New and Simpler Cracking Test Method for Asphalt Mix Designs

2017 ◽  
Vol 2631 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soohyok Im ◽  
Fujie Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Cracking Resistance ◽  
Cracking Behavior ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Asphalt Mix

Because of environmental conservation and sustainability concerns, reclaimed asphalt pavements and recycled asphalt shingles are increasingly used in the asphalt paving industry to replace virgin asphalt and aggregate materials. However, these recycled materials are often highly aged and can cause cracking issues for asphalt pavements. Additionally, other factors such as binder additives, modifiers, and multiple warm-mix asphalt technologies can alter the performance of the mixtures both positively and negatively. The volumetric mix design alone is not sufficient for evaluating the potential cracking behavior of asphalt mixes. Although many cracking test methods are available, there is no widely accepted performance-related cracking test method that is practical enough for routine use in asphalt mix designs. This paper presents a newly developed, simple, and practical cracking test method for asphalt mix designs. The new cracking test method is repeatable, time- and cost-effective, easily implemented, sensitive to mix compositions, and well correlated to field performance. The new cracking test is performed at an intermediate temperature of 25°C and a loading rate of 50 mm/min. Furthermore, a unitless index is proposed as the cracking resistance indicator for evaluation of the cracking resistance of asphalt mixes. Additionally, the effectiveness of the new cracking test was validated with the test results from FHWA’s accelerated loading facility.

Validation of Performance-Based Specifications for Surface Asphalt Mixtures in Virginia

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110566
Author(s):  
Jhony Habbouche ◽  
Ilker Boz ◽  
Stacey D. Diefenderfer
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Performance Predictions ◽  
Asphalt Mix ◽  
Current Threshold ◽  
Test Threshold ◽  
Virginia Department ◽  
Threshold Criteria

The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT), like many owner agencies, is interested in ways to facilitate the increased durability of asphalt mixes in an effort to make its roadway network more sustainable, longer lasting, and more economical. The balanced mix design (BMD) method proposes to address this through the incorporation of performance criteria into mix design and acceptance. VDOT has committed to the implementation of the BMD method in an effort to improve asphalt mix performance. The purpose of this study was to continue advancing efforts toward implementation of BMD through the evaluation of 13 asphalt mixes using performance-indicating laboratory tests, validation of the initial performance tests selected for BMD use, and validation of the initial test threshold criteria. Based on the results, the asphalt pavement analyzer (APA) rut test, indirect tensile cracking test (IDT-CT), and Cantabro test were found suitable for continued use in BMD. The current threshold criteria for all three tests were found reasonable based on additional mix testing. The study recommends that APA rut test and IDT-CT results should be compared and correlated to fundamental rutting and cracking tests, respectively, as well as to performance predictions obtained from mechanistic-empirical pavement design simulations, and to field performance for full assurance that test threshold values are appropriate. It was further recommended to evaluate the Cantabro, IDT-CT, and APA rut tests to determine acceptable variability and establish precision statements.

Summary of the New Rutting Tests of China

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 905-909
Author(s):  
Hao Liu ◽  
Hong Xin Guan ◽  
Zeng Jie Luo
Keyword(s):  
Working Condition ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Simulation Test ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Development Direction

The asphalt pavement is the mainstream pavement structure of the expressway in our country. But it is investigated that rutting disease appeared even though the asphalt mixture was test qualified. With this instruction, the standard rutting test method has difficult in satisfying the complex working condition of asphalt pavement. In order to solve these, some new rutting test methods which are in accordance with privileged conditions have been proposed from theory and simulation test by many scholars’ deeper research, including lots of feasible methods. By summarized the new anti-rutting methods of asphalt pavements and described all kinds of basic principles and engineering applications, the deficiency of the new rutting test methods was pointed out and the development direction was proposed.

Development of Cost-Effective Restriping Strategies using Standard Width and Wide Waterborne Paints on Asphalt Pavements in Hot and Humid Climates

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110018
Author(s):  
Momen R. Mousa ◽  
Marwa Hassan ◽  
Paul Carlson ◽  
Jason Davis ◽  
Saleh R. Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Product Evaluation ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Southern States ◽  
Hot And Humid Climates ◽  
Decision Making Model

In Louisiana, most districts restripe their roadways using waterborne paints every other year; this strategy is questionable in relation to efficiency and economy. Previous studies show substantial variability in paint service life throughout the U.S.A., ranging between 0.25 and 6.2 years. Shortcomings in modeling the retroreflectivity of waterborne paints appear to significantly contribute to these variations as several studies predicted these values using degradation curves with a coefficient of determination (R2) as low as 0.1. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop new cost-effective restriping strategies using 4 in. and 6 in. wide waterborne paints (15 and 25 mils thickness) when applied on asphalt pavements in hot and humid climates. To achieve this objective, National Transportation Product Evaluation Program data were collected and analyzed to evaluate the field performance of waterborne paints commonly used in southern states of the U.S.A. and to develop a decision making model that may be used by transportation agencies to predict when to restripe their roadways. Results indicated that 4 in. wide standard paints exhibited service life up to four years depending on the line color, traffic and initial retroreflectivity, while 4 in. wide high build paints had a service life of at least three years. Based on a life-cycle cost analysis, it was concluded that Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development could restripe its district roads every three years instead of the current two-year period using the same product (4 in. or 6 in. wide) saving about $20 million or $2 million, respectively, every year when restriping a 5,000-mi network.

Effect of Increasing Sasobit on Permanent Deformation and Moisture Damage of Asphalt Mixes

2018 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazal Haq ◽  
Arshad Hussain ◽  
Kamran Mushtaq
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Network ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Asphalt Mix ◽  
The Impact

Transportation network plays a substantial role in the everyday life of social beings. The preservation of this vast infrastructure needs appropriate and cost-effective design techniques, which depends upon the selection and proportion of binder and aggregate. With the passage of time, as compared to HMA (Hot Mix Asphalt), WMA (Warm mix asphalt) has become extreme prevalent in the road construction industry, because WMA offers the opportunity of production asphalt mix at a reduced temperature than conventionally used for HMA, hence saving energy, cutting CO2 emission and improve environmental quality. This study aims to assess the impact of sasobit (an organic WMA additive) on permanent deformation and moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixes. Under the scope of this paper, the authors have added three percentages of sasobit that is 1%, 2% and 3% to check the effect of increasing sasobit percentage on rutting and moisture damage of asphalt mixes. In summary, rut depth of WMA as obtained from Hamburg Wheel Tracker Device (HWTD) slightly decreased from that of HMA, while rut depth at 1% and 2% was even less than that of 3% sasobit. A slight increase in moisture damage as compared to control mix was observed by adding sasobit, as illustrated by decreased Tensile Strength Ratios TSR.

An evaluation of ECT sample height for small flute board grades and Box Manufacturer’s Certification compliance

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
CORY JAY WILSON ◽  
BENJAMIN FRANK
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Sample Height ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Corrugated Fiberboard

TAPPI test T811 is the specified method to ascertain ECT relative to box manufacturer’s certification compliance of corrugated fiberboard under Rule 41/ Alternate Item 222. T811 test sample heights were derived from typical board constructions at the time of the test method’s initial development. New, smaller flute sizes have since been developed, and the use of lighter weight boards has become more common. The T811 test method includes sample specifications for typical A-flute, B-flute, and C-flute singlewall (and doublewall and triplewall) structures, but not for newer thinner E-flute or F-flute structures. This research explores the relationship of ECT sample height to measured compressive load, in an effort to determine valid E-flute and F-flute ECT sample heights for use with the T811 method. Through this process, it identifies challenges present in our use of current ECT test methods as a measure of intrinsic compressive strength for smaller flute structures. The data does not support the use of TAPPI T 811 for ECT measurement for E and F flute structures, and demonstrates inconsistencies with current height specifi-cations for some lightweight B flute.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Parameters Identification and Dynamic Model Validation of Interior-Mount Line-Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Machines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luqman S. Maraaba ◽  
Zakariya M. Al-Hamouz ◽  
Abdulaziz S. Milhem ◽  
Ssennoga Twaha
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Induction Machines ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors ◽  
Synchronous Motors

The application of line-start permanent magnet synchronous motors (LSPMSMs) is rapidly spreading due to their advantages of high efficiency, high operational power factor, being self-starting, rendering them as highly needed in many applications in recent years. Although there have been standard methods for the identification of parameters of synchronous and induction machines, most of them do not apply to LSPMSMs. This paper presents a study and analysis of different parameter identification methods for interior mount LSPMSM. Experimental tests have been performed in the laboratory on a 1-hp interior mount LSPMSM. The measurements have been validated by investigating the performance of the machine under different operating conditions using a developed qd0 mathematical model and an experimental setup. The dynamic and steady-state performance analyses have been performed using the determined parameters. It is found that the experimental results are close to the mathematical model results, confirming the accuracy of the studied test methods. Therefore, the output of this study will help in selecting the proper test method for LSPMSM.

scholarly journals Concept and Realization of a Novel Test Method Using a Dynamic Test Stand for Detecting Persons by Sensor Systems on Autonomous Agricultural Robotics

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2315
Author(s):  
Christian Meltebrink ◽  
Tom Ströer ◽  
Benjamin Wegmann ◽  
Cornelia Weltzien ◽  
Arno Ruckelshausen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Test ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Human Detection ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Functional Safety ◽  
Agricultural Robots ◽  
Agricultural Robotics

As an essential part for the development of autonomous agricultural robotics, the functional safety of autonomous agricultural machines is largely based on the functionality and robustness of non-contact sensor systems for human protection. This article presents a new step in the development of autonomous agricultural machine with a concept and the realization of a novel test method using a dynamic test stand on an agricultural farm in outdoor areas. With this test method, commercially available sensor systems are tested in a long-term test around the clock for 365 days a year and 24 h a day on a dynamic test stand in continuous outdoor use. A test over a longer period of time is needed to test as much as possible all occurring environmental conditions. This test is determined by the naturally occurring environmental conditions. This fact corresponds to the reality of unpredictable/determinable environmental conditions in the field and makes the test method and test stand so unique. The focus of the developed test methods is on creating own real environment detection areas (REDAs) for each sensor system, which can be used to compare and evaluate the autonomous human detection of the sensor systems for the functional safety of autonomous agricultural robots with a humanoid test target. Sensor manufacturers from industry and the automotive sector provide their sensor systems to have their sensors tested in cooperation with the TÜV.

scholarly journals Food Allergen Detection Methods: A Coordinated Approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1383-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip R Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Critical Control Point ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Monitoring And Surveillance ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Abstract The levels (1–2%) and increasing severity of allergic responses to food in the adult population are well documented, as is the phenomenon of even higher (3–8%) and apparently increasing incidence in children, albeit that susceptibility decreases with age. Problematic foods include peanut, milk, eggs, tree nuts, and sesame, but the list is growing as awareness continues to rise. The amounts of such foods that can cause allergic reactions is difficult to gauge; however, the general consensus is that ingestion of low parts per million is sufficient to cause severe reactions in badly affected individuals. Symptoms can rapidly—within minutes—progress from minor discomfort to severe, even life-threatening anaphylactic shock in those worst affected. Given the combination of high incidence of atopy, potential severity of response, and apparently widespread instances of “hidden” allergens in the food supply, it is not surprising that this issue is increasingly subject to legislative and regulatory scrutiny. In order to assist in the control of allergen levels in foods to acceptable levels, analysts require a combination of test methods, each designed to produce accurate, timely, and cost-effective analytical information. Such information contributes significantly to Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point programs to determine food manufacturers’ risk and improves the accuracy of monitoring and surveillance by food industry, commercial, and enforcement laboratories. Analysis thereby facilitates improvements in compliance with labeling laws with concomitant reductions in risks to atopic consumers. This article describes a combination of analytical approaches to fulfill the various needs of these 3 analytical communities.

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