Etiological Factors of Non Alcohol Non Gallstone Related Acute Pancreatitis: A Cross sectional hospital based study from Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata,  West Bengal

Background Gall stone diseases and alcohol are the two most common causes of acute pancreatitis. The present work was undertaken to identify the various etiological factors in acute pancreatitis after excluding alcoholism and gall stone diseases. The etiology of an attack of non alcohol non gall stone acute pancreatitis is highly variable. The main objective was to identify the causing factor, because it can have an effect on the specific treatment of acute pancreatitis. . This is a rare cross- sectional study of its kind which is the first one to be reported from India. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional community based study was designed and conducted in Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India from July 2009 to June 2011. Z test and Chi square test were used to observe the variation between different variables and strength of the relationship with logistic regression. Odd ratios were calculated and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results CMV was the commonest etiology of non alcohol and non gallstone acute pancreatitis 26.7% followed by HEV 6.7% and Pancreas Divisum 6.7%%, SOD 3.3%, EBV 3.3%, Mumps 3.3%, Hepatitis 3.3%, Tumour 3.3%, Choledochal cyst 3.3%,Drugs 3.3% and Gallstone 3.3%. Logistic regression analysis finding indicates that acute pancreatitis was found more prevalent in < 40 yrs [OR 2.076,95%(CI 0.339, 12.716)] and among patients having monthly income of <5000 rs/month yrs [OR 1.4,95%(CI 0.224, 8.768)] . According to the severity of CT grading, Patients had Grade D severity [OR 2.667,95%(CI 0.158, 45.141)], Grade C[OR 1.333,95%(CI 0.104, 17.098)] and Grade E [OR 1.333,95%(CI 0.88, 20.108)]as compared to Grade B severity of CT. Conclusion In the study an etiological factor was evident among almost 3/4th of the patients of non-alcoholic and non-gallstone pancreatitis. The most common etiological factors were CMV followed by HEV. These results rather suggests that the most diligent workup including a biliary microcrystal analysis, a sphincter of Oddi manometry and possible gene analysis for hereditary disorders may further reduce the apparently idiopathic group in the analysis of such patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i3.10663 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014; 4(3): 351-62

Download Full-text

Clinical Profile and Underlying Cause of Acute Pancreatitis among a Group of Bangladeshi Patients

Medicine Today ◽

10.3329/medtoday.v32i1.44823 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 21-24

Author(s):

ANM Saifullah ◽

Madhu Sudan Saha ◽

Bimal Chandra Shil ◽

Ali Monsur Md Shariful Islam ◽

Arifa Akhter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Gall Stone ◽

Clinical Profile ◽

Medical Emergency ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

North East ◽

Medicine Today

Introduction:Acute Pancreatitis is a medical emergency, which is one of the most common conditions for hospital admission. Very few studies have yet investigated in Bangladesh. Objective of this study was to define demographic characteristics, clinical profile & underlying etiologies. Materials and Methods: This hospital based cross sectional descriptive study was performed in Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka & North East Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh from January 2015 to December 2017. One hundred and five consecutive patients of acute pancreatitis (AP) were enrolled for this study. Clinical features and investigations were systematically recorded. Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was made by the presence of the two of the three following criteria: i. abdominal pain consistent with the disease ii. serum amylase and /or lipase greater than three times from the upper limit of normal, and/or iii. characteristic findings of abdominal imaging. Results: Total of 105 patients took part in the study, of them 65 were male. The mean age was 42.76 ±15.88. Abdominal pain & vomiting was the most common mode of presentation. Gall stone and hypertriglyceridaemia were responsible of 20% of acute pancreatitis. Ascariasis also causes acute pancreatitis in two patients. Conclusion: Acute pancreatitis is a condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Ascariasis also causes acute pancreatitis in endemic area. Patients usually respond conservative treatment but endoscopic treatment is effective in few cases. Surgery is rarely required. Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(1): 21-24

Download Full-text

Estimation of Perceived Stress among Doctors in a Peripheral Tertiary Government Medical College of West Bengal: A Cross-sectional Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/45974.14731 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ranjan Das ◽

Nazrul Mallick ◽

Ashis Debnath ◽

Bijit Biswas ◽

Sumit Mukherjee

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

West Bengal ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Moderate Level ◽

Government Medical College ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Family Problem ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Doctors working in a tertiary care teaching hospital suffers higher symptoms of psychological distress. The impact of excessive stress may affect the individual employee and the organisation in terms of productivity and performance. Aim: To estimate the perceived stress among doctors and to find out the sources of their stress in a peripheral Government Medical College of West Bengal. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study, cross-sectional in design, conducted to assess the perceived stress and specific stressors among 95 doctors who were posted in a peripheral Government Medical College from June to November 2019. A Perceived Stress Scale (PSS 10) questionnaire was used to assess the perceived stress. Psycho-social and Environmental stressors were assessed using 11 items questionnaire. Data were analysed using the IBM statistical package for social sciences, (SPSS) software program (version 20.0) (Chicago, USA). Results: The majority of the participant (80%) had moderate level of stress, while 10.5% had low stress and 9.5% had severe stress. The mean PSS score in this study was 20.49±5.61. In univariate logistic regression analysis, significant association was found with loneliness {Odds Ratios (OR) 9.3; 95% Confidence Interval (CI)= 2.9-29.9}, family problem (OR 2.7; 95% CI=1.1-6.6) and quality of food (OR 2.9: 95% CI=1.2-7.0). Finally, loneliness (AOR 9.6; 95% CI=2.7-34.1) and family problem (AOR 3.7; 95% CI=1.3-10.1) came out to be statistically significant predictors of stress in multivariable logistic regression. Conclusion: Majority of doctors had moderate level of stress and they felt upset, nervous and stressed in last one month of preceding the survey. Professional counseling for the doctors to improve their coping and resilience behaviours is highly recommended.

Download Full-text

A STUDY ON EXPRESSION PROFILE OF BASAL MARKER CD44 AND LUMINAL MARKER CK20 IN UROTHELIAL NEOPLASM AND ITS CORRELATION WITH WHO GRADING AND STAGING OF TUMOUR

10.36106/ijsr/9321151 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 29-32

Author(s):

Krishnendubikas Bag ◽

Anish kumar Rakshit ◽

Gopinath Barui

Keyword(s):

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

West Bengal ◽

Strong Association ◽

Lower Grade ◽

Tumour Grade ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Over Expression ◽

Medical College ◽

Basal Marker ◽

Luminal Marker

Aim: Histomorphological study of urothelial carcinoma on TRBT and Cystectomy specimen and its categorization on the basis of WHO grading & pTNM staging and to nd out the correlation between CK20 and CD44 exprression with tumour grade, pTNM staging. Material And Method: This descriptive cross sectional prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, R G Kar Medical College & Hospital Kolkata in collaboration with Department of Urosurgery, R G Kar Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal. The present study is intended to nd out over expression of CD44 & CK20 in Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder and correlate with tumour grade and clinical features. Result: There is strong association between CD44, CK20 expression and Stage of Urothelial Carcinoma cases and had a strong association between CD44 expressions and grade Urothelial Carcinoma cases. Conclusion: CK20 overexpression was seen more signicantly in High Grade tumours HGPUC (p < 0.05) as well as advanced stage pT2 and CD44 overexpression was more signicantly in lower grade tumours LGPUC (p<0.05) as well as lower stages pT1 in urothelial carcinoma. An inverse relasionship was noted in the staining patterns of CK20 and CD44 within individual cases as well as aggregate data,with (68.24%) of tumours with CD44 loss showing CK20 positivity.

Download Full-text

SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND ANTHROPOMETRIC PROFILE OF DIABETIC PATIENTS ATTENDING IN A DIABETIC CLINIC IN A TERTIARY MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, WEST BENGAL

10.36106/9100420 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 12-15

Author(s):

Smarajit Banik ◽

Sandip Saha ◽

Sudipan Mitra ◽

Ujjwal Pattanayak ◽

Rajib Sikder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

West Bengal ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Diabetes Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Study Participants

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality. With a rise in non communicable diseases in India, diabetes has become a modern epidemic showing a rising trend in West Bengal also. A large number of diabetes patients come to the diabetes clinic of our tertiary care hospital in North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Darjeeling, West Bengal. The large proportion of patients presenting with this condition prompted us to study the Sociodemographic and Anthropometric Prole of such patients. Methods: This was a descriptive hospital based cross sectional study involving a total of 344 diabetic patients enrolled in the diabetes clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital from December 2019 to February 2020. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data and was analyzed in Microsoft excel sheet and using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: Among the 344 study participants, we found that 220 (63.95%) were males and 124 (36.05%) were females. Diabetes was more common among those aged 51-60 years 108 (31.40%). Family history was present among 188 (54.65%) of the diabetic patients. Almost 160 (46.51%) patients have diabetes 1.1 – 5 years. Hypertension was present among 216 (62.79%) patients. Almost 218 (63.37%) of the patients were overweight and 84 (24.42%) were obese. Conclusions: The diabetic patients presenting to this tertiary care hospital belong lower socioeconomic strata and having limited education in their age group. There is high proportion of obesity and hypertension among them.

Download Full-text

Magnitude of hypothyroidism among patients of cholelithiasis in a tertiary care centre in rural West Bengal: a prospective study

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20214374 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 3375

Author(s):

Jaganmoy Maji ◽

Debjyoti Mandal

Keyword(s):

Stone Formation ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Gall Stone ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Elder Patients ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Cholelithiasis is a common pathology of the gall bladder affecting about 10 to 15% of the adults in western countries and 2 to 29% in India. More than 80% of the patients with cholelithiasis are asymptomatic. Hypothyroidism may cause gall stone formation due to the hyperlipidemia, motility disorders affecting the bile duct and sphincter of Oddi.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Surgery, Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital, Bankura from March 2019 to February 2020 for duration of one and half year. The sample size was 54 and consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used for the sampling. All the collected data were recorded in a pre-designed proforma and analyzed in MS excel.Results: Out of 54-patients with cholelithiasis, 28% patients were from the age group 45-54 years.40% patients were hypothyroid pre-dominantly females. Among 30-female patients 11 (26.82%) were hypothyroid and among 11-male patients 2 (15.38%) were hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism in male and female was statistically significant.Conclusions: This study was introduced to determine the relationship between hypothyroidism and cholelithiasis. It was concluded that hypothyroidism was more common in female, obese and elder patients. The gender distribution of the hypothyroidism in patients with cholelithiasis was statistically significant while all other variables were statistically not significant.

Download Full-text

Demographic profile of Acute Pancreatitis in Eastern India: A Single Centre Experience

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v8i6.18282 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 24-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dibyendu Mukherjee ◽

Shantanu Bhakta ◽

Sandeep Lahiry ◽

Rajasree Sinha

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Eastern India ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Current Trends ◽

Single Centre Experience ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Gender Groups

Background: Little is known about the etiological risk factors of acute pancreatitis (AP) in Eastern India. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study is to assess current trends etiology of AP in Eastern India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study with cross-sectional design was undertaken based on available medical records of patients admit between January 2014 and January 2017 with physician-assigned diagnoses of AP at KPC Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata (n = 234). Multivariate analyses were done to identify risk factors, and distribution was compared on the basis gender. Groups were selected on the basis of a working diagnosis. A stratified comparison was done in 3 commonest etiology groups identified: ‘alcohol’, ‘non-alcohol’ and ‘idiopathic’.Results: The commonest etiology was attributed to alcohol (29.4%), idiopathic cause (20.5%), and obstructive cause (14.5%). Prevalence of AP was higher with alcoholism in men (37% vs. 10.8%; p < 00.1), however, other causes like idiopathic cause (12.3% vs. 37.8%), duct obstruction (1.2% vs. 43.2%), obesity (6.1% vs. 24.3%), and hypertriglyceridemia (6.1% vs. 14.8%) were higher among females ( p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Compared to non-alcoholics, patients with idiopathic AP were more likely to be overweight ( p = 0.019) and have T2 DM ( p = 0.021). Moreover, impact assessment of T2 DM status further revealed that the risk of AP was even greater with obesity (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.37; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.57 – 3.26; p = 0.047) and smoking (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.0 – 2.97; p = 0.049). Eighteen cases (7.7%) of ‘severe’ AP were identified, mostly due to: trauma in 6 (2.5%), idiopathic in 6 (2.5%), gallstones in 4 (1.7%), and alcoholism in 2 (0.8%).Conclusion: Alcohol intake is the predominant etiological risk factor for acute pancreatitis in Eastern India. Gender and type 2 diabetes mellitus are important contributory determinants.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 24-29

Download Full-text

Management of acute pancreatitis in the critically ill

10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0191 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Rajkumar Rajendram

Keyword(s):

Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Enteral Nutrition ◽

Parenteral Nutrition ◽

Severe Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Surgical Removal ◽

Gallstone Pancreatitis ◽

Nasogastric Feeding ◽

Open Necrosectomy

The major causes of morbidity and mortality in acute pancreatitis are organ dysfunction and infection of necrotic tissue. Management should aim to prevent, or to diagnose and treat, the complications of pancreatic inflammation, and any predisposing factors to avoid recurrence. Medical management is essentially supportive with oxygen, intravenous fluids, analgesia, enteral or parenteral nutrition, and correction of metabolic abnormalities. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis are unlikely to resume prompt oral intake so nutritional support is also required. Post-pyloric feeding is not required if nasogastric feeding is tolerated. However, enteral nutrition, whether oral, gastric, or post-pyloric, can cause pain, recurrence of pancreatitis or an increase in fluid collections, so parenteral nutrition may be necessary. The necrotic pancreas becomes infected in a third of patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Treatment of infection includes systemic antimicrobials, enteral nutrition, percutaneous aspiration, and necrosectomy. However, compared with open necrosectomy, a minimally invasive step-up approach consisting of percutaneous drainage followed, if necessary, by open necrosectomy, reduces morbidity and mortality. The aetiology of the pancreatitis must also be treated to prevent recurrence and the complications of pancreatic failure. Gallstones are the most common cause of pancreatitis that requires specific treatment. Endoscopic or surgical removal of stones may reduce the severity of pancreatitis. Patients should also have cholecystectomy after recovery from gallstone pancreatitis. Effective management of acute pancreatitis requires multidisciplinary engagement. The mainstay of management involves supportive prevention and treatment of complications, infection, and organ failure to avoid or delay surgery.

Download Full-text

Perception and Willingness towards Eye Donation in an urban community of West Bengal

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.3126/nepjoph.v12i2.28426 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 290-297

Author(s):

Shibaji Gupta ◽

Seshadri Kole ◽

Saikat Bhattacharya ◽

Debjani Guchhait

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Mass Communication ◽

West Bengal ◽

Urban Community ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Economic Class ◽

Medical College ◽

Corneal Blindness ◽

Eye Donation

Introduction: Corneal blindness, though treatable, contributes largely to the burden of blindness. With 1.2 million existing cases of corneal blindness in India, the demand for cornea collection is increasing. 69349 corneas were collected in 2018-19 but it is much less than what is needed. Faulty perceptions and unwillingness are two major hurdles against a scenario favourable towards eye donation. The objectives of the study was to assess the perception and willingness towards eye donation and the socio-demographic variables that affect such perception and willingness, in an urban community of West Bengal. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted among adult residents of the urban field practice area of Medical College Kolkata, data was collected from randomly selected eligible members, one each from all the available families by interviewing them using a validated pre tested schedule. Results: Eighty nine (52.3%) among 170 interviewed participants had Secondary level education or higher, 49.4% had outdoor engagement. 128 participants reported ocular morbidity in the family but only 126 had heard about eye donation. 98 (77.8%) of these 126, had favourable perception towards eye donation. Among these 98 participants, 40 were willing to pledge for eye donation. Higher education and outdoor engagement significantly predicted favourable perception, while willingness significantly increased with participants belonging to higher socio-economic class and with higher education. Conclusions: Compared to favourable perception, willingness of pledging eyes was lesser due to various false notions. Proper education through usage of means of mass communication and stress upon school education is needed to address these hurdles.

Download Full-text

Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 pandemic among medical students of Ernakulam, India

Journal of Ideas in Health ◽

10.47108/jidhealth.vol4.issspecial1.103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (Special1) ◽

pp. 337-342

Author(s):

Jacob Davies Kalliath ◽

Anuradha Kizhatil ◽

Brilly M Rose ◽

Ann Mary Kuncheria ◽

Alexander John

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Medical College ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: COVID – 19 infection is a serious pandemic the world is now facing. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 infection among medical students at a private medical college in central Kerala. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based study was conducted during April-May 2020 in a private medical college in Ernakulam District using the Universal sampling technique. The study tool was a semi-structured validated questionnaire containing sociodemographic details and questions on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding COVID-19 infection. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: A total of 288 students were included in the study, with a mean age of 21±1.4. The male-to-female ratio was 2.75:1. Medical students showed adequate knowledge (81.6%), attitude (91.3%), and practice (84.7%) towards the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. The main symptoms of COVID-19 infection were known to at least 83% of the participants. The majority (85.4%) were aware that there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 infection and 90% were aware of the main modes of the disease transmission. The majority (99%) of the medical students believed that COVID-19 infection could be prevented through social distancing, wearing masks, and the practice of self-hygiene. About 75.6% believed that government measures for prevention are adequate. Steam inhalation, saline gargling, and consumption of vitamin C-rich foodstuffs were the main specific measures adopted. Older age and female gender were found to be associated with better knowledge. Conclusion: Adequate KAP levels among medical students in this study are attributable to the current lockdown and the strict government measures to contain the infection.

Download Full-text

A cross sectional study on adequacy of blood transfusion and transfusion related infections in thalassemic patients attending a medical college hospital, West Bengal

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183105 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 3596

Author(s):

Tarun Kumar Sarkar ◽

Pulak Kumar Jana ◽

Jasmine M. ◽

Timiresh Kumar Das ◽

Mrinmoy Adhikary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Transfusion ◽

West Bengal ◽

Ferritin Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Medical College ◽

Study Participants

Background: Thalassemia is more prevalent in India. The main treatment of Thalassemia is blood transfusion. But the transfusion of blood has many side effects like iron overload, transfusion related infections etc. The objectives of the study were to assess the adequacy of blood transfusion for thalassemic patients and to determine the magnitude of transfusion transmitted infections among those patients.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal for 1 month with the sample size of 116. The blood samples from the patients were taken from the patients attending for blood transfusion in transfusion centre of Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital for two weeks dated from 24.04.2017 to 05.05.2017 to check for the hemoglobin, ferritin level and hepatitis B, C and HIV infection.Results: Among the 116 patients, even after transfusion, 94% of the study participants have their hemoglobin levels below 7 gm/dl. Only 2 individuals got their hemoglobin levels more than 9 gm/dl and only 1 patient got HIV infection post transfusion which accounts for 0.9% of study population.Conclusions: Frequent Hb estimation will help to maintain the adequacy of blood transfusion and proper screening of the blood before transfusion can help in reducing these transfusion transmitted infections.

Download Full-text