scholarly journals Antimicrobial Screening of some Medicinal Plants against Selected Bacterial Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Pragya Sapkota ◽  
Sapana Bhattarai ◽  
Anup Muni Bajracharya ◽  
Pramesh Bahadur Lakhe ◽  
Nishant Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Euphorbia Hirta ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Medicinal plants are used as traditional treatment for numerous human diseases. According to WHO, medicinal plants would be the best source to obtain a variety of drugs. Contrary to the synthetic drugs, antimicrobial of plant origin are not associated with many side effects and have an enormous therapeutic potential to heal many infectious diseases. Present study was carried out on the screening of some medicinal plants against selected pathogenic organisms in the period of October 2017 to January 2018. A total of nine different medicinal plants were screened and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against 10 bacterial species. Among them, Euphorbia hirta, Azadirachtaindica, Artemisia vulgaris were found to be effective against gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA), whereas rest six medicinal plants (Aeglemarmelos, Justiciaadhatoda, Ficusreligiosa, Syzygiumcumini, Nyctanthes arbor and Meliaazedarach) were found to be ineffective against all the microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aerogenosa, Salmonella typhii, Shigelladysentriae, MRSA). The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Euphorbia hirta against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus was found to be 12.5mg/ml and MBC of Artemisia vulgaris against Bacillus subtilis and MRSA was also found to be 12.5 mg/ml while of Staphylococcus aureus was 25mg/ml. Similarly, the MBC of Azadirachta indica against Staphylococcus aureus was 25mg/ml.

scholarly journals Assessment of anti bacterial screening of Pongamia pinnata stem against bacterial species: An In-vitro approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-s) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Adithya Gadeela Manish ◽  
Nerella Mounika ◽  
Bakshi Vasudha ◽  
Boggula Narender
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Pongamia Pinnata ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Technique

Numerous studies have shown that aromatic and medicinal plants are sources of diverse nutrient and non-nutrient molecules which protect the human body against various pathogens. Nature has been a source of medicinal agents for thousands of years and a large number of modern drugs have been isolated from natural sources. Herbal medicine is the oldest known healthcare system known to mankind. India has rich medicinal plants of nearly 7500 species. Many medicinal plants were with a long history of use in folk medicine against a variety of diseases. Recently, many researchers have taken a great interest on medicinal plants for their phytochemical constituents and biological activities including anti microbial activity. The anti bacterial activity of the ethanolic crude stem extract of Pongamia pinnata against four bacterial species (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli) was investigated, using agar diffusion technique. At concentrations ranging from 10-40 mg/mL, the ethanolic crude extract showed activity against the four bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and E. coli) from 2 mm-20 mm, after 24 hours incubation. The present study showed the effectiveness of the crude plant extract against the tested bacterial strains and indicates the potential use of the extract as anti bacterial agent for the control of infectious diseases. Keywords:  Pongamia pinnata, anti bacterial activity, agar diffusion technique, bacterial strains, chloramphenicol.

scholarly journals In-vitro analysis of potential antibacterial activity of three medicinal plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1497-1500
Author(s):  
Vandana Gupta ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Deepika Chaudhary ◽  
Nirmal Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The present study was aimed to examine and compare the antibacterial activity of hot methanolic extract of medicinal plants viz. Portulaca oleracea (purslane), Syzygium cumini (L.) (jamun), Psidium guajava (L.) (guava). Antibacterial activity was carried by using agar well diffusion method, against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). Results indicated that all the three plant extracts possess antibacterial property against Gram-positive bacteria and no activity was found against Gram-negative bacteria. Moderate zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis was exhibited by S. cumini (L.) (11mm and 12mm) and P. guajava (L.) (10mm and 11mm) and weak zone of inhibition was exhibited by P. oleracea (5 mm and 6mm). In conclusion, S. cumini (L.) and P. guajava (L.) possess bettercapabilities of being a good candidate in search for natural antibacterial agent against infections and diseases causing Gram-positive bacteria as compared to P. oleracea.

Synthesis of Chalcones and Nucleosides Incorporating [1, 3, 4]Oxadiazolenone Core and Evaluation of their Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-679
Author(s):  
Alok K. Srivastava ◽  
Lokesh K. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity

Background: [1, 3, 4]oxadiazolenone core containing chalcones and nucleosides were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of a variety of benzaldehyde derivatives, obtained from oxidation of substituted 5-(3/6 substituted-4-Methylphenyl)-1, 3, 4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-one and various substituted acetophenone. The resultant chalcones were coupled with penta-O-acetylglucopyranose followed by deacetylation to get [1, 3, 4] oxadiazolenone core containing chalcones and nucleosides. Various analytical techniques viz IR, NMR, LC-MS and elemental analysis were used to confirm the structure of the synthesised compounds.The compounds were targeted against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli for antibacterial activity and Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum for antifungal activity. Methods: A mixture of Acid hydrazides (3.0 mmol) and N, Nʹ- carbonyl diimidazole (3.3 mmol) in 15 mL of dioxane was refluxed to afford substituted [1, 3, 4]-oxadiazole-2(3H)-one. The resulted [1, 3, 4]- oxadiazole-2(3H)-one (1.42 mmol) was oxidized with Chromyl chloride (1.5 mL) in 20 mL of carbon tetra chloride and condensed with acetophenones (1.42 mmol) to get chalcones 4. The equimolar ratio of obtained chalcones 4 and β -D-1,2,3,4,6- penta-O-acetylglucopyranose in presence of iodine was refluxed to get nucleosides 5. The [1, 3, 4] oxadiazolenone core containing chalcones 4 and nucleosides 5 were tested to determined minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value with the experimental procedure of Benson using disc-diffusion method. All compounds were tested at concentration of 5 mg/mL, 2.5 mg/mL, 1.25 mg/mL, 0.62 mg/mL, 0.31 mg/mL and 0.15 mg/mL for antifungal activity against three strains of pathogenic fungi Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus), Aspergillus niger (A. niger) and Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) and for antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacterium: Escherichia coli (E. coli), and two Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Bacillus subtilis(B. subtilis). Result: The chalcones 4 and nucleosides 5 were screened for antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and B. subtilis whereas antifungal activity against A. flavus, A. niger and F. oxysporum. Compounds 4a-t showed good antibacterial activity whereas compounds 5a-t containing glucose moiety showed better activity against fungi. The glucose moiety of compounds 5 helps to enter into the cell wall of fungi and control the cell growth. Conclusion: Chalcones 4 and nucleosides 5 incorporating [1, 3, 4] oxadiazolenone core were synthesized and characterized by various spectral techniques and elemental analysis. These compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activity against three fungi; viz. A. flavus, A. niger and F. oxysporum. In addition to this, synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against gram negative bacteria E. Coli and gram positive bacteria S. aureus, B. subtilis. Compounds 4a-t showed good antibacterial activity whereas 5a-t showed better activity against fungi.

scholarly journals Detection and Identification of Microbial Contaminant in Bakery Products in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia

SCISCITATIO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Evelyn Ferdian ◽  
Catarina Aprilia Ariestanti ◽  
Tri Yahya Budiarso
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Microbial Contaminant ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Diet Pattern ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Yogyakarta City

Bread has been chosen as an alternative food because of its availability. In Indonesia, consumptionof breads is increased due to the change of diet pattern into packed and ready-made meals. Therefore, it isimportant to raise the awareness of bakery products quality. The purpose of this study was to detect andidentify the microbial contaminant in bakery products in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. Bacterial coloniesfrom expired bakery products were isolated into pure isolate then confirmed by API Staph and PolymeraseChain Reaction (PCR) method. The results showed there were five kinds of gram-positive bacteria. Isolatedbacteria identified by API were Bacillus cereus (52.8%), Bacillus subtilis (97.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (97.7%),Staphylococcus epidermidis (97,9%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (72,2% and 61,8%).

scholarly journals Diamide Triggers Mainly S Thiolations in the Cytoplasmic Proteomes of Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus

2009 ◽  
Vol 191 (24) ◽  
pp. 7520-7530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dierk-Christoph Pöther ◽  
Manuel Liebeke ◽  
Falko Hochgräfe ◽  
Haike Antelmann ◽  
Dörte Becher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Cytoplasmic Proteins ◽  
Protein Thiols ◽  
Thiol Redox ◽  
Redox Buffer ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

ABSTRACT Glutathione constitutes a key player in the thiol redox buffer in many organisms. However, the gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus lack this low-molecular-weight thiol. Recently, we identified S-cysteinylated proteins in B. subtilis after treatment of cells with the disulfide-generating electrophile diamide. S cysteinylation is thought to protect protein thiols against irreversible oxidation to sulfinic and sulfonic acids. Here we show that S thiolation occurs also in S. aureus proteins after exposure to diamide. We further analyzed the formation of inter- and intramolecular disulfide bonds in cytoplasmic proteins using diagonal nonreducing/reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. However, only a few proteins were identified that form inter- or intramolecular disulfide bonds under control and diamide stress conditions in B. subtilis and S. aureus. Depletion of the cysteine pool was concomitantly measured in B. subtilis using a metabolomics approach. Thus, the majority of reversible thiol modifications that were previously detected by two-dimensional gel fluorescence-based thiol modification assay are most likely based on S thiolations. Finally, we found that a glutathione-producing B. subtilis strain which expresses the Listeria monocytogenes gshF gene did not show enhanced oxidative stress resistance compared to the wild type.

Enhancement of Lactic Acid on Antibacterial Activity of Haw Pectic Oligosaccharides

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1329-1332
Author(s):  
Tuo Ping Li ◽  
Su Hong Li ◽  
Ru Gang Zhu ◽  
You Feng Jia ◽  
Zhong Shen Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Food Preservative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Pectic Oligosaccharides ◽  
Ph Dependent

The enhancive effects of lactic acid on the antibacterial activities of haw pectic oligosaccharides (HPOS) against the Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus faecalis, were investigated. Both HPOS and lactic acid showed dose and pH dependent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and B. subtilis. S. faecalis was sensitive to the HPOS but was resistant to the lactic acid. The antibacterial activity of HPOS against these three bacteria could be enhanced by co-treatment with lactic acid. The results revealed that HPOS may be useful as a food preservative, and lactic acid was able to enhance the antibacterial activity of HPOS, allowing for a further improvement in its efficiency. This additive effect obtained with lactic acid would likely result in a reduction in the dosage necessary for food preservation.

Depsidones from an Endophytic Fungus Chaetomium sp. Associated with Zanthoxylum leprieurii

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 1259-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Mouafo Talontsi ◽  
Clovis Douanla-Meli ◽  
Hartmut Laatsch
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

A new depsidone, namely chaetosidone A (1), together with six known fungal metabolites were obtained from a culture of Chaetomium sp., an endophytic fungus isolated from Zanthoxylum leprieurii leaves. The structure of the new compound 1 was elucidated using MS and NMR experiments, and by biosynthetic considerations. Chaetosidone A (1) is the missing link in the series of orsellinic acid-derived depsidones. Compound 1, corynesidone B (2) and corynether (3) displayed inhibitory effects on two Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, at concentrations of 40 mg per paper disk and moderate toxicity towards brine shrimp larvae (Artemia salina).

scholarly journals Isolasi dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Aktinomisetes Asal Tanah Gambut Riau

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Tetty Marta Linda ◽  
Rodesia Mustika Roza ◽  
Rola Yuliati ◽  
Wahyuliyanti Wahyuliyanti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

The aims of this study are to isolate actinomycetes from peat soil samples, to determine the ability of actinomycetes to inhibit the growth of Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negativebacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas sp.). A total of 14 actinomycetes strains were recovered from peat soil samples using pour plate method with Starch Casein Agar. The results showed that 11 isolates were active against B. subtilis, 8 isolates against S. aureus, 8 isolates were active against E. coli and 8 isolates againstPseudomonas sp. Two isolates (SM 1.3 and SM 1.6) were active against all bacterial targets.

scholarly journals Biological activity and protease inhibitor from watery extract of lentil (Lens culinaris) against some bacterial species

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Extracellular Protease ◽  
Protease Inhibition ◽  
Extract Concentration

Biological activity substances was investigated in watery extract of lentil which found to contain phenols, tannin, saponins and resins while, flavons, terpens and steroids were not exist in the extract details explained that 5%, 10% of lentil extract largly inhibited the growth of Psedumonas aeruginosa then Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The growth of both Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium were slightly affected by all extract concentration. Extracellular protease were screened in all bacterial species under study. Complete inhibition was achieved for extracellular protease while different percentage of protease inhibition were seen for intracellular proteases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Cedrela toona Roxb. Fruit Extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-109
Author(s):  
Kinjal H Shah ◽  
Piyush M. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacillus

Evaluation of antimicrobial activity was performed by cup-plate method. The test microorganisms used for the antimicrobial activity were four bacterial species (two Gram positive and two Gram negative) – Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa,Escherichia coli. The test microorganisms used for the antimicrobial activity were four bacterial species (two Gram +ve and two Gram -ve) Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa,Escherichia coli.  

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