scholarly journals Evaluating the Effects of Different Doses of Vitamin B2 and Single Dose of Vitamin B12 Against Myelosuppression Induced by Cyclophosphamide in Experimental Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
Waleed K. Ghanim ◽  
Nada N. Al-Shawi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Cyclophosphamide is chemotherapeutic agent that utilized for the treatment of different malignancies; however its’ used associated with numerous adverse effects. Vitamin B2 and vitamin B12 suggested having myeloprotective effect. This work is designed to investigate the myeloprotective effect of both vitamins against cyclophosphamide induced myelosuppression. One hundred adult rats of both sexes were used in this study. The animals were randomly enrolled into ten groups of 10 rats each. Group I: Control group. Group II: Cyclophosphamide-treated. Group III and Group IV Orally-administered vitamin B2 (10, and 40 mg/kg/day), respectively alone for 7 days. Group V: Orally-administered vitamin B12 (0.1 mg/kg/day) alone for 7 days. Group VI and Group VII: Orally-administered vitamin B2 (10, and 40 mg/kg/day), respectively for 7 days and a single IP injection of cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) at day 7.Group VIII: Orally-administered vitamin B12 (0.1 mg/kg/day) for 7 days and a single IP injection of cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) at day 7. Group IX: Orally-administered a combination of vitamin B2 (10 mg/kg/day) and vitamin B12 (0.1 mg/kg/day) for 7 days and a single IP injection of cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) at day 7. Group X: orally-administered a combination of vitamin B2 (40 mg/kg/day) and vitamin B12 (0.1 mg/kg/day) for 7 days and a single IP injection of cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) at day 7. On day eight, animals were sacrificed and blood collected for CBCs and femur bone were extracted for bone marrow histological examination. Vitamin B2 and vitamin B12 significantly (P<0.05) increase CBCs; and the combination of vitamins produce -a significant (P<0.05) increase in CBCs compared to corresponding counts in other Groups, and -improve histopathological changes compared to Group II rats. In conclusion both vitamins may have myeloprotective effects against cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Apical Sealing Ability of Different Obturation Techniques by Confocal Microscopy: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Reetu Arora ◽  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Neetu Jindal ◽  
Renu Aggarwal ◽  
Kavneet Takhar
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Abstract Introduction The aim of obturation in the root canal is to completely seal the canal space to eliminate all the portals of entry and exit between root canal and periodontal space. Various techniques have been developed to achieve a hermetic seal. Materials and Methods As many as 150 extracted human maxillary central incisors were taken for the study. Biomechanical preparation was done up to F5 protaper file. According to different obturation techniques, samples were divided into six groups, keeping 30 samples in experimental and 15 samples in control groups. Group I–Lateral Condensation, Group II–Thermafil, Group III–Beefill, Group IV–GuttaFlow, Group V–Positive Control group, Group VI–Negative Control group. After obturation, the samples were immersed in 2% Rhodamine-B dye for 24 hours. Each sample was longitudinally sectioned to examine under confocal laser scanning microscope. Statistical Analysis The results were evaluated with ANOVA and posthoc Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) comparison test. Results The mean values of dye penetration of different groups were Group I (Lateral Condensation) 1.51 ± 0.451, Group II (Thermafil) 0.918 ± 0.399, Group III (Beefill) 1.30 ± 0.559. Group IV (GuttaFlow) 0.655 ± 0.396, Group V (Positive Control group) 1.96 ±0.046, Group VI (Negative Control group) 0 ± 0. The lowest mean value of apical microleakage was found in GuttaFlow amongst all experimental groups. Conclusion It can be concluded that the GuttaFlow obturating material exhibited better apical sealing ability with canal walls.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effects of Fenugreek Seeds and Curcumin on Hematotoxicity induced by Nicotine in Male Albino Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Azab Elsayed Azab ◽  
Mohamed Omar Albasha ◽  
Manal Abuelkasem Elnaif
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group V ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

The present study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of fenugreek seeds and curcumin on hematotoxicity induced by nicotine in male albino rats. 30 male F-344/NHsd Fischer rats, weighing from 180 to 200g were used in the present study. The animals were divided into five groups (6 rats for each); Group I (control group), Group II (nicotine treated group), Group III (nicotine/fenugreek seeds co-administered), Group IV (nicotine/curcumin co-administered), and Group V (nicotine/curcumin& fenugreek seeds co-administered). At the end of the experimentation and 24 hours after the last dose, all animals were anaesthetized with ether and blood samples were collected by heart puncture. The samples were collected in clean dry tubes containing the anticoagulant substance EDTA and used for the hematological studies. The results showed that the animals treated with nicotine for 4 weeks showed a significant decrease in RBCs count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, MCH, MCHC, and platelets count, and increased MCV and WBCs count as compared to the control group. Co-administration of nicotine with fenugreek and/or curcumin caused improvement in all hematological parameters when compared with nicotine group. It can be concluded that nicotine had a strong effect on the hematological parameters. The ingestion of fenugreek and/or curcumin prevent the hematoxicity induced by nicotine. The current study suggests that fenugreek and curcumin may be useful in combating free radical-induced hematotoxicity induced by nicotine.

scholarly journals Effect of Wild Chamomile Extracts on the Complex of Economic Benefits of Rabbit Meat

2019 ◽  
pp. 643-651
Author(s):  
Roman Voroshilin ◽  
Sergey Rassolov ◽  
Elena Ul'rih ◽  
Marina Kurbanova
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Rabbit Meat ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Wild Chamomile

Introduction. Nutrition has a great effect on the quality of life and longevity. Modern food industry pays much attention to the issue of obtaining high-quality and safe livestock products grown without feed antibiotics. The research objective was to study the effect of chamomile extract on a complex of economically useful traits of young rabbits and the qualitative characteristics of meat, as well as to determine the optimal dosage of chamomile extract. Study objects and methods. The experimental research was carried out on the animal farm of the Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy in 2018. Five experimental groups and one control group of young Californian rabbits were formed according to the principle of analogue pairs. Each group included 10 rabbits. From 70-day age, the animals of the experimental group I were supplemented with a phytobiotic feed additive based on wild chamomile extract at a dose of 0.5 g per rabbit per day. In experimental group II, each rabbit received 1 g per day; in experimental group III, it was 1.5 g per rabbit per day; in experimental group IV – 2.0 g per rabbit per day; in experimental group V – 2.5 g per head per day. The experiment lasted 30 days. Results and discussion. The best result was achieved in experimental group II. In the experimental groups, the rabbits demonstrated an increase in hemoglobin. The use of phytobiotic feed additives in the diet did not cause any pathological changes in internal organs. The average live weight at the end of the experiment, compared with the control group, was higher: experimental group I – by 0.82%, experimental group II – by 6.96%, experimental group III – by 5.01%, experimental group IV – by 3.73%, experimental group V – by 2.80% (P ˃ 0.01). An analysis of the chemical composition of rabbit meat after the experiment showed that the water content in the rabbit meat ranged from 76 to 77%, which suggests high water-holding properties. The high dietary qualities of the rabbit meat depended on the content of protein (20–22 wt%) and the low fat content (5–7%). These data make it possible to promote rabbit meat for dietary products. Conclusion. According to the slaughter indicators and the phytobiotic feed additives parameters of meat, the optimal dose of phytobiotic feed additives is 1 g per head per day.

scholarly journals An in vitro comparative Evaluation of Fracture Strength of Roots Instrumentated with Self-adjusting File and Reciproc Reciprocating File, with and without Obturation

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Pooja Kabra
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

ABSTRACT Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength of roots instrumented with the self-adjusting file (SAF; ReDent-Nova, Ra'anana, Israel) and the Reciproc reciprocating file and that were and were not obturated using the warm vertical lateral compaction technique. Materials and methods In total, 75 mandibular premolar teeth were sectioned at or below the cementoenamel junction to obtain roots 13 mm in length. The roots were balanced with respect to buccolingual and mesiodistal diameters and weight. They were distributed into four experimental groups and one control group (n = 15): No instrumentation (group I), instrumentation with SAF files but no obturation (group II), instrumentation with SAF files and obturated with warm vertical lateral compaction (group III), instrumentation with Reciproc File but no obturation (group IV), and instrumentation with Reciproc File and obturated with warm vertical lateral compaction (group V). AH Plus sealer (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) was used along with gutta-percha points. One week later, a vertical load was applied to the specimen's canal until fracture occurred. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (p = 0.05). Results The mean fracture load was 312.83 N for group I, 297.35 N for group II, 359.15 N for group III, 231.51 N for group IV, and 275.81 N for group V. Conclusion The fracture resistances exhibited a statistically significant difference between all the groups. Teeth instrumented by SAF exhibited a better fracture resistance. How to cite this article Tyagi S, Choudhary E, Kabra P, Chauhan R. An in vitro comparative Evaluation of Fracture Strength of Roots Instrumentated with Self-adjusting File and Reciproc Reciprocating File, with and without Obturation. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):20-25.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Histopathological Effects on Liver Profile due to Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity of Somina on Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Aisha Azmat ◽  
Muhammad Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Limited research studies are reported regarding the toxicological effect of different herbal medicine already used in different countries. Objective: This research study was planned to examine the changes in liver (biochemical and histological) associated with oral administration of somina (acute and sub-acute) in rats. Methodology: Group– I served as control (saline), while other groups (II, III) were daily treated with somina at different doses of 0.285g/kg (group – II), 10g/kg/day (group – III), for 14 (set I), 21 (set II), and 30 (set III) consecutive days.  Each group contains 12 rats. During the study period, signs and behavioral changes, mortality, were observed. At the end of study period, blood sample was drawn directly from heart, for the estimation of liver enzymes: Bilirubin (BIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum glutamic pyruvic transferase (SGPT), aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT), Albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP). The liver was carefully dichotomized, weighed, and further processed for histopathological analysis. Results: Herbal drug somina was claimed to be practically non-toxic as in rats no mortality was recorded after the oral administration of somina (14, 21 and 30 consecutive days). Liver profile showed non-significant changes in treated group- II and III (P > 0.05), as compared to the control (group- I). The histopathological examination did not reveal any deteriorative effect. Conclusion: It was concluded that oral administration of somina did not produce any significant detrimental effects on rat liver (biochemical and histopathological parameters), even at doses of 10g/kg/day indicating its safe use.

Renal renin responses to changes in volume status and perfusion pressure

1980 ◽  
Vol 238 (6) ◽  
pp. F488-F490 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Kaufman ◽  
R. J. Hamburger ◽  
W. Flamenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Aortic Clamping ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Acute Changes

The effects on juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) renin activity of maneuvers known to acutely alter renin secretory rates were studied in rats. Five groups of rats were studied: group I: control; group II: 1% volume expansion; group III: 10% volume expansion; group IV: hypotensive hemorrhage; and group V: aortic clamping. Superficial (S) JGA renin activity was decreased in group II and further decreased in group III. Deep (D) JGA renin activity did not change. After hypotensive hemorrhage both S- and D-JGA renin activity increased. Similar results were seen after aortic clamping, although the increase in D-JGA renin activity was significantly less. These results indicate that S- and D-JGA renin activity may be under the control of different stimuli and may vary independently. They also support the concept that acute changes in renin secretion may be related to changes in renin synthesis.

scholarly journals Liposome Encapsulated Astaxanthin Altered Biochemical Profile In Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) Induced Hepato Carcinoma On Swiss Albino Mice

2020 ◽  
pp. 344-352
Author(s):  
Suganya Vasudevan ◽  
Anuradha Venkataraman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Abnormal Cells

Cancer is a disease in which a group of abnormal cells grow uncontrollably by disregarding the normal rules of cell division. Across several cancers, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers in worldwide. It is held responsible for up to 1 million deaths globally per annum. HCC is an inflammation-related cancer, as a chronic inflammatory state is necessary for cancer appearance. In this study, the drug astaxanthin and encapsulated astaxanthin was tested against HCC. Mice were divided into 7 groups; Group I: control, Group II: DEN induced, Group III: DEN + 50 mg/kg astaxanthin, Group IV: DEN + 100 mg/kg astaxanthin, Group V: DEN + 50 mg/kg encapsulated astaxanthin, Group VI: DEN + 100 mg/kg encapsulated astaxanthin, Group VII: DEN + 10 mg/kg sorafenib. Regular diet was given. Body weight, Food intake, water intake was noted. Other biochemical parameters such as ALP, AST, Albumin, proteins and TNF-α was determined. Finally, the liver was removed from each mice of different group by sacrificing them and histopathology was done. In vivo evaluation in mice models showed significant antitumor activities by both encapsulated and non-encapsulated astaxanthin at 100 mg/kg as compared with the control, DEN induced group and positive drug sorafenib. This research suggested that encapsulated astaxanthin can also be used as chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

scholarly journals Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Female Reproductive Hormones in 7, 12 Dimethyl Benzanthracene Induced Ovarian Cancer Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 346-350
Author(s):  
Madhuri Boggiti
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Abstract: Ovarian cancer is the deadliest type of cancer in women. It is often presented at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. The current treatment methods for this tumor are not safe and have serious side effects. It has been suggested that the use of steroids for hormonal purposes is linked to the development of ovarian cancer. The current study aims to investigate the effects of cinnamaldehyde on these hormones. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cinnamaldehyde on the reproductive hormones of rats after being induced to develop ovarian cancer. Cinnamaldehyde is an active compound that has been used in Asia for over 4000 years. Cinnamaldehyde has different biological activities including antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, antitumor were reported by many investigators. In the present study, animals were randomly allocated into VI groups: Group -I served as a control with normal water and group-II was drug control (50 mg/kg b. w) rats received only cinnamaldehyde orally for 36 weeks. The rats in group III were given a single dose of 7,12 Dimethyl benzanthracene (100 µg/rat) dissolved in 10 µL of sesame oil to surgically exposed left ovary and maintained up to 36 weeks to initiate ovarian carcinogenesis. Group IV rats received DMBA + cinnamaldehyde 50 mg/kg b. w (before starting the experiment and continued up to 24 weeks). Group V rats received DMBA + cinnamaldehyde 50 mg/kg b. w (25-36 weeks). Group VI rats received DMBA + cinnamaldehyde 50 mg/kg b. w (1-36 weeks). Serum levels of Estrogen, progesterone, LH, FSH were estimated using ELISA. The results showed that significant increase in serum level of Estrogen, LH, FSH, and decreased progesterone in only DMBA treated group when compared with control groups. Also, there was a significant decrease in serum levels of Estrogen, LH, FSH, and increased progesterone in cinnamaldehyde treated groups (dose-dependent) when compared to only DMBA treated group. The results of the present study suggested that cinnamaldehyde has anticancer activity and further investigations are needed for evaluating the anticancer potential and mechanism of its action. Keywords: Cinnamaldehyde, DMBA, Ovarian cancer, Reproductive hormones.

scholarly journals Proliferation of odontoblast-like cells following application of a combination of calcium hydroxide and propolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Ira Widjiastuti ◽  
Sri Kunarti ◽  
Fauziah Diajeng Retnaningsih ◽  
Evri Kusumah Ningtyas ◽  
Debby Fauziah Suryani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Background: One purpose of operative dentistry is the maintenance of healthy pulp by reducing the need for root canal treatment and the possibility of undesirable scenarios such as tooth loss. Propolis is a plant-derived substance that contains a resin produced by honeybees belonging to the Apis mellifera species. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a combination of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and propolis extract on odontoblast-like cell proliferation in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This research constituted a true experimental laboratory-based investigation with post-test control group design. Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups. The first molar pulp of each sample was perforated on occlusal surfaces using a low speed round bur. On day 3, the samples were divided into six groups (n=10): Group I: control; Group II: Ca(OH)2 + 11%; propolis extract; Group III: Ca(OH)2 + aquadest, and on day 7: Group IV: control; Group V: Ca(OH)2 + 11% propolis extract; Group VI: Ca(OH)2 + aquadest. All samples were filled with restorative material. They were subsequently sacrificed after 3 and 7 days post-pulp capping administration and the afflicted tooth extracted for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The resulting data was subjected to statistical analysis to ascertain the proliferation of odontoblast-like cells. The significance of differences between the groups was determined by a one-way ANOVA test followed by a post hoc Tuckey HSD. A p-value <0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: On day 3, a significant difference existed between group II (Ca(OH)2–propolis) and group I (control group) and group III (Ca(OH)2–aquades), whereas Ca(OH)2–propolis revealed that the proliferation of odontoblast-like cells was higher. Meanwhile, on day 7, there was a significant difference between all groups whereas, with regard to Ca(OH)2–propolis, the proliferation of odontoblast-like cells in group V was higher. Conclusion: Application of combination of Ca(OH)2-propolis extract can increase the proliferation of odontoblast-like cells in pulp tissue on days 3 and 7.

scholarly journals LIVER INJURY

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1269-1275
Author(s):  
Zunera Hakim ◽  
Akbar Waheed ◽  
Bareera Hakim ◽  
Najam ul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I

Methimazole (MMI) is a widely used antithyroid drug for hyperthyroidism.However its clinical use is associated with many deleterious effects including hepatotoxicity.MMI induced liver injury is dependent upon bio-activation to toxic intermediates revealing theimportant role of drug metabolizing enzymes in generation of this adverse reaction. Studydesign: Randomized controlled laboratory trial. Period: 04 months from March 2015 to June2015. Settings: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Army Medical College,Rawalpindi. Aim of the study: The effect of isoniazid (INH) on MMI induced hepatotoxicity wasevaluated in mice. Materials and Method: Thirty male BALB/c mice were randomly dividedinto five groups. Group I served as control group (C-I). Group II (C-II) served as control forINH treated group and received plain drinking water for ten consecutive days. Hepatotoxicitywas induced by single intraperitoneal injection of MMI at a dose of 1000mg/kg in Group III(MMI).Group IV (INH) received isoniazid (0.1%w/v) in drinking water for ten consecutive days.A separate group V (INH +MMI) of isoniazid pretreated mice was given MMI at eleventh day fordetermination of combined effect of both drugs. The extent of hepatic damage was determinedby estimation of serum ALT and ALP along with histopathological analysis of liver samples.Results: MMI resulted in markedly elevated ALT and ALP with hepatic inflammation. INHadministration produced no significant change in both serum biomarkers and histopathologyappearance. Pretreatment of INH with MMI produced insignificant escalation of liver enzymesand microscopic parameters. However, biochemical and histological comparison of this groupwith MMI group revealed statistically consequential differences. Conclusion: INH has beneficialrole in preventing MMI induced hepatic injury.

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