scholarly journals Semantičko-sintaktičke osobine perifernih glagola osjetilne percepcije u hrvatskom jeziku

2021 ◽  
pp. 269-286
Author(s):  
Ana Samardžić ◽  
Ninoslav Radaković
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Sensory Perception ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Componential Analysis ◽  
Syntactic Description ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Predicate Argument Structure

The subject of the paper is the semantic and syntactic description of the peripheral verbs of sensory perception in the Croatian language. Peripherality refers to the occurrence of these verbs with different semantic features, which makes some of them function as hyperonyms of the verbs of sensory perception, some may refer to all types of perception, but also create connections with other semantic fields. The analysis is based on componential analysis and cognitive linguistics, and the predicate-argument structure of those verbs is also presented. The aim of the paper is to show that these verbs have a wider range of meanings and thus greater possibilities in usage than dictionaries suggest within lexicographic description.

scholarly journals Czasowniki mentalne i czasowniki emocji w opisie semantyczno-syntaktycznym

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 139-163
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Korytkowska
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Verb Classes ◽  
Predicate Argument Structure ◽  
Basic Semantic

Mental and emotional verbs in semantic and syntactic descriptionThe main issue of this article concerns relations between the semantic plane of the sentence, which is presented by means of notions of predicate argument structure, and the plane of formal realisation of this structure. The existing attitudes to the studied verb classes are presented. Then rules governing the model of description used are specified (the article has been written within an elaborate scientific grant concerning Bulgarian, Polish and Russian). Obligatory semantic features of both classes are pointed out, followed by an elaboration on the scope of analysis of semantic and syntactic phenomena. This scope is determined by basic semantic sentence categories on which comparative, including contrastive, research is based. Drawing on examples of particular units studied, I then discuss the effectiveness of the analysis which enables comparing differences between sets of sentence structures allowable for each class studied. Those differences stem from semantic differences typical of those classes. Czasowniki mentalne i czasowniki emocji w opisie semantyczno-syntaktycznymTematyka artykułu dotyczy relacji między płaszczyzną semantyczną zdania, ujętą w terminach struktury predykatowo-argumentowej, a płaszczyzną realizacji formalnej tej struktury. Zarysowane zostały dotychczasowe podejścia do opisu badanych klas czasowników oraz sprecyzowano ustalenia dotyczące zastosowanego w artykule modelu opisu (artykuł powstał w związku z realizacją obszernego grantu dotyczącego języka bułgarskiego, polskiego i rosyjskiego). Wskazano obligatoryjne dla obu klas cechy semantyczne oraz scharakteryzowano zakres analizy zjawisk semantyczno-składniowych. Zakres ten wyznaczają podstawowe semantyczne kategorie zdaniowe, których badanie stanowi podstawę dla porównań, także porównań konfrontatywnych. Zaprezentowane zostały przykłady opracowania wybranych jednostek oraz wskazana skuteczność analizy, która pozwala ukazać różnice między zbiorami dopuszczalnych dla każdej z badanych klas struktur zdaniowych. Różnice te wynikają z charakteryzujących te klasy różnic semantycznych.

Inversion as an artifact

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Peter Jordens
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Functional System ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Auxiliary Verbs ◽  
Subject Pronoun ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Predicate Argument Structure ◽  
Finite Verb

Dutch is a so-called verb-second language, i.e. the finite verb typically occurs in second position with one constituent in initial position. The element in initial position is often the subject. However, if it is an adverb or an object, the subject occurs after the finite verb. This characteristic, known as ‘inversion’ is acquired in both child first- and adult second-language acquisition as a function of topicalization. Both learner varieties develop from a lexical system to a functional system. At the lexical stage, utterance structure is the result of predicate-argument structure interacting with principles of information structuring. The shift to a functional system comes as a result of the identification of the initial position in a sentence as a structural topic position. It coincides with the acquisition of auxiliary verbs (the category AUX) such that AUX + subject pronoun (subjP) functions as a topicalization device. Hence, inversion is an artifact. It is the result of a process of restructuring due to the acquisition of topicalization. Also the fact that both L1 and L2 Dutch learner systems seem to develop as the result of the interaction between predicate-argument structure and principles of information structuring explains why the process leading to the acquisition of ‘inversion’ takes place similarly in both children and adults.

scholarly journals Формы реализации пропозиционального аргумента в русских предложениях с ментальными глаголами: „соблюдение”, „компрессия”, „расщепление”

2018 ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Aleksander Kiklewicz
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Grammatical Form ◽  
Syntactic Position ◽  
Propositional Structure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Predicate Argument Structure ◽  
Modern Russian ◽  
Mental Verbs

The subject of the article is the mental verbs (verbs of knowledge, understanding and thinking) of the modern Russian language, treated in terms of syntactic valence. The author examines the grammatical forms of the realization of propositional argument in sentences with mental verbs with the predicate-argument structure P (x, q). The forms of representation of propositional argument are divided into three types: observance, compression and splitting. The author shows that in this area we have to deal with an analog reflection of the propositional structure, or more or less a compression of proposition argument, or its dismemberment and doubling of its syntactic position. The author takes into account the regularity of the implementation of each grammatical form, quoting the relevant quantitative data.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL BASES OF STUDYING THE VOCABULARY OF SENSORY PERCEPTION IN THE SYSTEM OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH (ON THE MATERIAL OF RUSSIAN-SPEAKING V. NABOKOV'S PROSE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Mikhailovna Mubarakshina ◽  
Aliya Albertovna Abdrakhmanova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Vladimir Nabokov ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Sensory Perception ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Sense Organs ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Russian Linguistic

the novels of Vladimir Nabokov, as a symbolic representation of the Russian linguistic culture. Methodology: Vocabulary, naming different human senses, is certainly culturally significant, and forms a cultural phenomenon. The study of semantic features of the lexicon representing perception by sense organs in V. Nabokov's prose within cognitive linguistics and linguoculturology assumes the reference to a problem of psychological, philosophical, linguistic and psycholinguistic understanding of the nature of the specified concepts. The theoretical basis of the research is the works devoted to categorization, conceptualization, and linguoculturology. Results: The study confirmed the fact that Vladimir Nabokov is a "seeing" writer. The practical value of this work is due to the possibility of using the materials and results of the study in the development of Russian language stylistics courses, special seminars on the analysis of the literary text, as well as special courses on the works of writers of the XX century. Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of the theoretical bases of studying the vocabulary of sensory perception in the system of scientific research is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

scholarly journals PREDICATE- ARGUMENT STRUCTURE OF EMOTIVE VERBS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(78)) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Olga Baranovska
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cognitive Grammar ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Reflexive Verbs ◽  
Predicate Argument Structure ◽  
Grammatical Structures ◽  
English Verb

This paper seeks to explore the category of emotiveness of the verb units in the lexico-semantic system of the English verb. The article characterizes the evolution of methods in this investigation of lexical units, basic notions of cognitive grammar, in particular. The predicate- argument structure of the verbs that designate emotive states has been defined. The conditions for the realization of grammatical structures have been presented. The survey studies the classification of the verbs according to their syntactic constructions, taking into account the relation of the subject and the object. As a result, the investigation highlights the features of the verbs that denote emotional relations and causatives. Experiencer argument, which can perform different syntactic functions, is an indispensable prerequisite for the predicate-argument structure of English emotive verbs. The algorithm for this analysis has been suggested. The predicate-argument structure of verb units expressing emotions in English and Ukrainian has been compared. Similar deep semantics of emotive verbs in English and Ukrainian finds a distinct expression in the surface structure, favouring different syntactic structures. A significant number of emotive verb units are expressed by intransitive, reflexive verbs with a postfix – sya in Ukrainian, while the constructions with adjectives and participles are characteristic of English.

scholarly journals Zum terminologischen Status der Inkorporation in der deutschen und der dänischen Wortbildungsbeschreibung

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
Janusz Stopyra
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Meaningful Word ◽  
Predicate Argument Structure ◽  
Language Description

Abstract The article deals with the subject of incorporation shown as a special kind of composition and derivates formed from phrases (Zusammenbildungen). The author attempts to differentiate between these two types and also describes such phenomena as predicate-argument- structure and the principle of the meaningful word. In his opinion it is worth using such terms to give the language description a better overview.

Cognitive dominants of the conceptual sphere in the novel “of human bondage” by W. S. Maugham

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
Olga B. Ponomareva ◽  
Valeriya I. Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Linguistic Representations ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Linguistic Methods

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the basic concepts that make up the conceptual sphere of the novel “Of Human Bondage” by W. S. Maugham. These concepts act as cognitive dominants of the linguistic consciousness of the protagonist’s linguistic personality in the work under study. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that it is performed within the framework of a new paradigm of linguistics — the cognitive linguistics, which involves the study of mental and linguistic representations of thought processes that occur during the perception of information. Moreover, the novel “Of Human Bondage” by W. S. Maugham has not attracted the attention of linguists-cognitologists previously, which adds to the novelty of this article. In addition, the present study provides a comprehensive description of the basic concepts making up the conceptual sphere of the novel. The linguistic methods of representing various concepts in the analyzed work are determined by the national, personal, cultural, and psychological aspects of Maugham’s thinking. The authors employ a communicative-cognitive methodological analysis proposed by N. S. Bolotnova involving the modeling of textual and intertextual semantic fields of artistic concepts and the analysis of the conceptual sphere of a literary text. The universal concepts RELIGION, LOVE, PASSION, THE MEANING OF LIFE, which constitute the conceptual sphere of the novel by W. S. Maugham “Of Human Bondage”, are analyzed. The main result of the study is that THE MEANING OF LIFE concept is universal, not individual, and it includes other universal concepts, such as RELIGION, LOVE, PASSION, THE MEANING OF LIFE, conceptual metaphors and metonyms, symbols, and other words-associates, which constitute the broad figurative and evaluative periphery of the conceptual sphere of the novel.

Niuean

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Massam
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Left Periphery ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Noun Incorporation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Theta Role ◽  
Predicate Argument Structure

This book presents a detailed descriptive and theoretical examination of predicate-argument structure in Niuean, a Polynesian language within the Oceanic branch of the Austronesian family, spoken mainly on the Pacific island of Niue and in New Zealand. Niuean has VSO word order and an ergative case-marking system, both of which raise questions for a subject-predicate view of sentence structure. Working within a broadly Minimalist framework, this volume develops an analysis in which syntactic arguments are not merged locally to their thematic sources, but instead are merged high, above an inverted extended predicate which serves syntactically as the Niuean verb, later undergoing movement into the left periphery of the clause. The thematically lowest argument merges as an absolutive inner subject, with higher arguments merging as applicatives. The proposal relates Niuean word order and ergativity to its isolating morphology, by equating the absence of inflection with the absence of IP in Niuean, which impacts many aspects of its grammar. As well as developing a novel analysis of clause and argument structure, word order, ergative case, and theta role assignment, the volume argues for an expanded understanding of subjecthood. Throughout the volume, many other topics are also treated, such as noun incorporation, word formation, the parallel internal structure of predicates and arguments, null arguments, displacement typology, the role of determiners, and the structure of the left periphery.

Backgrounding and suppression of reciprocal participants

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Behrens
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Relation ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Reciprocal Relations ◽  
Modern Greek ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Argument Mapping ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Plural Subject ◽  
Linguistic Approach ◽  
Plural Subjects

According to traditional wisdom, reciprocal predicates can only occur with plural subjects. This is assumed either because the reciprocal predicates in question are constructed by means of a reciprocal anaphor, which is considered as being inherently plural and hence requiring a plural antecedent, or, if there is no binding requirement, the following principle of argument mapping is implicitly assumed: all participants of a reciprocal situation need an overt realization by the same highest syntactic argument. Since a reciprocal relation minimally involves the existence of two participants, and since (in the languages considered so far) the highest syntactic argument is the subject, this mapping principle leads to the idea that the subjects of reciprocal predicates should be confined to plural or conjoined phrases. In this paper, I will show that this principle turns out to be unrealistically strong, once real discourse data are considered, in particular from a cross-linguistic perspective. Under certain structural and pragmatic conditions, participants of reciprocal relations may be backgrounded and also suppressed, with the result that, in the second case, they will lack an overt realization altogether. It will be argued that there is a typological correlation between the following three phenomena: discontinuous reciprocals (where one participant is backgrounded and hence realized as an oblique phrase), “true” singular subject reciprocals (where only one participant is realized overtly, while the other is suppressed), and plural subject reciprocals, admitting the interpretation that each individual among the subject’s referents participates in a reciprocal relation with some other (unknown or arbitrary) individual that is, however, suppressed, i.e. not referred to by the subject phrase or any other phrase in the sentence. I will present data from four languages: Hungarian, German, (Modern) Greek and Serbian/Croatian. In general, a cross-linguistic approach will be favored which considers differences and similarities at all relevant levels of description, e.g. discourse pragmatics, verbal aspect, lexical-semantic fields, interfering effects of ambiguity, etc. in addition to structural constraints in marking reciprocity.

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