THE IMPROVEMENT OF WINTER WHEAT SOWING METHODS AND RATES IN THE ZAVOLZHIE

At present winter wheat is the leading grain crop in the Volga region and Russia. However, it’s necessary to improve its cultivation technologies to increase its efficiency. The purpose of the work is to identify the optimum sowing methods and rates of winter soft wheat with the application of disinfectant ‘Stsenik Kombi’ in the climatic conditions of the Middle Zavolzhie. In 2015–2018 there was estimated the influence of two sowing methods (row and wide-row) and five sowing rates of the winter wheat variety ‘Svetoch’ when applying disinfectant ‘Stsenik Kombi’ in comparison with the control variety. It has been established that the highest net income (12251.5–12498.3 rubles/ha) and level of profitability (107.7–121.5%) were obtained on options with the sowing rate of 2.0–4.0 million/ha. The highest breeding rate was found in the usual ordinary sowing rate of 1 million/ha to 100 (in 2016), which is in 2–4 times higher than when sown with the rate of 2.0–5.0 million/ha. The obtained regularity indicates the prospects of this sowing rate when cultivating seeds of high reproductions for seed production purposes, both in ordinary row sowing (the width of the spacing is 15 cm), and in wide-row sowing (30 cm). When sowing 2.0 million/ha or more, there was established a prevalence of ordinary row sowing over wide-row sowing on 0.4 t/ha (or 16.9%). The application of disinfectant ‘Stsenik Kombi’ is recommended in winter wheat cultivation.

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The improvement of the winter wheat cultivation technology in arid conditions of the Povolzhie

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2021-73-1-52-56 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 52-56

Author(s):

О. I. Goryanin ◽

Е. V. Madyakin ◽

B. Zh. Dzhangabaev ◽

N. А. Yakovleva

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Early Spring ◽

Net Income ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Arid Conditions ◽

Wheat Cultivation ◽

European Part Of Russia ◽

Cultivation Technology ◽

Moisture Conditions

Winter wheat is currently the main grain field crop in the European part of Russia. However, to increase the cultivation efficiency, it is necessary to improve cultivation technology. The purpose of the work is to identify new promising varieties and improve the winter bread wheat cultivation technology for the arid conditions of the Povolzhie. In 2015–2019 there was conducted an agroecological testing for 17 winter wheat varieties, which were most widespread and had the prospects for their introduction in the Povolzhie. During 2011–2018 there were studied five cultivation technologies (options) of the winter wheat variety ‘Svetoch’ in the six crop rotation sequences. The study has established that when cultivating winter wheat in the blackearth (chernozem) steppe of the Povolzhie, the varieties ‘Marafon’, ‘Novoershovskaya’, ‘Zhemchuzhina Povolzhiya’, ‘Severodonetskaya yubileynaya’ and ‘Svetoch’ were the most promising varieties. Under favorable moisture conditions, it was most profitable to cultivated the varieties ‘Rostovchanka 7’, ‘Izyuminka’, ‘Marafon’, ‘Bazis’, ‘Severodonetskaya yubileynaya’, ‘Skipetr’. When cultivating winter wheat in ‘black’ fallow, it is more rational to use early fallow, which begins to be cultivated in the spring when the soil is physically matured. The early spring additional fertilizing with ammonium nitrate increases winter wheat productivity on 0.28 t/ha (9.3%). In order to obtain the maximum net income (11324.8 rubles/ha) and profitability (115.0%), it is most expedient to use the biological product ‘Bionex Kemi’ (3 l/ha) on commercial wheat crops.

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PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETY GRAIN IN CONDITIONSOF MIDDLE VOLGA REGION STEPPE

Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy ◽

10.12737/21799 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 25-28

Author(s):

Маслова ◽

Galina Maslova ◽

Лавренникова ◽

Olga Lavrennikova

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Protein Content ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

High Rate ◽

Volga Region ◽

Middle Volga Region ◽

Winter Wheat Variety ◽

Middle Volga

The purpose of research is to increase the productivity and quality of winter wheat variety trials competitive grain varieties, depending on weather conditions. Studied varieties: Povolzhskaya 86, Kinel’skaya 8, Povolzhskaya niva, Konstantinovskaya. Varieties cultivated by traditional technology, the fresh pair. The data for the 2012-2015 biennium. Grain quality was assessed a number of indicators that characterize its physico-chemical and technological properties: nature grain, vitreous, the strength of flour, protein content, adhesive wine. The maximum value in terms of nature is characterized by grain corn all classes in 2013 and 2014 (782-816 g/l). The high rate of vitreous grains observed in 2012, 2014, 2015 (72-92%). Good data on the same data obtained for the protein content, wet gluten flour strength. It was found that the environmental conditions during the formation and ripening of grain in years of research have a significant impact on productivity and ka-honors winter wheat. The study group of varieties set up in the laboratory breeding and seed, has a rapid rate of accumulation of dry matter. They are adapted to the formation of us, full grain in the conditions of unstable arid climate of the Middle Volga region.

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Moisture consumed by the winter wheat variety “Niva Stavropoliya” to produce yields with the use of biological products and fertilizers in the Don area

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2020-69-3-8-11. ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 8-11

Author(s):

D. M. Repka ◽

L. P. Beltyukov ◽

Yu. V. Gordeeva

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Field Trials ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Liquid Form ◽

Biological Products ◽

Winter Wheat Variety ◽

Wheat Cultivation ◽

Fallow Lands

The purpose of the current study was to determine the amount of moisture consumed by winter wheat to produce yields with the use of biological products and fertilizers. Under the conditions of insufficient and unstable moisture in theRostovregion, the granular mineral fertilizers applied in winter wheat cultivation caused by a moisture deficit do not always give a positive effect. In this case, in our opinion, the use of new biological products and fertilizers in a liquid form for the pre-sowing treatment of seeds and vegetative plants is a very promising direction. Thus, there have been carried out field trials to study the effect of various water-soluble fertilizers and biological products on the moisture consumption and productivity of winter wheat variety “Niva Stavropoliya” sown in fallow lands. The field trials were conducted in 2016–2018 at the AFC (SA) “Rus” of the Salsky district, located in the southern part of theRostovregion. There have been studied such biological products as “Extrasol”, “Rostok”, “Aquamix” and water-soluble fertilizers “Aquarin5”and “Aquarin9”when using optimal doses of fertilizers. The trials have shown that the combined use of biological products and water-soluble fertilizers was the most effective, when used 0.1 kg/t “Aquamix” for seed treatment + 2 kg/ha “Aquarin5”during a period of tillering + 2 kg/ha “Aquarin9”during a period of head formation together with the use of mineral fertilizers. As a result, productivity increase was 36% compared with that of the control.

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Periods of ammonium nitrate application during the cultivation of soft winter wheat variety Krasa Dona in the southern part of the Rostov region

Agricultural science Euro-North-East ◽

10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.6.743-751 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 743-751

Author(s):

А. A. Sukharev ◽

G. V. Ovsyannikova

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Net Income ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Winter Wheat Variety ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Rostov Region ◽

Soft Winter Wheat

The studies were carried out in the southern part of the Rostov region in 2017-2019 on typical carbonate chernozem. Studied was the efficiency of periods of ammonium nitrate application (N30, N30+30 ) in autumn when the vegetation season is finished, in spring in the thawed soil, and during the tillering phaseon the yield and quality of winter wheat grain of Krasa Dona variety by different seed sowing rates (500, 600, 700 pcs/m2). Soft winter wheat variety Krasa Donacultivated after sunflower has shown a good reaction to double nitrogen top-dressing in autumn and in spring (N30 in autumn when the autumn growing season is finished + N30 in spring on thawed soil). In this variant there has been formed the largest yield of 6.09-6.18 t/ha. The productivity excess over the control variant (without nitrogen top-dressings) was 2.38-2.63 t/ha, depending on the seeding rate, which significantly exceeded the level of LSD05 in the experiment (LSD05 = 0.24 t/ha). In addition, in this variant with the seeding rate of 500 pcs/m2 the maximum economic efficiency was obtained. The profitability was 121.3 %, and the contingent net income was 34,268 rub/ha. The application of nitrogen fertilizing provided an increase in the mass of 1000 grains to 42.6-43.0 g (39.8-40.2 g in the control) and increased the gluten content in the grain to 20.5-21.8 % (18.6-18.8 % in the control).

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Intensive agricultural technologies of winter wheat cultivation in the Middle Volga region

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20201700054 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 00054

Author(s):

Natalya P. Bakaeva ◽

Olga L. Saltykova ◽

Nina Yu. Korzhavina ◽

Maxim S. Prikazchikov

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Protein Content ◽

Volga Region ◽

Efficiency Coefficient ◽

Net Income ◽

Agricultural Technologies ◽

Middle Volga Region ◽

Wheat Cultivation ◽

Middle Volga

The article describes agricultural technologies increasing nitrate nitrogen content in the soil, crop yield, protein content and its fractional composition in winter wheat grain in the Middle Volga region. An economic and energy assessment of the effectiveness of winter wheat cultivation is provided for various predecessors, methods of primary tillage and fertilizing. Long-term studies were carried out on the fields of the Department of Agriculture, the laboratory “Agroecology” of Samara State Agricultural Academy. When cultivating winter wheat using the black fallow method, without autumn mechanical tillage with double application of nitrogen fertilizing, the highest yield indicators (2.79 t/ha), protein content of 13.12 %, the maximum net income, profitability of 92 % and energy efficiency were achieved. The energy efficiency coefficient in crops was the largest with the lowest energy coefficient in proteins.

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THE EFFECT OF THE PREPARATION ‘AGRIMITIN’ ON WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE ROSTOV REGION

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2019-63-3-14-18 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 14-18

Author(s):

A. A. Popov ◽

G. V. Ovsyannikova ◽

A. A. Sukharev ◽

N. G. Dupliy

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Soft Wheat ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Net Income ◽

Combined Use ◽

Productivity Increase

The use of biological stimulants promotes plant metabolism, which improves the utilization of mineral fertilizers and plant defense mechanisms against the effect of unfavorable factors. The paper discusses the results of winter wheat seed treatment with ‘Agrimitin’ and a fungicide disinfectant ‘Vintsit Forte’. It has been determined that seed treatment with the preparations promoted the increase of winter wheat productivity. In 2017–2018 after seed treatment with ‘Agrimitin’, the average productivity increase was 0.18 t/ha for the winter soft wheat variety ‘Lydia’ and 0.25 t/ ha for the winter durum wheat variety ‘Lazurit’ compared with the productivity of the control variety. The combined use of preparations promoted the productivity increase on 0.37 t / ha for the winter soft wheat and on 0.44 t /ha for the winter durum wheat. The structural analysis of productivity showed that the use of preparations increased the number of productive stems to 580–648 pcs/ m2 in comparison with 564–621 pcs/m2 of the control variety. A number of kernels per ear and mass of kernels per ear of winter soft wheat after seed treatment had no significant increase. Winter durum wheat showed better effect of seed treatment: ‘number of kernels per ear’ increased from 30.6 pcs. to 32.8 pcs., and ‘mass of kernels per ear’ raised from 1.38 g to 1.55 g. The maximum profitability of winter soft and durum wheat production was identified in the variant with a combined use of the preparations ‘Agrimitin’ + ‘Protravitel’ (184.2% and 208.6% respectively). At the same time, the net income rate of winter soft wheat increased on 3,136 rubles/ha and that of winter durum wheat increased on 4,624 rubles/ha, compared to the the net income rate of the control variety (58145 rubles/ ha and 64796 rubles/ha, respectively).

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Winter Wheat Variety Test

10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1163 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Ronald Skrdla ◽

Jean-Luc Jannink

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Winter Wheat Variety

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The choice of the terms and methods of nitrogen additional fertilizing for winter bread wheat in the southern part of the Rostov region

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2020-69-3-43-47 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 43-47

Author(s):

A. A. Sukharev ◽

G. M. Zelenskaya

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Economic Effect ◽

Wheat Variety ◽

Scattering Method ◽

Net Income ◽

Winter Bread Wheat ◽

Productivity Increase ◽

Control Variant

The current paper has presented the results of three years’ study (2012–2014) of the application of various terms and methods of nitrogen additional fertilizing for the winter bread wheat variety “Stanichnaya”. There has been studied efficiency of various terms and methods of nitrogen additional fertilizing with various forecrops. There has been identified an effect of these additional fertilizing on winter bread wheat productivity according to the forecrops. In the control variant, the productivity of the variety according to the forecrop depended greatly on the forecrops: 5.52 t/ha (weedfree fallow), 5.26 t/ha (peas), 4.29 t/ha (maize for grains) and 3.57 t/ha (winter wheat). There has been identified large productivity in the autumn ammonium nitrate fertilizing by the scattering method (in all variants of the forecrops), the productivity raised on 0.38–0.73 t/ha. The study has shown that the economic effect of the ammonium nitrate fertilizing in the autumn was also at maximum profitability, 76–154%, and the conditional net income was 10 675–22 955 rubles/ha. The efficiency of ammonium nitrate fertilizing by the scattering method in the spring on thawed/frozen soil was lower, the productivity increase ranged from 0.21 t/ha sown after peas to 0.65 t/ha sown after maize. Root additional fertilizing with a seeder gave a positive effect only when the variety was sown after for winter wheat and maize, in that case the productivity increase was 0.52 t/ha and 0.46 t/ha, respectively. The conditional net income in these variants exceeded the control variant on 1574–2123 rubles/ha. Carbamide (urea) additional fertilizing was only effective for the variety sown after maize, where the productivity increase was 0.40 t/ha, but profitability (100%) and conditional net income (16 593 rubles/ha) were lower than with ammonium nitrate fertilizing by the scattering method in the spring (112% and 18 080 rubles/ha respectively).

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Effectiveness of winter wheat cultivation in adaptive crop rotation on chernozem typical

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20213201007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 01007

Author(s):

Ivan Prushchik ◽

Svetlana Khlupina

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Atmospheric Precipitation ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Farming System ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Net Income ◽

Typical Chernozem ◽

Wheat Cultivation

The paper presents the results of research to assess the efficiency of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation in adaptive crop rotations on typical chernozem. The crop yield have analyzed for three different crop rotations (grain-fallow, grain-grass-row, and grain-grass) in comparison with a monoculture on a stationary multifactorial field experiment on physical modeling of the farming system of the FSBSI “Kursk FARC” (Kursk region, Medvensky district). It was determined that the maximum yield was obtained in grain-and-row crop rotation; on average, over three years of research, the increase in it was 1.71 t/ha. Statistical data processing has carried out and correlations between the weather conditions of the year and the yield of winter wheat has revealed. Thus, a moderate direct relationship (r = 0.65) was established with atmospheric precipitation, and a moderate inverse relationship with the sum of effective temperatures (r = 0.58). Indicators of economic efficiency of winter wheat cultivation have calculated, both for monoculture and for three types of crop rotations. The lowest cost of winter wheat grain – 5926.94 t/ha – was recorded in grain-fallow crop rotation, which provided the highest net income of 12056.26 and the highest profitability among all options – 68.72%.

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