). Most infected individuals resided in Djemoun 40.0%(4/10) and this prevalence was significant (p=0.025). Hair dressers harboured the highest rate of intestinal parasites 60.0% (6/10) and the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.235). Hand washing practices, washing of fruits, walking bare footed, toilet cleaning, screening of houses, pet possession, and frequency of nail trimming were not identified as risk factors associated with gastrointestinal parasitic transmission (p>0.05). Conclusion: Provision of health education, improving personal and communal hygiene, and community based deworming with addition of antiprotozoal drugs should be of major focus to prevent and control these infections.

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Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle and sheep in three municipalities in the Colombian Northeastern Mountain

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2019.48-54 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 48-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Pinilla Leon ◽

Nelson Uribe Delgado ◽

Angel Alberto Florez

Keyword(s):

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Age Group ◽

Statistical Association ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Eimeria Spp ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Cattle And Sheep

Aim: The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in cattle and sheep from three municipalities in the Colombian Northeastern Mountain. Materials and Methods: Overall, 200 fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum in cattle and sheep. The presence of helminths eggs and coccidial oocysts in fecal samples was detected using McMaster and Dennis techniques. Identification of eggs or oocysts was done on the basis of morphology and size of the eggs or oocysts. Results: The global prevalence of GI parasites was 56.3%. Regarding the prevalence by municipalities, there was no statistical association (p>0.05), indicating that the prevalence was similar in the three municipalities. The prevalence of parasitic infection was higher in sheep (63%) as compared to that of cattle (50.5%), but the difference was nonsignificant (p>0.05). The most prevalent parasites were Eimeria spp., Fasciola hepatica, and Strongylida order. Regarding the results for Eimeria spp., different degrees of positivity were observed, but there was no statistical association (p>0.05) with respect to the age group. Likewise, there was no statistical association (p>0.05) between the prevalence for Strongylida order and F. hepatica with respect to the age group. Conclusion: Cattle and sheep in Colombian Northeastern Mountain were infected with helminths and coccidia. The prevalence values of GI parasites were moderate in both species warranting treatment. The presence of F. hepatica represents a risk factor to health public. Future studies are required to evaluate the parasitic dynamics throughout the year and the impact on animal production.

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Seasonal Occurrence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Horse (Equus Ferus Caballus) From Dhaka City Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Zoology ◽

10.3329/bjz.v49i2.56266 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 301-319

Author(s):

Hamida Khanum ◽

Sharmin Musa ◽

Rimi Farhana Zaman ◽

Fahmida Sarkar ◽

Rawshan Ara Mitu

Keyword(s):

Rainy Season ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

P Value ◽

Dhaka City ◽

Concentration Technique ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ancylostoma Duodenale ◽

National Zoo

The study was conducted to understand the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in horse during June, 2017 to April, 2018 from Bangladesh National Zoo, Puran Dhaka and Rajarbagh Police Line of Dhaka city. A total of 48 faecal samples were collected from horses and examined by Direct Smearing technique and Formol Ether Concentration technique. Out of 48 samples 47 found positive for gastrointestinal parasitic infection with an overall prevalence of 97.92 %. Highest prevalence was identified (77.1 %) in Parascaris equorum, followed by 70.8 % in Hymenolepis nana, 62.5 % in Isospora sp., 50 % in Ancylostoma duodenale, 39.6 % in Toxocara sp., 35.4 % in Entamoeba sp., 25 % in Trichuris sp., 20.8 % in Fasciola hepatica 16.67 % in Capillaria sp., 8.3 % in Taenia sp. and Opisthorchis sinensis, 4.2 % in Moniezia benedeni and Thysaniezia sp. Highest intensity (72.97± 46.32) was found for Isospora sp. The p value was 0.01, p < 0.05 so the prevalence rate was statistically significant.A significant difference was founded in prevalence between male and female horse where females were highly infected and also seasonal variation showed significant differences. Highest prevalence was recorded in winter and Rainy season (100 %) followed by summer (95 %). The intensity of parasites was highest in rainy season (63.38 ±79.94) followed by summer (55.47 ±29.73) and winter (49.5 ±28.58) Bangladesh J. Zool. 49 (2): 301-319, 2021

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Gastrointestinal parasitic infection in Gir Cattle (Bos primigenius indicus) and Jaffrabadi Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from Junagadh, Gujarat, India

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35376/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jatin V. Raval ◽

Riddhi M. Sachaniya

Keyword(s):

Parasitic Infection ◽

Bubalus Bubalis ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Toxocara Vitulorum ◽

Balantidium Coli ◽

Faecal Samples ◽

Buxtonella Sulcata ◽

Fasciola Spp

Abstract Coprological analysis was performed to check the presence and previlance of gastrointestinal parasites. One hundred seventy six bovine faecal samples were studied. The study reported the presence of parasitic stages of Balantidium coli, Buxtonella sulcata, Trichostrongylus spp., Toxocara vitulorum, Fasciola spp., Strongyloid spp., and Paraamphistomum spp. 43.51 % (n = 108) faecal samples from Gir cattle (Bos primigenius indicus) were positive for Gastrointestinal parasitic infections. and 36.76 % (n = 68) faecal samples from Jaffrabadi Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were positive for Gastrointestinal parasitic infections. In Cattle Balantidium coli was found highest (20.37 %) and in Buffaloes Buxtonella sulcata was found highest (8.82%). the highest incidence was recorded during august for both cattle (6.48 %) and buffalo (7.35 %). Gastrointestinalparasitic infections in claves (< 12 Months) was higher than older (> 60 Months) and adult animals (12-60 Months). Season wise gastrointestinal parasitic infections in cattle were reported maximum (23.15 %) during monsoon. Maximum prevalence in buffalo was reported during Monsoon (16.18 %). similarly, females recorded higher infection rates than malesfor both cattle and buffalo.

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Gastrointestinal Parasites of Captive Asiatic Black Bear in Three Zoological Parks of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Zoology ◽

10.3329/bjz.v48i1.47881 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 119-125

Author(s):

Fahmida Tasnim Liza ◽

Mandira Mukutmoni ◽

Aleya Begum

Keyword(s):

Parasitic Infection ◽

Black Bear ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Asiatic Black Bear ◽

Central Park ◽

Concentration Technique ◽

Zoological Parks ◽

High Prevalence ◽

National Zoo

Forty-two freshly defecated fecal samples from captive Asiatic Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus) were collected between May 2017 and April 2018 from Bangladesh National Zoo, Dhaka, Shaheed A.H.M. Central Park and Zoo, Rajshahi and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Safari Park, Gazipur. The collected samples were processed by Formol-ether concentration technique. Altogether nine different gastrointestinal (GI) parasites were observed and identified, which include one protozoan, Coccidia spp. (42.86%); four cestodes, Hymenolepis spp. (42.86%), Diphyllobothrium spp. (28.57%), Spirometra spp. (14.29%) and Taenia spp. (21.43%); and four nematodes Ascaris spp. (57.14%), Toxocara spp. (21.43%), Trichuris spp. (21.43%) and hookworms (35.71%). No trematode parasite was found during the study period. Dominance of helminth parasites (71.43%) over protozoan parasites was observed. The male bears were found more susceptible to parasitic infection than the females. The intensity of infection was found erratic in young and adult bears. The species diversity, animals feeding behavior and hygiene maintenance may be responsible for the high prevalence rate of gastrointestinal parasites in the present study. Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(1): 119-125, 2020

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A survey for potentially zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites of dogs and pigs in Cambodia

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2015-0083 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tawin Inpankaew ◽

K. Darwin Murrell ◽

Nongnuch Pinyopanuwat ◽

Chamnan Chhoun ◽

Kuong Khov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Domestic Animals ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Public Health Agencies ◽

Concentration Technique ◽

Faecal Samples ◽

Health Agencies ◽

Zoonotic Parasite ◽

Fasciolopsis Buski ◽

Takeo Province ◽

Reservoir Hosts

AbstractThere is little information available on parasites of zoonotic significance in Cambodia. In 2011, in an effort to obtain data on potentially zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites in domestic animals, 50 dogs and 30 pigs residing in 38 households located in Ang Svay Check village, Takeo province, Cambodia were examined for parasites from faecal samples. The samples were processed using the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique (FECT). Hookworms were the most common zoonotic parasite found in dogs (80.0%) followed by Echinostomes (18.0%). While, in pigs, Fasciolopsis buski was the most common zoonotic parasite (30.0%) followed by Ascaris suum (13.3%). This study provides baseline data on gastrointestinal parasites in dogs and pigs from Cambodia and underscores the importance of domestic animals as reservoir hosts for human parasites for Cambodian veterinary and public health agencies. Follow-up studies are required to further taxonomically characterize these dog and pig parasites and to determine their role in human parasites in this community.

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Intestinal Parasitic Investigation in Temple Rhesus Monkeys of Kathmandu

The Initiation ◽

10.3126/init.v4i0.5530 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anwita Jha ◽

Mukesh K Chalise ◽

Rebati M Shrestha ◽

Kedar Karki

Keyword(s):

Disease Transmission ◽

Rhesus Monkeys ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Single Infection ◽

Multiple Infections ◽

Microscopical Examination ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

Parasitization Rate ◽

Faecal Samples ◽

Concentration Methods

The rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) of Kathmandu come into frequent contact with humans and due to their habit of residing in the religious and parkland of human proximity, there is possibility of zoonotic and anthroponotic disease transmission between them. So, a prevalence survey of gastrointestinal parasites of these monkeys was conducted during April and May 2005 in three temples Pashupatinath, Swyombhunath and Tripureshwor. Total 121 fresh faecal samples, were collected randomly from these areas that were about fifteen percent of total monkey population. The faecal samples were analyzed by direct smear and concentration methods. The overall parasitization rate was 76.86% with the highest in Pashupatinath (86%) followed by Swyombhunath (74%) and Tripureshwor (61.9%). About 27.96% had single infection while 72.04% had mixed infection. This showed that the presence of one parasite reduced the immunity of the host as a result multiple infections existed. Parasite identifications were based upon the size and appearance of trophozoites, cysts, eggs and larvae of parasites. Both protozoan and helminthes parasites were observed in varying rates in three temples. Three species of protozoa and ten species of helminths were detected by microscopical examination of faecal samples. Human is always prone to be infected by most of these parasites so they are of zoonotic importance. The study will enrich the information on temple monkeys and will support their ecological management in human proximity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v4i0.5530 The Initiation Vol.4 2011 1-7

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Study of Intestinal Parasitosis among School Going Children in Pokhara, Nepal

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences ◽

10.37107/jhas.54 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 47-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kamal Singh Khadka ◽

Hari Prasad Kaphle ◽

Krishna Gurung ◽

Yogendra Shah ◽

Manoj Sigdel

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Age Groups ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Concentration Technique ◽

Concentration Method ◽

Asymptomatic Children ◽

Intestinal Parasitosis ◽

Hook Worm ◽

Pokhara Valley

The study was carried out in order to estimate the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in school-going children in schools located in Pokhara, Nepal from November 2011 to January 2012. A total number of 100 stool samples were collected from children of ages 3 to 15 years. A questionnaire including the factors predisposing to parasitosis was filled up and parasitic examination was carried out by direct wet mount examination and concentration method using standard formal ether concentration technique. The prevalence rate was found to be 15%. Prevalence of parasitic infection was higher in girls (16%) than in boys (14%) and age group 8-12 years were found to be more suffering (17.3%) than other age groups. The occurrence of parasitic infection in symptomatic children was found to be 40% and 10% in asymptomatic children. The symptoms were found statistically significant with infestation of parasites. Intestinal infection was highest in Dalit students (20%) compared to other caste students. Prevalence of parasitic infection in other caste was 15% in Brahman, 9.5% in Newar and 9% in Chhetri. Among 15 positive cases 5 types of parasites were detected. The results showed Giardia lamblia to be the most common parasite. Occurrence of other intestinal parasites was Entamoeba histolytica (26.6%), Ascaris lumbricoides (26.6%), Trichuris trichura (6.6%) and Hook worm (6.6%). The study concluded that intestinal parasitosis is still public health problem among school going children of Pokhara valley especially among Dalit students. Key words: Intestinal parasitosis, Formal ether concentration, Children, Pokhara, Nepal

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Gastrointestinal parasites in rural dogs and cats in Selangor and Pahang states in Peninsular Malaysia

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.2478/s11686-014-0306-3 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Romano Ngui ◽

Soo Lee ◽

Nan Yap ◽

Tiong Tan ◽

Roslan Aidil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽

Control Measures ◽

Concentration Technique ◽

Current Prevalence ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Prevention And Control Measures

AbstractTo estimate the current prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in dogs and cats, a total of 105 fresh faecal samples were collected from rural areas in Peninsular Malaysia. Each faecal sample was examined for the presence of GI parasites by microscopic examination after formalin-ether concentration technique and for protozoa, trichrome and Ziehl-Neelsen staining were employed. The overall prevalence of GI parasitic infection was 88.6% (95% CI = 82.5–94.7) in which 88.3% of dogs and 89.3% of cats were infected with at least one parasites species, respectively. There were 14 different GI parasites species (nematodes, cestodes and protozoa) detected, including Ancylostoma spp. (62.9%), Toxocara spp. (32.4%), Trichuris vulpis (21.0%), Spirometra spp. (9.5%), Toxascaris leonina (5.7%), Dipylidium caninum (4.8%), Ascaris spp. (2.9%), Hymenolepis diminuta (1.0%) and others. General prevalence of GI parasites showed a significant difference between helminth (84.4%) and protozoa (34.3%) infections. Monoparasitism (38.1%) was less frequent than polyparasitism (46.7%). As several of these GI parasites are recognized as zoonotic agents, the results of this investigation revealed that local populations may be exposed to a broad spectrum of zoonotic agents by means of environmental contamination with dogs and cats faeces and this information should be used to mitigate public health risks. Prevention and control measures have to be taken in order to reduce the prevalence rates especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities where animals live in close proximity to people, poor levels of hygiene and overcrowding together with a lack in veterinary attention and zoonotic awareness.

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