scholarly journals The Experience of Incarcerated Mothers Living in a Correctional Institution with their Children in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eden Begna Gobena ◽  
Sarah Catherine Patricia Duff Hean
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Incarcerated Mothers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
The Face ◽  
Support Programmes

The needs of female inmates are different from those of their male counterparts. Little is understood of the nature of these differences, particularly for mothers who in countries such as Ethiopia may be accompanied by their children when in correctional facilities. This article is aimed at exploring these inmates’ experiences of motherhood, the challenges they and their children face and their experiences of the services and support programmes available. The central research question was: ‘What is the experience of incarcerated mothers living in prison with their children in Ethiopia?’ A general qualitative approach was taken in the study, using in-depth interviews (n=10) with incarcerated mothers who had a child living with them in a typical large, high-security Ethiopian correctional institution. Mothers questioned the perceived inclusiveness of the services available to them, with access often being denied owing to their childcare responsibilities. Participation in small business enterprises within the institution was an exception to this. They discussed the challenges facing the mother and child as a family unit, the relationship between the mother, the criminal justice system and society and finally their perceptions of the incarcerated mother as a survivor, resilient in the face of the challenges being experienced. These themes showed that incarcerated mothers perceive themselves as victims of societal discrimination, abuse and structural injustice before and after incarceration, and that correctional institution facilities left them unable to provide adequately for the physical, emotional and educational needs of their children. The role of correctional administrations, policymakers, correctional institution social workers and researchers alike in addressing the inequalities facing mothers in Ethiopian correctional institutions is discussed.

PSYCHOLOGICAL BASIS OF CONVICTED WOMEN IN DETENTION PLACES WITH CHILDREN: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Светлана Станиславовна Пиюкова
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Family Reunification ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The One

Статья посвящена рассмотрению психологических основ совместного пребывания осужденных женщин с детьми в отделениях матери и ребенка пенитенциарных учреждений различных стран. Раскрывается значение регулярных контактов осужденной женщины со своим ребенком на протяжении всего срока ее пребывания в исправительном учреждении. Характеризуется влияние ограничения контактов с матерями, находящимися в местах лишения свободы, на развитие психики их детей. Авторами статьи обосновывается роль поддержания отношений между матерями и детьми как одного из факторов, способствующих увеличению вероятности успешного воссоединения семей после освобождения женщин из мест лишения свободы. Рассматриваются существующие в настоящее время в международной пенитенциарной практике решения по созданию условий для содержания осужденных женщин с детьми в исправительных учреждениях. Характеризуются задачи отделений матери и ребенка, а также приводятся примеры из практики их организации в пенитенциарных системах США, Канады, Великобритании, Новой Зеландии, Германии и других стран. Приводятся данные исследований, свидетельствующие об эффективности работы отделений матери и ребенка. Анализируются аргументы сторонников и противников содержания осужденных женщин с детьми в исправительных учреждениях. Обосновывается тезис о необходимости достижения баланса в удовлетворении потребностей ребенка, с одной стороны, и организации условий для совместного содержания осужденных женщин с детьми в исправительных учреждениях, принимая во внимание вопросы безопасности и серьезность правонарушений со стороны матери. The article is devoted to the examination of the psychological foundations of the joint stay of convicted women with children in the mother and child wards of penitentiary institutions in different countries. The significance of regular contacts between a convicted woman and her child throughout the entire period of her stay in a correctional institution is revealed. The influence of limiting contacts with mothers in prison on the development of the psyche of their children is characterized. The authors of the article substantiate the role of maintaining relations between mothers and children as one of the factors contributing to an increase in the likelihood of successful family reunification after the release of women from prison. The author considers the solutions currently existing in international penitentiary practice to create conditions for the detention of convicted women with children in correctional institutions. The tasks of mother and child departments are characterized, and examples from the practice of their organization in the penitentiary systems of the USA, Canada, Great Britain, New Zealand, Germany and other countries are given. Research data showing the effectiveness of the work of the mother and child departments are presented. The arguments of supporters and opponents of keeping convicted women with children in correctional institutions are analyzed. The thesis is substantiated that it is necessary to achieve a balance in meeting the needs of the child, on the one hand, and to organize conditions for the joint detention of convicted women with children in correctional institutions, taking into account the issues of safety and the seriousness of offenses on the part of the mother.

Mastery Goal Orientation Promoting Students’ Expectancies for Success And Self-Efficacy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulseren SEKRETER
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Central Research ◽  
The Face ◽  
Goal Motivation ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of Achievement Goal Motivation Theory on students’expectancies for success, beliefs about ability, usefulness, importance and interest for the mathematics subject.Research asserts that possessing mastery-learning- oriented motivation has a more positive impact on students’expectancies for success, beliefs about ability, usefulness, importance and interest for mathematics. This researchapplies a quantitative method of study. Quantitative data have been analysed using Wigfield and Eccles’sExpectancy–Value Theory Achievement Questionnaire in order to assess student’s expectancies for success, abilitybeliefs and subjective task values. In the case study of a private Suleyman Sah University, Turkey, the focus of thequestionnaire has been derived from the central research question: How applications of Achievement Goal Theoryaffect students’ expectancies for success, beliefs about ability, usefulness, importance and interest for mathematics?The questionnaire was given to 40 students who were selected randomly in mathematics class. Also, in order toidentify students’ goal orientation, Elliot’s AGQ (Achievement Goal Questionnaire) was applied to those students.Their Achievement Goal motivation types were compared to their beliefs about ability, usefulness, importance andinterest for mathematics. Based on the quantitative data analysis, it was concluded that students with masterylearninggoal orientation have more expectancies for success, for them mathematics is a more useful and importantsubject, and, most importantly, they show more interest for the subject. These are very important components tobe persistent in the face of difficulties and obstacles on the way to achievement in teaching mathematics.

ORGANIZATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR CONVICTED WOMEN HAVING CHILDREN IN CHILDREN'S HOUSES AT CORRECTIVE INSTITUTIONS (ON THE MATERIAL OF PKU IK-15 OF THE FPS OF RUSSIA AT THE SAMARA REGION)

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Светлана Станиславовна Пиюкова ◽  
Елизавета Юрьевна Еремеева
Keyword(s):  
General Structure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Maternal Role ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Children’S Homes

Статья посвящена рассмотрению сущности и содержания психологического сопровождения осужденных женщин, имеющих детей в возрасте до трех лет в домах ребенка при исправительных учреждениях. Авторами статьи обосновывается актуальность психологического сопровождения осужденных женщин-матерей как одного из видов психологической помощи, направленного на качественные изменения в специфике их отношения к своей материнской роли, социальную адаптацию и ресоциализацию личности осужденной женщины в условиях исправительного учреждения и после освобождения. Характеризуются основные проблемы, возникающих в отношениях матери с ребенком при выполнении материнских функций. Рассматривается общая структура психологического сопровождения осужденных женщин, включающая в себя непрерывное отслеживание динамики личности женщин посредством психологической диагностики, осуществление психологической профилактики негативных изменений в пенитенциарной среде, а также психологическую коррекцию отношения указанной категории осужденных к своей материнской роли. На примере ФКУ ИК-15 УФСИН России по Самарской области раскрываются особенности реализации модели совместного проживания осужденных женщин с детьми как необходимого условия для достижения эмоционального единства и устойчивой психологической связи матери и ребенка, способствующего формированию здоровой привязанности к малышу, являющейся залогом его нормального психического развития и личностного благополучия. Раскрываются психотерапевтические направления, используемые в работе с осужденными женщинами, имеющими детей в домах ребенка при исправительных учреждениях, рассматривается структура программы их психологического сопровождении, а также анализ результатов ее реализации. Содержатся выводы и рекомендации по организации психологического сопровождения указанной категории осужденных. The article is devoted to the consideration of the essence and content of psychological support for convicted women with children under the age of three in children's homes in correctional institutions. The authors of the article substantiate the relevance of psychological support for convicted women mothers, as one of the types of psychological assistance aimed at qualitative changes in the specifics of their attitude to their maternal role, social adaptation and resocialization of the personality of a convicted woman, both in a correctional institution and after release. The main problems arising in the relationship between a mother and a child during the performance of maternal functions are characterized. The general structure of psychological support for convicted women is considered, which includes continuous tracking of the dynamics of the personality of women through psychological diagnostics, the implementation of psychological prevention of negative changes in the penitentiary environment, as well as psychological correction of the attitude of this category of convicts to their maternal role. Using the example of PKU IK-15 of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Samara Region, the peculiarities of the implementation of the model of cohabitation of convicted women with children as a necessary condition for achieving emotional unity and stable psychological connection between mother and child, contributing to the formation of healthy attachment to the baby, which is the key to his normal mental development and personal well-being. The article reveals the psychotherapeutic directions used in work with convicted women with children in children's homes at correctional institutions, the structure of the program of their psychological support, as well as the analysis of the results of its implementation. Contains conclusions and recommendations on the organization of psychological support for this category of convicts.

scholarly journals PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA DAN HUKUM ISLAM BAGI SIPIR YANG MENGEDARKAN NARKOTIKA DI LINGKUNGAN LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN MENURUT PERATURAN MENTERI HUKUM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA NOMOR M. HH.16. KP. 05. 02 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG KODE ETIK PEGAWAI PEMASYARAKATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safriadi Safriadi ◽  
Ridwan Nurdin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions

Abstract; trafficking of narcotics in Indonesia has penetrated into various living environments such as the work environment. One of them is a Penitentiary. For example, Warden in Jambi Class II A Penitentiary and in Sekayu Penitentiary as well as in several other Correctional Institutions have circulated and smuggled narcotics into Correctional Institutions which causes regulations of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Number M. HH.16. KP. 05. 02 of 2011 Regarding Penitentiary Employee Code of Ethics is not implemented to the maximum. The research question in this thesis is what is the legal responsibility for the warden who conducts narcotics distribution, what are the factors causing narcotics circulation by the warden and how is the view of Islamic criminal law towards the warden who circulates narcotics in prison. In this study the authors used a normative juridical research method that is based on legislation and relevant books. Form of legal liability for Warden who circulates narcotics in LP according to public view as a full responsibility including medeplager (participating) category, according to Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics forms of responsibility in the form of criminal threats (death sentence, life sentence, imprisonment) and fines. According to the Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Number M. HH.16. KP. 05. 02 of 2011 concerning the Penitentiary Employee Code of Ethics is subject to administrative sanctions (terminated) if there is a decision of gingkah. Factors causing the Warden to circulate narcotics in Corrections Institutions are economic factors, the low mentality of the Warden involved, oversight in prison is weak, the number of narcotics addicts who are only in prison without rehabilitation. According to the Islamic Criminal Law the Warden who circulates narcotics in a Penal Institution is liable to a sanction in the form of rahmah ta'īr (bodily punishment, independence, and a fine).Keywords: criminal liability, Islamic law, narcotics, warden, correctional institution

With or Without You – Starting Single-parent Families: A Qualitative Study on How Single Parents by Choice Reorganise Their Lives to Facilitate Single Parenthood from a Life Course Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2223-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dries Van Gasse ◽  
Dimitri Mortelmans
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Single Parents ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Problematic Situation ◽  
Parental Roles ◽  
Single Parenthood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Depth Interviews

Single parenthood is often approached as a problematic situation. People become single parents through divorce, separation, or bereavement and have to cope with this situation. These transitions to single parenthood lead to unforeseen problems with respect to the organization of the household. Nevertheless, there are also single parents for whom single parenthood is a positive story. These people are single parents by choice. Today, it is no longer necessary to have a partner to start a family, as people are able to choose to become single parents through sperm donation or adoption. Hertz (2006) argues that single parents by choice might have remained single due to circumstances, but nevertheless had a strong desire to become a parent. This means that single parents by choice offer a different perspective on single parenthood, as they voluntarily choose to become parents on their own. Nevertheless, single parents by choice face the same issues as other single parents: to combine their work responsibilities and their parental roles. In this paper, we explore how single parents by choice became parents, and how this transition affected their other preparations for parenthood. The central research question in this study is therefore: “How does the way in which single parents by choice become a parent affect the reorganization of their lives in the facilitation of single parenthood?” We used qualitative in-depth interviews with 20 single parents by choice to explore how they organized their work-family life before and after giving birth.

Supporting the Use of Rudimentary Vocalizations

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Zubow ◽  
Richard Hurtig
Keyword(s):  
Rett Syndrome ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Perceptual Judgments ◽  
The Face

Children with Rett Syndrome (RS) are reported to use multiple modalities to communicate although their intentionality is often questioned (Bartolotta, Zipp, Simpkins, & Glazewski, 2011; Hetzroni & Rubin, 2006; Sigafoos et al., 2000; Sigafoos, Woodyatt, Tuckeer, Roberts-Pennell, & Pittendreigh, 2000). This paper will present results of a study analyzing the unconventional vocalizations of a child with RS. The primary research question addresses the ability of familiar and unfamiliar listeners to interpret unconventional vocalizations as “yes” or “no” responses. This paper will also address the acoustic analysis and perceptual judgments of these vocalizations. Pre-recorded isolated vocalizations of “yes” and “no” were presented to 5 listeners (mother, father, 1 unfamiliar, and 2 familiar clinicians) and the listeners were asked to rate the vocalizations as either “yes” or “no.” The ratings were compared to the original identification made by the child's mother during the face-to-face interaction from which the samples were drawn. Findings of this study suggest, in this case, the child's vocalizations were intentional and could be interpreted by familiar and unfamiliar listeners as either “yes” or “no” without contextual or visual cues. The results suggest that communication partners should be trained to attend to eye-gaze and vocalizations to ensure the child's intended choice is accurately understood.

A Review Paper on Cloud Computing

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanshu Srivastava ◽  
Rizwan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Grid Computing ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Computing Technology ◽  
Internet Infrastructure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Face

Today is the era of Cloud Computing Technology in IT Industries. Cloud computing which is based on Internet has the most powerful architecture of computation. It reckons in of a compilation of integrated and networked hardware, software and internet infrastructure. It has various avails atop grid computing and other computing. In this paper, I have given a brief of evaluation of cloud computing by reviewing more than 30 articles on cloud computing. The outcome of this review signalizes the face of the IT industries before and after the cloud computing.

scholarly journals On monotonicity and search strategies in face-based copositivity detection algorithms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G.-Tóth ◽  
E. M. T. Hendrix ◽  
L. G. Casado
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Quadratic Program ◽  
Matrix Methods ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Standard Simplex ◽  
Mathematical Properties ◽  
The Face ◽  
Spatial Branch And Bound

AbstractOver the last decades, algorithms have been developed for checking copositivity of a matrix. Methods are based on several principles, such as spatial branch and bound, transformation to Mixed Integer Programming, implicit enumeration of KKT points or face-based search. Our research question focuses on exploiting the mathematical properties of the relative interior minima of the standard quadratic program (StQP) and monotonicity. We derive several theoretical properties related to convexity and monotonicity of the standard quadratic function over faces of the standard simplex. We illustrate with numerical instances up to 28 dimensions the use of monotonicity in face-based algorithms. The question is what traversal through the face graph of the standard simplex is more appropriate for which matrix instance; top down or bottom up approaches. This depends on the level of the face graph where the minimum of StQP can be found, which is related to the density of the so-called convexity graph.

scholarly journals Directional Hydraulic Fracturing (DHF) of the Roof, as an Element of Rock Burst Prevention in the Light of Underground Observations and Numerical Modelling

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Marek Jendryś ◽  
Andrzej Hadam ◽  
Mateusz Ćwiękała
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Rock Burst ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Black Coal ◽  
Directional Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Face

The following article analyzes the effectiveness of directional hydraulic fracturing (DHF) as a method of rock burst prevention, used in black coal mining with a longwall system. In order to define changes in seismic activity due to DHF at the “Rydułtowy” Black Coal Mine (Upper Silesia, Poland), observations were made regarding the seismic activity of the rock mass during coal mining with a longwall system using roof layers collapse. The seismic activity was recorded in the area of the longwall itself, where, on a part of the runway, the rock mass was expanded before the face of the wall by interrupting the continuity of the rock layers using DHF. The following article presents measurements in the form of the number and the shock energy in the area of the observed longwall, which took place before and after the use of DHF. The second part of the article unveils the results of numerical modeling using the discrete element method, allowing to track the formation of goafs for the variant that does not take DHF into consideration, as well as with modeled fractures tracing DHF carried out in accordance with the technology used at “Rydułtowy” coal mine.

Student Pharmacists Self-Perceived Confidence in Communication Skills With Healthcare Practitioners Before and After a Seminar Course

2021 ◽  
pp. 089719002110184
Author(s):  
Kimberly L. Barefield ◽  
Caroline Champion ◽  
Lucy Yang ◽  
Brent Rollins
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Internship Experience ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Pharmacy Curriculum ◽  
Question Survey

Introduction: Competent pharmacy practice requires the ability to critically evaluate the medical literature and communicate pharmacotherapy information and recommendations to healthcare practitioners. Given the limited research on how these skills are taught, a seminar course in the third year of the pharmacy curriculum was designed to strengthen these skills and abilities. Methods: This was a prospective, pre- and post-cohort survey design. Students were informed of the study’s intent with participation being voluntary and not affecting their course grade. Students received the same survey at the beginning and end of the semester. The 20-question survey assessed self-perceived confidence in the domains of communication and literature evaluation using a 5-point, Likert-type Strongly Disagree-Strongly Agree Scale. Demographic information and students’ previous pharmacy work and internship experience were collected as a part of the survey. Descriptive statistics and Student’s t-test were used to assess the research question and comparisons of student demographics. Results: Sixty-eight of a possible 91 students (75% response rate) completed both the pre- and post-survey. There was no statistically significant differences between any of the measured demographics. Overall, students slightly agreed they were confident in their communication and literature evaluation skills in the pre-course evaluation, with communicating drug interactions as the least confident area. Post-course, students were significantly more confident in all but 5 of 20 measured areas. Conclusion: The Seminar course resulted in a positive change in students’ perception of confidence to communicate with healthcare professionals and ability to evaluate drug literature.

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