scholarly journals Clinical and Bacteriological Profile of Male Patients with Urethral Discharge at Western Regional Hospital, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-182
Author(s):  
Anand Nepal ◽  
Kapil Subedi ◽  
Jitendra Shah ◽  
Manoj Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Laboratory ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Urethral Discharge ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhea ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Western Regional ◽  
One Year

Background: Urethral discharge is a symptom of urethritis. Common organisms causing urethral discharge are Neisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis. Cephalosporines, Macrolides and Tetracycline groups of drugs are commonly used for the treatment. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, cross sectional, observational study. The patients were enrolled from the Sexually Transmitted Infections clinic and also from the hospital laboratory in between the period of one year. All the male cases with urethral discharge at STI clinic in between this period were included for clinical examination and laboratory testing. All urine and discharge specimens of urethral discharge patients as referred from other departments directly to the hospital laboratory for relevant tests were also included for the study. Results: Neisseria gonorrhea was the most common agent of urethral discharge in male patients. Urethral discharge, dysuria and inguinal lymphadenopathy were common symptoms. All the Neisseria gonorrhea isolates were sensitive to Ceftriaxone and Imipenam. Conclusion: Continuous monitoring with culture sensitivity testing of urethral discharge cases is required.

scholarly journals Coinfection of Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV-Positive Individuals: Cross-Sectional Results of a Community-Based Positive Living with HIV (POLH) Study in Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna C. Poudel ◽  
Kalpana Poudel-Tandukar ◽  
Paula H. Palmer ◽  
Tetsuya Mizoue ◽  
Masamine Jimba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhea ◽  
Living With Hiv

In Asian concentrated HIV epidemics, data on coinfection of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among HIV-positive individuals are limited. The authors measured the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhea (NG), and syphilis, and their correlates among 319 HIV-positive individuals in Kathmandu, Nepal. The authors tested blood samples for syphilis and urine samples for CT and NG. Overall, 17 (5.3%) participants had at least 1 STI (CT: 1.3%, NG: 2.8%, and syphilis: 1.2%). Of 226 participants who had sex in past 6 months, 51.3% did not always use condoms. Older (aged 35-60 years) participants were more likely (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-12.33; P = .024) and those who were currently married (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.09-0.97; P = .046) or on antiretroviral therapy (AOR = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.06-0.71; P = .012) were less likely to have at least 1 STI. Our results suggest the need to strengthen the efforts to screen and treat STIs and to promote safer sexual practices among Nepalese HIV-positive individuals.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness on Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Commercial Sex Workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
MR Haque ◽  
K Ghosh ◽  
H Sultana ◽  
E Saha ◽  
A Kafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
One Year ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control

Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the level of awareness on prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases among 120 sex workers.Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted for one year. Data were collected through face to face interview using Bengali questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS 17.0 software.Place and Period of Study: The study was conducted from January 1st to December 31st of 2014 among 120 sex workersliving in brothel of Daulodia,Rajbariin Bangladesh.Results: More than half (58.7%) of the respondents had children in the brothels. All the respondents (100%) heard about the sexually transmitted diseases. Majority (86.7%) of the respondents had knowledge on AIDS. Only a few (4.2%) respondents had knowledge on AIDS and Gonorrhea. Majority (91.7 %) of the respondents had knowledge on STD transmission from pregnant women. Almost all (97.5%, 98.3%)) of the respondents had the knowledge about STD transmissionnot from toilet or shaking hands respectively.Almost all of the (95.8%, 94.2%, 94.2%, 85.8% )respondents had the knowledge on STD transmission through sexual intercourse,injection,through mosquito,sharing same razor respectively. Most of them (81.7%) had good level of knowledge on STD transmission. Only above one tenth (11.7%) had moderate and poor level of knowledge.Almost all of them (96.7%, 95.9%, 95.9%) were found touse condom, agreed to keep one partner at a time,to reduce the number of sex partner respectively.Most of them (89.3%)did not knowthe HIV status of partner before sex,almost all (97.5%, 94.2% and 97.5%) agreed to avoid risky sex,to screen blood during transfusion, to avoid sharing needles & blade respectively. All (100%)of the respondents agreed for need of sexuality education for preventing STD.Almost all (98.30%)of the respondents had good awareness on Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. There was no association between level of education and level of awareness (P> 0.005), between age and level of awareness (P> 0.005) and between duration of work and level of awareness (P> 0.005).Conclusion: Education is the most consistent and important determinant for prevention of STDs among all classes of people.TAJ 2016; 29(2): 47-56

scholarly journals Study of genital dermatoses in pregnant females attending a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Seeniammal Sivanu ◽  
Maalik Babu ◽  
Soundharyaa Moorthi Savadamoorthi
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
One Year ◽  
Infective Etiology

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Sexually transmitted infections (STI) prevalence in pregnancy is high and causes severe risk of transmission to the newborn. Usually they are asymptomatic and underdiagnosed. Most common STI’s are VVC, HPV, genital herpes, HIV, etc.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A hospital-based cross-sectional study was done for a period of one year (September 2017- August 2018) and 31 pregnant genital dermatoses were encountered.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among 31, infective etiology was seen in 15 cases (48%), non-infective etiology was seen in 3 cases (10%) and no STI’s were seen in 13 patients (42%). Vulvovaginal candidiasis was most common among pregnant females in 9 patients (60%) followed by genital warts in 3 patients (20%) followed by molluscum contagiosum, herpes genitalis and oral candidiasis in one patient (7%) respectively among infective etiology. Non-infective causes include vulval lymphangiectasia, epidermoid cyst and vascular swelling in one patient respectively (33.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Screening of antenatal cases is more important to prevent complications. </p>

scholarly journals Associated factors of willingness to undergo routine chlamydia trachomatis screening among hospital-based patients in Shenzhen, China: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongxing Weng ◽  
Fuchang Hong ◽  
Chunlai Zhang ◽  
Lizhang Wen ◽  
Xiangsheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ct Screening ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
One Year ◽  
Correct Understanding

Abstract Background Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) with significant morbidity. The study aimed to explore the willingness to undergo routine CT screening and its associated factors among hospital-based patients in Shenzhen. Methods We used data from the Shenzhen Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Intervention Programme. Participants were recruited with a stratified purposeful sampling design from 1 April 2018 to 16 May 2018. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on baseline characteristics and CT-related participant information. Results Of the 16,546 participants, 64.79% were women, with a mean age of 31.85 ± 7.31 of all participants. Of the participants, 88.78% were willing to undergo routine CT screening. According to multivariate logistic regression analyses, willingness to undergo routine CT screening was associated with the following (P < 0.05): being a woman (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.34–1.75), one year or more residency in Shenzhen (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.37–1.95), any secondary education (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.92–3.15), monthly income ≥ RMB 10,000 (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.01–1.51), having forgotten CT diagnosis history (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.12–1.79), without current STI-related symptoms (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.10–1.41), and having correct understanding of the sequelae of CT infection (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.39–2.03). Conclusion This study reported high willingness to undergo routine CT screening among hospital-based patients in Shenzhen, and provided evidence for the promotion and the implementation of strategies and recommendations on routine CT screening in China.

scholarly journals Reasons and Associated Problems for Not Replacing Lost Teeth: A Cross-sectional Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 965-969
Author(s):  
Parthasarathy Natarajan ◽  
Seenivasan Madhankumar ◽  
Karthigeyan Jeyapalan ◽  
Shanmuganathan Natarajan ◽  
V. Anand Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Government ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

To find out and to understand the reasons and the associated problems for not substituting the lost teeth and to make an attempt in reducing the possible cause of not replacing the missing teeth. A total of 300 patients who had visited to the Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Medical college & research institute with aged above 25 years with as a minimum of one missing teeth (excluding third molars) not replaced for more than three months and have visited the Institute other than for replacement of the missing teeth were selected. The study includes a predesigned and structured questionnaire containing seven (closed end) questions and followed by clinical examination recording the number and positions of the missing teeth. All the data were statistically analyzed. Statistical analysis shows the 42% of the patients find economical reason as the main hurdle for the replacement of the teeth followed by 33% of patients finds lack of time and remaining 25% of the patients are unaware of replacing the missing teeth. The 62% of male patients were found to be not pleased with their existing oral condition in terms of mastication of food & whereas 61% of female patients were found to be not satisfied with the aesthetics of the present dentition. Out of the various reasons, the economic reasons was the key reason for non- replacement of missing teeth. The patients having missing posterior teeth had more than the one-year duration of edentulousness. It can be suggested that, to reduce the economic burden in replacing the missing teeth, the Government of India and the insurance providers can include the dental treatment in their list of treatment covered by the health insurance.

scholarly journals Association of Testosterone Level among Lepromatous and Borderline Leprosy Male Patients: Experience of 30 Cases in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Abu Sayeed Mohammad ◽  
Tarequzzan Mia ◽  
MA Hamid ◽  
Shahadat Hossain ◽  
Zulfiqur Hossain Khan
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hormonal Dysfunction ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Background: Hormonal dysfunction is reported among the leprosy patients. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the association of testosterone level among male patients presented with lepromatous and borderline leprosy. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Leprosy Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to December 2016 for a period of one year. All patients with a known diagnosis of leprosy under follow up at the hospital were included in the study. The serum concentration of testosterone was measured using an enzyme immunoassay technique (ELISA) (DiaMetra, Spello, Italy). Result: A total number of 30 cases of leprosy were recruited for this study. The mean with SD of the study population was 39.20±9.065 years. Among 30 cases of study population 26 cases were lepromatous leprosy patents and the rest 4 cases were Borderline Leprosy patients. The mean with the standard deviation of testosterone level in serum was 6.41±4.756 mg/dL and 4.71±2.396 mg/L in lepromatous leprosy and borderline leprosy respectively (p=0.497). Conclusion: In conclusion there is no statistically significant relationship between leprosy and testosterone; however, lower level of testosterone is found among the study population Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(2):36-39

scholarly journals Prevalence of Venereophobia among Patients of Non-Venereal Genital Conditions- a Cross-Sectional Hospital Based Study from Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Vikash Paudel ◽  
Deepa Chudal ◽  
Upama Paudel ◽  
Dwarika Prasad Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
One Year

Background Venereophobia is the fear of getting venereal diseases or sexually transmitted diseases. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and describe the varying clinical pattern of dermatoses among patients with venereophobia in non-venereal genital conditions. Materials and Methods This was a hospital-based, prospective, cross-sectional observational study conducted in a tertiary center in Kathmandu, Nepal, over a period of one year. A nonprobability purposive convenient sampling technique was used to select the samples. Two hundred patients were enrolled in the study. Ethical approval was taken prior to the study. A detailed history along with a complete cutaneous examination was carried out in all patients and recorded in preformed proforma. Patients with symptoms and clinical signs of sexually transmitted infections were excluded from the study. Results The prevalence of venereophobia among non-venereal dermatosis was 18%. The mean age of the patient with non-venereal genital dermatosis was 29.5 ± 15 years. The male to female ratio was 17:2. About 72% of the total patients were married. The most common symptoms of patients with venereophobia were genital itching, whereas about 44% were asymptomatic. The common dermatological disorders associated with venereophobia were pearly penile papules, genital vitiligo, irritant contact dermatitis. Three fourth of the patient with venereophobia had multiple sexual exposures. Conclusions Venereophobia is an important issue to be focused on patients with genital dermatosis and a significant number of patients might have venereophobia even in non-venereal genital dermatoses. A proper genital and psychiatric evaluation might prevent misdiagnosis and complications.

scholarly journals Prescribing pattern of anti diabetic drugs in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus with co-existing hypertension in a tertiary care teaching hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 761
Author(s):  
Jay Kumar Sharma ◽  
Shailesh P. Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Ratio ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
One Year

Background: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension frequently co-exist in a patient. In such patients, the risk of complications, morbidity and mortality increases. One should be careful in management and choosing drugs. Authors undertook this study to understand the prescribing pattern of the physicians in diabetic hypertensive patients.Methods: This cross sectional, observational study was conducted in type 2 diabetic outdoor patients with co-existing hypertension, for duration of one year. We used descriptive statistics to analyze data of 615 patients to determine prescribing pattern of drugs.Results: 93.17% of patients were more than 40 years of age. Ratio of female to male patients was 1.30. Mean duration of diabetes was 5.81 years. Multi drug anti diabetic regimes (54.47%) were common than monotherapy (43.90%). Commonly prescribed anti diabetic drug groups were biguanides (89.27%), Sulfonylureas (43.90%) and insulin (15.28%). Metformin (89.27%), glibenclamide (29.11%) and insulin (15.28%) were commonly prescribed anti diabetic drugs. Metformin was the most common monotherapy drug and biguanide + sulfonylurea was the most common two drug combination. Commonly prescribed drugs for co-morbid conditions were enalapril (83.41%), aspirin (30.41%), amlodipine (29.76%) atorvastatin (27.32%) and famotidine (26.34%). Average number of drugs prescribed in a prescription was 4.65. Prescriptions with injections were 15.93% and with brand names were 13.15%.Conclusions: Prescribing pattern of drugs was as per current practices and recommendations of guidelines. Still, there is room for improvement in choice of drug, prescribing drug with generic name and choosing drug from essential medicine list.

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