scholarly journals Effectiveness of neurotropic therapy in the treatment of non-psychotic mental disorders in patients who have suffered a cerebral stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
V. A. Mikhailov ◽  
L. V. Lukina ◽  
N. Yu. Safonova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Deficit Reduction ◽  
Brain Stroke ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders ◽  
Almost All

The purpose of the study: to clarify the prevalence of non-psychotic mental disorders in the population of patients suffered a cerebral stroke, and to assess the potential use of neurotropic drugs for the correction of certain types of psychopathological syndromes. Materials and methods: 180 patients were examined in the recovery period of brain stroke (the average duration of stroke was 20.7±6.6 months): 78 men and 102 women aged 39 to 90 years (the average age was 64.8±11.2). All patients underwent neuroimaging, experimental psychological research and a psychiatrist’s examination. Results: as a result of the survey, almost all patients in the recovery period of a brain stroke (90.5%) were found non-psychotic mental disorders with a predominance of psychoasthenic syndrome and mnestic-intellectual disorders that develop because of the predomimamt lesion of the brain frontal lobes. As a result of isolated neurotropic therapy, several therapeutic tasks were solved: treatment of focal neurological deficit, reduction of asthenia and the severity of mnestico-intellectual disorders, reduced drug load on the patient. Conclusion: the majority of patients in the recovery period of stroke have various psychopathological disorders, but due to somatic burden can not always receive psychotropic therapy. In this case, it is important to use new approaches to the correction of psychopathological disorders. The use of isolated neurotropic therapy has shown high efficiency in correcting the psychopathological component of stroke, which allows solving several rehabilitation tasks. Research on various aspects of post-stroke mental disorders can help identify additional opportunities for personalized and safe treatment of patients who have suffered acute stroke.

scholarly journals Clinical and Neurological Symptoms in Acute Brain Stroke from Gender Dymorphism and Age Features

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
N.M. Vakhabova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Problems ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Stroke Outcomes ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
Clear Tendency ◽  
The World ◽  
Brain Stroke ◽  
Age Features ◽  
Acute Cerebral Stroke

To date, CVD, in particular acute cerebrovascular accidents, have a clear tendency to increase. The existing domestic and especially foreign literature testifies to the established important medical and social problems of acute cerebral stroke in the society of humanity around the world. Stroke can develop at any age, but its frequency and prevalence increase with age. About 80% of strokes occur in people over 65, with age having a major impact on stroke outcomes.

scholarly journals Nuclear-Targeted TAT-PZLL-D3 Co-Delivery DOX and p53 for Chemotherapy Resistance of SCLC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Tianshou Cao ◽  
Wanyu Li ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Qunfa Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Chemotherapy Resistance ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Delivery Vector ◽  
Transactivator Of Transcription ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 13% ~ 15% of lung cancer. It is a subtype with high malignancy and poor prognosis. Almost all patients with SCLC will inevitably have drug resistance and tumor recurrence, which has become an urgent problem in the treatment of SCLC. Nuclear-targeted drug delivery system, which enables intra-nuclear release of anticancer drugs, is expected to address this challenge. In this study, based on transactivator of transcription (TAT)’s active transport property to the nucleus, we developed a high-efficiency nucleus-targeted co-delivery vector that delivers genes and drugs directly into the nucleus of A549 cells. The system is based on a poly-(N-ε-carbobenzyloxy-L-lysine) (PZLL) and dendritic polyamidoamine (PAMAM) block copolymer (PZLL-D3) with TAT modified on the surface of carrier. In vitro studies showed that DOX and p53 could can be effectively transported to the nucleus and kill the cancer cells. Thus, such deliver system would bypass the drug resistance and tumor recurrence problem.

Personality and attitudes towards people with mental disorders: Preliminary studies results

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Wolska ◽  
Alicja Malina
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Neo Five Factor Inventory ◽  
Polish Adaptation

Background: The subject of psychological research all over the world is to understand the factors conditioning relationships between healthy people and people with mental disorders. Authors analysing attitudes towards people with mental disorders emphasize the importance of two types of determinants: personality factors and demographic and social variables. Aim: The aim of the research was to determine the interdependencies between personality traits and attitudes towards people with mental disorders, taking into account the moderating role of social distance and demographic and environmental variables. Method: Polish version of Community Attitudes towards Mental Illness (CAMI) – Kwestionariusz Postaw (KP) was used to measure attitudes towards people with mental disorders. Personality traits were measured using the NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (FFI) Personality Inventory by Costa and McCrae–Polish Adaptation, and the polish version of the Social Distance Scale was used to measure the declared social distance. In all, 204 people participated in the research: 133 women and 71 men, aged 18–65 years, living in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian and Greater Poland voivodeships. Results: The results showed that there is a relationship between personality traits: neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience and agreeableness and an attitude towards people with mental disorders. Social distance, as the proposed moderator, did not significantly change the relationship between the variables. Conclusion: The results of the research have confirmed the important role of personality factors for attitudes, what should be remembered to exploration of presented phenomenon.

scholarly journals Implementation of Unbalanced Ternary Logic Gates with the Combination of Spintronic Memristor and CMOS

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Zhang ◽  
Zhaowei Zhang ◽  
Mingyu Gao ◽  
Li Luo ◽  
Shukai Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Logic Circuit ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Ternary Logic ◽  
Logic Operations ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Logic Functions

A memristor is a nanoscale electronic element that displays a threshold property, non-volatility, and variable conductivity. Its composite circuits are promising for the implementation of intelligence computation, especially for logic operations. In this paper, a flexible logic circuit composed of a spintronic memristor and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) switches is proposed for the implementation of the basic unbalanced ternary logic gates, including the NAND, NOR, AND, and OR gates. Meanwhile, due to the participation of the memristor and CMOS, the proposed circuit has advantages in terms of non-volatility and load capacity. Furthermore, the input and output of the proposed logic are both constant voltages without signal degradation. All these three merits make the proposed circuit capable of realizing the cascaded logic functions. In order to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the entire work, series circuit simulations were carried out. The experimental results indicated that the proposed logic circuit has the potential to realize almost all basic ternary logic gates, and even some more complicated cascaded logic functions with a compact circuit construction, high efficiency, and good robustness.

Practical value of food bait «Fliblok gran-ules» in order to reduce the number of zoo-philic flies at the pig farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
S.V. Engashev ◽  
◽  
F. I. Vasilevich ◽  
M.D. Novak ◽  
E.S. Engasheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Food Pellet ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Russian Federa Tion ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
Almost All

Bestial flies are widely spred at various types of livestock enterprises (dairy farms, fattening farms, pig farms, sheep farms, stud farms, poultry farms) of the Russian Federa-tion; they are mechanical and biological carriers of many pathogens of infectious and invasive diseases, can cause anemia and stress in productive farm animals and young animals. The economic damage from infec-tious and parasitic diseases, the causative agents of which carry licking and blood-sucking flies, as well as from a decrease in productivity due to stress, is measured in hundreds of millions of rubles a year. In addition, high costs are required for veteri-nary, anti-epizootic and recreational activi-ties. We conducted a test to study the effective-ness of the Flyblock® food pellet bait (organization-developer of NEC Agrovet-zashchita LLC), an insecticidal and attract-ant measurement during the period of the maximum number of bestial flies on a pig farm.The food bait was tested from the sec-ond half of summer until the end of Septem-ber in three commercial pig farms of the Ryazan Region: 50 x 12 m - experimental, 5 x 12 m - control № 1 (fodder kitchen), 50 x 12 m - control № 2. In the experimental room, the Flyblock® drug granules were distributed by the rate of 5 g per 5 m2 in cardboard containers 12 x 8 cm in size with 4 cm high side walls in plac-es not accessible to animals - window open-ings. The Flyblock® pellet food bait was placed once with regular monitoring (starting from the first day and for 2.5 months) of its effectiveness against bestial flies with the obligatory re-moval of dead flies. Studies have showed the high efficiency of Flyblock® food pellets against bestial flies. The effectiveness of the the drug against licking and bloodsucking flies when keeping pigs for fattening in the premises of a com-mercial pig farm is in almost all cases of research more than 95%.

Evaluation of Air Filtration Options for an Industrial Gas Turbine

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Perullo ◽  
Josh Barron ◽  
Dale Grace ◽  
Leonard Angello ◽  
Tim Lieuwen
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Unit Output ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Unit Performance

Gas turbines ingest large quantities of air during operation. As a result, large quantities of foreign particles ranging in size from smoke (0.01 to 1.0 micron) to pollen (10 micron) enter the unit and can contribute to both fouling and erosion depending on particle size. Fouling and erosion both lead to reductions in unit output and efficiency resulting in increased operational cost. Operators have historically combatted fouling through a combination of online water washes, more effective off-line water washes, and air filtration. As is the case with almost all engineering problems, the trade-off between the cost and effectiveness of these methods must be evaluated. Online washing is somewhat effective but has led to first stage blade erosion and unit trips in some cases. Off-line washing is more effective at cleaning the unit, but requires the unit to be shut down for extended periods of time. Air filtration can help prevent foreign particles from entering the unit, but higher efficiency filters are generally associated with a larger inlet pressure drop, leading to decreased unit output; this is balanced against reduced fouling rates. These tradeoffs between the costs associated with higher efficiency filters and the frequency of compressor washing need to be evaluated on a plant-by-plant basis to determine the best combination of air filtration and compressor washing programs. This paper presents a field study carried out to determine the effectiveness of high efficiency filters in preventing compressor fouling. Fourteen units at four sites were monitored over a 9 month to 3 year time period to determine the changes in unit performance and the impact of water washes on unit performance for both pre and final filters of lower and higher efficiency ratings. Results to date indicate that higher efficiency filters are effective at reducing the need for off-line water washes and potentially reduce life-cycle cost. Reduced output from the higher pressure drop, high efficiency filters is offset by the better performance retention offered from reduced fouling rates.

scholarly journals Overview of Recurrence Mental Health Disorders in Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
Umi Rachmawati ◽  
Islamiyah Islamiyah ◽  
Firman Firman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Almost All

Mental health problems found in the community require comprehensive treatment, as the disease can cause recurrence in the past year after undergoing hospital treatment despite still taking medication. This study aims to find out the picture of recurrence of people with mental disorders in the commut. The design of this research is a type of quantitative research that is descriptive narrative, the population in this study is all people with mental disorders who are in the working area of Poasia Health Center Kendari City and live witha care giver, asmany as 24 people, sampling techniques using purposive sampling techniques obtained as many as 20 respondents. This research was conducted in June 2020 in poasia health center working area of Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The data collection tool uses a questionnaire containing the characteristics of respondents and a mental disorder recurrence questionnaire. Data analysis in the form of univariate analysis in the form of frequency distribution. The results showed that almost all respondents experienced a relapse with a high relapse category after undergoing treatment at the hospital.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF THE DYNAMIC CHANGES OF AMINO ACID BLOOD PLASMA SPECTRUM IN PATIENTS WITH THE PRIMARY CEREBRAL ISCHEMIC STROKE DEPENDING ON THE POSTAPOPLECTIC SPASTICITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE RECOVERY PERIOD

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Anzhelika Payenok ◽  
Maria Bilobryn ◽  
Iryna Mitelman
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Cerebral Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Ischemic

The aim of research was to reveal the dynamic changes of the level of excitatory and inhibitory neuroamino acids in patients with the primary cerebral ischemic stroke depending on postapoplectic spasticity presence at the end of the early recovery period. For this aim was studied the concentration of excitatory and inhibitory neuroamino acids in the blood plasma in first 72 hours in 97 patients with the primary ischemic cerebral stroke depending on postapoplectic spasticity on the sixth month after ischemic event. The control group included 15 patients with diagnosed chronic cerebral ischemia. In the result of research we revealed that the common sign for the two groups (with spasticity on the sixth month and without it) was the reliable rise of the level of excitatory amino acids comparing with the control. In patients without spasticity the heightened level of excitatory neurotransmitters in the most acute period of ischemic cerebral stroke was attended with the heightened level of inhibitory neuroamino acids. The distinctive feature of patients with postapoplectic spasticity was the decreased or stable level of transmitters of inhibitory action. During 6th moth after ischemic stroke was detected the rise of all studied neuroamino acids in patients with spasticity unlike to the ones without spasticity who were characterized only with the rise of taurine level and decrease of glycine and aspartate levels. So, the received results allow assume the insufficient activation of the inhibitory neuroamino acids system in the most acute period of the ischemic stroke in certain category of patients that in future are inclined to the spasticity development after stroke.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Leg Exoskeleton Use in Rehabilitation of Cerebral Stroke Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Kotov ◽  
Alexander I. Romanov ◽  
Ekaterina V. Silina ◽  
Victor A. Stupin ◽  
Elena V. Isakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Period ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Lower Limb Exoskeleton ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Early Recovery Period

Abstract The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of functional and motor activity restoration, including the walking function, in patients after an ischemic stroke using the ExoAtlet lower limb exoskeleton. Patients and methods. A clinical study was carried out on 42 patients who had undergone a cerebral infarction in the mid cerebral artery system with a post-stroke paresis of the leg, and who had undergone a rehabilitation course in a round-theclock hospital during the early recovery period. Patients were randomized into two equal groups comparable in terms of the stroke severity: the patients in group 1 were receiving a standard rehabilitation program (control group), the patients in group 2 were additionally receiving a course of gait rehabilitation using the ExoAtlet exoskeleton - 10 sessions, 5 sessions per week for 14 days. Results. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of the ExoAtlet exoskeleton used in the rehabilitation of stroke patients over the standard course of rehabilitation. The advantages include a decrease in the hemiparesis degree, an increase in the muscle strength of the paretic limb, an improvement in balance, an improvement and acceleration of the walking process. The obtained results of the instrumental study confirmed the benefits of physical training on the Exoskeleton, which was demonstrated through an increase in stability and balance, as well as through a decrease in the energy consumption index for maintaining the stable verticalization. Conclusion. The usage of the ExoAtlet exoskeleton increases the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures and improves motor and functional activities of patients who have suffered a cerebral stroke.

Diagnostic prevalence and comorbidity

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart D. M. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Inmate Population ◽  
Correctional Settings ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders ◽  
Almost All

Prisons and jails remain a growth industry, with many countries increasing correctional services to cope with the ever-burgeoning inmate population. One longstanding issue is the perceived increase in prevalence of mental disorders that are found in correctional settings compared to the community. Definitions of mental illness and methods of assessment vary substantially. That said, emerging data reflect some consistency in the range of estimated prevalence. Personality disorder (predominantly antisocial personality disorder) is the most common mental disorder among prisoners, accounting for 65% of male and 42% of female prisoners. Estimated rates of psychosis in some settings are as high as 3.7% for males and 4.0% for females, while major depressive disorders are found in up to 10% of male and 12% of female prisoners. Estimated point prevalence rates for alcohol abuse and dependence varied between 18 and 30% for male prisoners and between 10 and 24% for female prisoners; these estimates were between 10 and 48% for males and 30 to 60% for female prisoners with respect to drug dependence and abuse. The rates of almost all disorders are several times higher than those found in the general community, and the rates of comorbidity are exceptionally high. This chapter outlines the best available correctional prevalence of common mental disorders and considers the key assumptions and methodological challenges around ascertaining rates of these different diagnoses.

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