scholarly journals Impacts of brick kiln emission on agricultural soil around brick kiln areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mrinal Kanti Saha ◽  
Rakhi Rani Sarkar ◽  
Syed Jamal Ahmed ◽  
Abu Hanif Sheikh ◽  
Md Golam Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Brick Kiln ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Study Results

The study attempted to assess the impacts of the brick kilns emissions on the farm soil in and around the kiln areas. A total of 72 representative farm soil samples were collected from 12 selected brick kiln clusters in Rajshahi and Gazipur Districts of Bangladesh, covering two years (September 2015 to August 2017). The collected samples were analyzed using standard methods. The pH and organic matter content in the farm soil samples were found to be very low. The farm soil parameters such as pH, organic matter, and soil texture were found in critical conditions. Among all of the heavy metals, only Cr exceeded the permissible standard of some soil samples. The concentration of Cr ion varied from 9.50 to 52.77 and 16.54 to 70.13 ppm in Rajshahi and Gazipur Districts, respectively indicated the chance of metal contamination in plants. The study results showed that the values of contamination factor (Cif) and ecological risk factor (Eir) in the selected farm soil of Rajshahi and Gazipur Districts existed in the order of Cd > As > Cr > Pb > Zn and Cd > As > Pb > Cr > Zn, respectively. The study results also showed that the pollution load index and risk index values were lower than 1 and 150, respectively, at all sampling locations indicating lower pollution and risk from heavy metals in the areas. The study observed that continuous brick production over the periods degraded topsoil fertility and reduced agricultural productivity.

scholarly journals Assessment of Soil Fertility and Crop Nutrient Status in Agricultural Soils Near a Brick Kiln Cluster

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Nasrin Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Mamunur Rasid
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Brick Kiln ◽  
The Impact

Brick kiln exhaust when deposited can hamper the nutritional status of the agricultural soils and crops. To study the impact, soil and associated plant samples were collected from the vicinity of a brick kiln cluster in Chattogram, Bangladesh. The soil contamination was evaluated by heavy metal indices. Agricultural soils close to the brick kiln area were very strongly acid to slightly acid. Organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus content of the agriculture soils near brick kiln cluster were 0.35% to 1.01%, 0.10 to 0.24% and 2.21 to 13.48 mg kg-1 respectively and the significant different mean value of 0.70%, 0.22% and 14.65 mg kg-1 respectively in the reference soil. The nutritional status of sampling sites was lower than the previously reported data. The nutrition status of the plants was at an optimum level as regular fertilizer application was practiced but showed an irregular pattern along with all the soil parameters and heavy metal indices. The contamination factor (Cd), potential ecological risk index (PER) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) demonstrated that the agricultural soils in the vicinity of the brick kiln cluster were moderately- to highly-polluted. This indicates the deterioration of soil quality by uncontrolled brick kiln operation.

scholarly journals Distribution of chromium, copper, lead and zinc in soil from kimanis, papar, sabah

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazerina Pungut ◽  
Baba Musta ◽  
Nurul Fadzilah Asgari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Quaternary Deposit ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay

This paper discusses the distribution of selected heavy metals namely chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in soil from Kimanis, Papar, Sabah. Fourteen soil samples were collected from soil originated from sedimentary rock of Crocker Formation and Quaternary deposit. The Crocker Formation consists of thick sandstone unit and inter-bedded sandstone and shale unit with the age of Late Eocene to Early Miocene. The physico-chemical analysis of soil include the pH value, moisture content, organic content and particle size. Soil of Crocker Formation were classified as sandy loam and sandy clay loam, while Quaternary deposit were classified as sand, sandy loam, sandy clay loam and clay with loam. The result of analysis shows the soils were acidic with pH values range from 3.06-5.65. Organic matter content ranges from 0.98%-7.63% and moisture content were 13.8%-60.51%. All heavy metals were analyzed using ICP-OES. The result of analysis indicated that Zn shows the highest value then followed by Cu, Pb and Cr. Soil sample from Crocker Formation show significantly high Zn and Cu content, where SC6 and SC7 have Zn value of 274.36 μg/g and 127.82 μg/g respectively, whereas 127.98 μg/g of Cu. The distribution of heavy metals in soil samples are controlled by the mobility and leaching process during chemical weathering and also adsorption by clay particles and organic matter as well as the human activities within the area.

scholarly journals Determination of the Levels of Lead and Cobalt from Soils of an Irrigated Farmland in Lafia Nasarawa State-Nigeria Using Two Different Methods of Digestion

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Augustine U. A. ◽  
Akpomie T. M. ◽  
Balarabe S. ◽  
Ishaq B.
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Acid Method

Washing of vehicles (lorries, cars, buses and motor-bikes), clothes and kitchen utensils, bathing and the release of smoke from exhausts of motor-vehicles and other anthropogenic sources continuously increase the levels of heavy metals in water bodies, especially the Amba river of Lafia used for the irrigation of farmlands thereby resulting to contamination and elevation of heavy metals uptake by crops. This study was carried out to provide information on heavy metals concentration in soils of an irrigated vegetable farmland in Lafia. Soil samples were collected at surface levels of 0-30 cm depth. Samples were analyzed for pH, organic matter, electrical conductivity and soil particle sizes. The soil samples were digested using Aqua regia and Nitric acid methods of digestion. The concentrations of lead (Pb) and cobalt (Co) were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric (AAS) technique. The values of soil pH ranged between 5.60 and 6.35, organic carbon between, 1.40-1.49 %, organic matter content between, 2.40 and 2.57 %, electrical conductivity between 100 and 240 μS cm –1 and clay, sand and silt content between 10.4-11.4 %, 82-85 % and 4.6-6.6 % respectively. Total concentration of extractable Pb and Co (Aqua regia method) ranged between 0.083–0.105 and 1.473 – 1.573 mg kg-1 respectively. The concentrations of heavy metals for Nitric acid method were as follows: Pb: 1.363-1.512 and Co: 0.060-0.086. Concentrations of heavy metals in both methods were all below DPR-EGASPIN (2002) and US EPA. (2014) recommended limits. The results showed that aqua regia method was more efficient than the Nitric acid Method of digestion.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metal contamination in soil around Piyungan Landfill, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Mufid Muyassar ◽  
Wawan Budianta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Zone Ii ◽  
Negative Impacts

One of the negative impacts of the landfill as solid waste disposal is soil contamination by heavy metals. This study assessed heavy metals impact, especially Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd, in the soil in Piyungan landfill, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The assessment was conducted by analyzing 15 soil samples from 25 cm depth in the study area, which was divided into three-zone. The study results showed that generally, the highest content of metals was found in zone II, which is located near or directly situated in a landfill site. The pollution index (PI) calculated showed in order Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn. The result also indicates that Cd has the highest pollution index and even the highest risk compared to Pb, Cu, and Zn. The eco-risk index (RI) calculation showed that the value was 29 to 70 demonstrating a low class. The result also indicates that the accumulation of heavy metals investigated in this study was normal, and that the ecological risk was relatively low.

scholarly journals Reforestation Impacted Soil Heavy Metal Fractionation and Related Risk Assessment in the Karst Area, Southwest China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Xingliang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Soil Heavy Metals

Human agricultural activities have resulted in widespread land degradation and soil contamination in the karst areas. However, the effects of reforestation after agricultural abandonment on the mobility risks and contamination of heavy metals have been rarely reported. In the present study, six soil profiles were selected from cropland and abandoned cropland with reforestation in the Puding karst regions of Southwest China. The Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction method was used to evaluate the compositions of different chemical fractions of soil heavy metals, including Fe, Mn, Cr, Zn, Ni, and Cd. The total contents of Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd, and Mn in the croplands were significantly higher than those in the abandoned croplands. For all soils, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Fe were mainly concentrated in the residual fractions (>85%), whereas Mn and Cd were mostly observed in the non-residual fractions (>65%). The non-residual fractions of Cd, Cr, Ni, and Zn in the croplands were higher than those in the abandoned croplands. These results indicated that the content and mobility of soil heavy metals decreased after reforestation. The individual contamination factor (ICF) and risk assessment code (RAC) showed that Cd contributed to considerable contamination of karst soils. The global contamination factor (GCF) and potential ecological risk index (RI) suggested low contamination and ecological risk of the investigated heavy metals in the croplands, moreover they can be further reduced after reforestation.

scholarly journals GEOCHEMISTRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN SURFACE SOIL IN AL-HAWIJA, SOUTHWEST KIRKUK

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2E) ◽  
pp. 36-61
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Obeidi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources

Soil pollution adversely affects the safety and health of the human being. The main objective of the study is to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) in surface soil in Al-Hawija, southwestern Kirkuk. Twenty-one samples were collected and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to measure the content of heavy metals and assess the soil pollution by using the contamination factor, degree of contamination, geoaccumulation index, pollution load index and ecological risk index (RI). The results indicate that there is high pollution by lead, chromium and copper (78.8, 87.4 and 53.8 mg/kg) respectively, in industrial areas due to anthropogenic sources with the presence of significant ecological risk (Er) of the lead (116) in site S7, due to its high concentrations, while size fraction analysis indicated that all heavy metals are concentrated in the fine parts as a result of adsorption processes by clay minerals.

scholarly journals Vertical distribution of soil nutrients under different land use systems in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Tahsina Sharmin Hoque ◽  
Shafia Afrin ◽  
Israt Jahan ◽  
Md. Joinul Abedin Mian ◽  
Mohammad Anwar Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Land Use Systems

Soil depth can significantly influence the availability of nutrients in soil. An experiment was conducted with seven soil samples from seven land use types to observe the effect of soil depth on soil properties under various land use systems. Soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter, available phosphorus (P), available sulphur (S) and different forms of potassium (K) such as water soluble, exchangeable and non-exchangeable were determined from the soil samples collected from four soil depths (viz. 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm). Soil pH varied from 6.30-7.39 irrespective of depths and land uses and it increased with increasing soil depth. Electrical conductivity of the soils ranged from 42-310 µS cm-1 and organic matter status of most of the soils was very low to medium in level. Both EC and organic matter content decreased with the increase of soil depth. Available P concentration showed no specific changing trend with soil depth whereas available S concentration under different land use systems decreased with increasing soil depth. The concentrations of water soluble, exchangeable and non-exchangeable K in soils varied from 12.30-39.60, 20.90-53.16 and 163.30-684.30 mg kg-1, respectively and showed no specific changing pattern with soil depth. Water soluble K content was higher in rice growing fertilizer and manure-treated soil but higher exchangeable and non-exchangeable K contents were observed in banana growing soil. In rice growing soils, nutrient concentration is mostly higher in nitrogen (N), P and K + farm yard manure (FYM) - treated plots compared to rice growing control plots.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation of Metallic Contamination of Water and Sediments in Navigation Canal and Industrial Zone South Port Said, Egypt

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nabil, A. E. Azzaz ◽  
Mokhtar, S. Beheary ◽  
Mohamed, N. Raslan ◽  
Hazem T. Abd El Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Port Said ◽  
Mean Concentration

In the present study, water and sediment samples were collected from Navigation Canal and from Industrial Zone South Port Said to assess heavy metals contamination. It was shown that, the highest mean concentration of heavy metals in water samples was observed in summer, and the lowest mean was observed in winter. It has been made evident that the industrialization in Industrial Zone South Port Said was responsible for the present deteriorating conditions. However, it was shown that, the highest mean concentration of heavy metals in sediment samples was observed in winter, and the lowest mean was observed in summer. Pollution status was evaluated using some indices: geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI) and ecological risk index (RI). Based on Igeo, all metal values were unpolluted. On the basis of the values of CF, sediments are high in winter and low in summer. Metals concentrations were in the following order: Ni > Fe > Mn > Pb > Cu > Zn > Co > Cd. According to CF classification, Ni contamination was considerable. RI of winter season can be classified as moderate pollution. No pollution was classified for PLI in all seasons. The decrease in PLI and RI values were indicated dilution and dispersion of metal content with increasing distance from source areas. It is suggested that PLI can give an indication about the trend spatially and temporarily. In addition, it also provides significant data and advice to the policy and decision makers on the contamination degree of the area.

scholarly journals Ecological Indices of the Heavy Metals in the Soil of Shewasoor Sub-Basin, Kirkuk NE Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Jamal Akbar ◽  
Omer Sabah Al-Tamimi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Ecological Indices ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Contamination Levels

The current research aimed to assess contamination levels in the soil of study area by heavy metals. Eight sites were selected for the collection of soil samples. The eight heavy metals namely As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn were analyzed in each soil samples by using ICP-MS technology. The measured concentrations of heavy metals were compared with Geochemical Background values, EPA Sediment Quality Guidelines, Ecological Screening values, and WHO Guidelines. The spatial distribution maps of ecological indices were performed using ArcGIS software (version 10.2), which provides an idea of the geographical distribution of heavy metals contamination levels in the soil of Shewasoor sub-basin. The soil contamination by heavy metals assessed using Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI), Nemerow Pollution Index (P_N), Hazard Index (HI), and Cancer Risk. The RI showed there are high risk of heavy metals in soil and according to P_N the soil has been moderate to severely contaminated by heavy metals. The hazard index of all soil samples was within acceptable range for adults and showed unacceptable risk for children. While the total cancer risk values of As and Cr were within acceptable limits, whereas of Pb, Cd, Co, and Ni were lower than acceptable risk range at all sites for adults and children. Ecological indices which are used to assess the contamination levels in the soil by heavy metals refers to the soil of study area was contaminated moderate to heavily by heavy metals, this attributed to the natural and anthropogenic pollution sources around and within the study area.

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