scholarly journals Financial sustainability as a factor of forming fiscal space of local budgets

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
Taisiya H. Bondaruk ◽  
Igor S. Bondaruk ◽  
Maksym V. Dubyna
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Fiscal Space ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The purpose of the research is to deepen the theoretical foundations of financial stability as a factor in shaping the fiscal space of local budgets and substantiate the methodological tools for assessing the financial stability of local budgets of Ukraine in the medium and long term. Methods. The following research methods were used in analysing the problem: induction, deduction, system approach, statistical analysis, logical generalization, graphical method. Results. Fiscal extension gives the opportunities to local authorities to obtain and use extra budget resources for achieving the goal taking into account the restrictions caused by the necessity to maintain the financial sustainability in mid- and long-term periods. A methodological toolkit for assessing the financial sustainability of local budgets in mid- and long-term periods is proposed. The complex of arguments for the appropriate applying of the estimation of financial sustainability of local budgets in the national practice using the methodology of the European Commission in the mid-term period is given. It is substantiated that the development of strategic directions for ensuring the long-term financial sustainability of local budgets in Ukraine should take place with the use of foresight. It is substantiated that the fiscal space provides opportunities for local governments to obtain and use extra budgetary resources to achieve a certain goal, taking into account the constraints due to the need to maintain financial stability in the medium- and long-term periods.  Methodical tools for assessing the financial stability of local budgets in the medium- and long-term periods are proposed.  A set of arguments on the expediency of applying the methodology of the European Commission in the medium-term period in the native practice of calculating the financial stability of local budgets is presented.  It is substantiated that the development of strategic directions to ensure long-term financial stability of local budgets of Ukraine should take place using foresight. Practical meaning. The practical significance of the obtained results is in the possibility of using methodological tools to assess the effectiveness of local budget sustainability management by state and local authorities in developing and making management decisions to regulate the level of financial stability of local budgets. Prospects for further research. The formation of theoretical foundations of financial stability as a factor in the formation of the fiscal space of local budgets and substantiation of methodological tools for their assessment in the medium and long term periods confirms the need for further scientific substantiation of strategic directions of long-term financial stability of local budgets in Ukraine under the condition of decentralization.

Financial Sustainability and Infrastructure Finance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Carvalho de Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Infrastructure Finance ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Development Banks ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Capital Development

Among the lessons that can be drawn from the global financial crisis is that private financial institutions have failed to promote the capital development of the affected economies, and to dampen financial fragility. This chapter analyses the macroeconomic role that development banks can play in this context, not only providing long-term funding necessary to promote economic development, but also fostering financial stability. The chapter discusses, in particular, the need for public financial institutions to provide support for infrastructure and sustainable development projects. It concludes that development banks play a strategic role by funding infrastructure projects in particular, and outlines the lessons for enhancing their role as catalysts for mitigating risks associated with such projects.

scholarly journals Queensland Family Cohort: a study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e044463
Author(s):  
Danielle Borg ◽  
Kym Rae ◽  
Corrine Fiveash ◽  
Johanna Schagen ◽  
Janelle James-McAlpine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Future Health ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThe perinatal–postnatal family environment is associated with childhood outcomes including impacts on physical and mental health and educational attainment. Family longitudinal cohort studies collect in-depth data that can capture the influence of an era on family lifestyle, mental health, chronic disease, education and financial stability to enable identification of gaps in society and provide the evidence for changes in government in policy and practice.Methods and analysisThe Queensland Family Cohort (QFC) is a prospective, observational, longitudinal study that will recruit 12 500 pregnant families across the state of Queensland (QLD), Australia and intends to follow-up families and children for three decades. To identify the immediate and future health requirements of the QLD population; pregnant participants and their partners will be enrolled by 24 weeks of gestation and followed up at 24, 28 and 36 weeks of gestation, during delivery, on-ward, 6 weeks postpartum and then every 12 months where questionnaires, biological samples and physical measures will be collected from parents and children. To examine the impact of environmental exposures on families, data related to environmental pollution, household pollution and employment exposures will be linked to pregnancy and health outcomes. Where feasible, data linkage of state and federal government databases will be used to follow the participants long term. Biological samples will be stored long term for future discoveries of biomarkers of health and disease.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Mater Research Ethics (HREC/16/MHS/113). Findings will be reported to (1) QFC participating families; (2) funding bodies, institutes and hospitals supporting the QFC; (3) federal, state and local governments to inform policy; (4) presented at local, national and international conferences and (5) disseminated by peer-review publications.

It’s more than money: policy options to secure medical specialist workforce for regional centres

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer May ◽  
Judi Walker ◽  
Mathew McGrail ◽  
Fran Rolley
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Hub And Spoke ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
State And Local

Objectives Regional centres and their rural hinterlands support significant populations of non-metropolitan Australians. Despite their importance in the settlement hierarchy and the key medical services provided from these centres, little research has focused on their issues of workforce supply and long-term service requirements. In addition, they are a critical component of the recent growth of ‘regional’ hub-and-spoke specialist models of service delivery. Methods The present study interviewed 62 resident specialists in four regional centres, seeking to explore recruitment and retention factors important to their location decision making. The findings were used to develop a framework of possible evidence-informed policies. Results This article identifies key professional, social and locational factors, several of which are modifiable and amenable to policy redesign, including work variety, workplace culture, sense of community and spousal employment; these factors that can be targeted through initiatives in selection, training and incentives. Conclusions Commonwealth, state and local governments in collaboration with communities and specialist colleges can work synergistically, with a multiplicity of interdigitating strategies, to ensure a positive approach to the maintenance of a critical mass of long-term rural specialists. What is known about the topic? Rural origin increases likelihood of long-term retention to rural locations, with rural clinical school training associated with increased rural intent. Recruitment and retention policy has been directed at general practitioners in rural communities, with little focus on regional centres or medical specialists. What does this study add? Rural origin is associated with regional centre recruitment. Professional, social and locational factors are all moderately important in both recruitment and retention. Specialist medical training for regional centres ideally requires both generalist and subspecialist skills sets. Workforce policy needs to address modifiable factors with four groups, namely commonwealth and state governments, specialist medical colleges and local communities, all needing to align their activities for achievement of long-term medical workforce outcomes. What are the implications for practitioners? Modifiable factors affecting recruitment and retention must be addressed to support specialist models of care in regional centres. Modifiable factors relate to maintenance of a critical mass of practitioners, training a fit-for-purpose workforce and coordinated effort between stakeholders. Although remuneration is important, the decision to stay relates primarily to non-financial factors.

Sustainability Management and Local Governments

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio De Matteis ◽  
Daniela Preite
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Sustainability Management

After highlighting the breadth and complexity of the concept of sustainability and highlighting the role of local authorities in sustainable development, this chapter aims to interpret how sustainability management can consider the concept of financial sustainability in the context of local governments. It does this through the following specific objectives: 1) defining financial sustainability, considering it not only autonomously, but in an integrated manner with respect to the typical sustainability dimensions (environmental, social, and economic) that are usually involved in the local authorities activity; 2) proposing the main stages of the sustainability cycle in the local authorities to highlight the key moments and the role of financial sustainability; 3) analyzing some aspects of financial indicators as tools for measuring the financial side of the sustainability profile of a local government. In order to reach the aim of the chapter, the research methodology followed is the literature review.

Intergovernmental Relations and Energy Policy: What We Know and What We Still Need to Learn

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Luke Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Energy Policy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
National State ◽  
State And Local

Although energy has become a key political issue in recent decades, a comprehensive national policy is lacking, and state and local governments are playing increasingly important and diverse roles. This essay reviews what we know about intergovernmental relations in energy policy, including overlaps between national, state, and local authorities; the character of intergovernmental interactions; and interstate variations. In sum, this essay illustrates why intergovernmental issues in energy policies are an interesting and important area of inquiry, reviews current scholarship in key areas, and suggests possible future avenues for research on this topic.

A politico-economic perspective on financial sustainability

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilman Slembeck ◽  
Armin Jans ◽  
Thomas Leu
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Time Inconsistency ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Problem Of Time ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Maastricht Criteria ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Large Primary

Financial sustainability requires governments to run sufficiently large primary surpluses going forward to cover the cost of servicing its debt budgets to balance in the long run. In democracies, politicians who strive for reelection often tend to systematically violate this tenet. This paper discusses two types of “anchors” that may be used to cope with this problem by limiting the room for new and excessive public debt. First, we analyze national constitutional safeguards on the basis of the “debt brake” in Switzerland and Germany. Second, we discuss international institutions to maintain financial discipline, referring to the Maastricht-criteria. These anchors are designed to allow policymakers to commit to policies that provide long term financial stability and sustainability of public finances. However, as the recent crises have shown, the problem of time inconsistency in policy making remains, especially when anchors are weak. Therefore, the paper discusses the circumstances under which institutional anchors may help to restrict politician behavior to promote sustainability of public finances. We conclude by indentifying three conditions required for the proper functioning of collective anchors in the context of public finances.

scholarly journals Using Place-Based Jobs Policies to Help Distressed Communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-127
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Bartik
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Job Training ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Local Labor Markets ◽  
Equity And Efficiency ◽  
Employment Rates ◽  
State And Local

Place-based jobs policies seek to create jobs in particular local labor markets. Such policies include business incentives provided by state and local governments, which cost almost $50 billion annually. The most persuasive rationale for these policies is that they can advance equity and efficiency by increasing long-term employment rates in distressed local labor markets. However, current incentives are not targeted at distressed areas. Furthermore, incentives have high costs per job created. Lower costs can be achieved by public services to business, such as manufacturing extension, customized job training, and infrastructure. Reforms to place-based jobs policies should focus on greater targeting of distressed areas and using more cost-effective policies. Such reforms could be achieved by state and local governments acting in their residents’ interests or could be encouraged by federal interventions to cap incentives and provide aid to distressed areas.

Using National Financial Incentives to Build Local Resiliency: The U.S. Disaster Mitigation Act

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. Topping ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Federal Grants ◽  
Local Resilience ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. Congress passed the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) which requires adoption of multihazard mitigation plans as a precondition of local government eligibility for federal pre-disaster and postdisaster hazard mitigation grants. Its underlying purpose was to encourage local governments to systematically plan for reducing risks and future disaster losses before requesting federal grants to execute hazard mitigation projects. This paper examines the DMA 2000 legislation, its purposes, and the responses to it by state and local governments. Among other things the paper: 1) describes DMA 2000 statutory requirements, 2) assesses overall participation by region, 3) uses the State of California as a case study to examines hazard mitigation plan compliance issues, and 4) explores long-term implications of this broad national effort to use financial incentives to increase local resilience. By early 2009, 18,783 locally adopted hazard mitigation plans had been approved by FEMA. Although community resilience outcomes cannot be truly assessed without further research, the magnitude of this response implies substantial long-term local capacity building benefits within the U.S. This experience should also be the subject of comparative research regarding parallel efforts elsewhere.

Approaches to Determining the Financial Sustainability of the Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Рашад Ибрагимов ◽  
Rashad Ibragimov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Regional Authorities

The article examines the approaches to determining the financial stability of the region, which reveals the main essence of financial stability. Guided by the experience of leading researchers, the key determinations of financial sustainability and their factors based on which it is possible to prevent its crisis situations are explored. The article describes the methods of the system approach to the definition of financial stability, which reveal the signs of financial stability. The main groups of factors that affect the financial stability of the region are identified. Based on the conducted research, qualitative and quantitative parameters of financial stability factors that determine the sustainable development of the financial system are revealed. The results of the research have a practical value of research, which in the long term can be used by regional authorities to develop a strategy for sustainable development of the regional economy.

scholarly journals Fee for issuing alcoholic beverages for sale in the municipalities of the Kielce poviat

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Joanna Rogalska
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Local Government Finance ◽  
Urban Rural

Purpose of the study: The aim of the article is an analysis of revenues for fees for permits for the sale of alcoholic beverages in the own income of municipalities of the Kielce poviat in 2018-2020. It is to enable the answer to be given about the role of the fee for issuing a permit for the sale of alcohol in the incomes of municipalities' own. Methodology: The work was based on the analysis of RB 27S reports on the implementation of the budget income plan of the surveyed municipalities, analysis of internal materials of these units, normative acts and the Local Data Bank Main findings: The data presented in the paper shows that the share of revenues from fees for the permit to sell alcohol in own income does not exceed 1.7% and has a downward trend. However, the actual revenue from the levy shows slight fluctuations over the period considered. Moreover, it does not matter whether we are dealing with a rural or an urban-rural commune. Application of the study: The following study concerns an important aspect of financing the activities of municipalities. Taxes and fees are the most important revenues in budgets. Each decision of the local government authorities has an impact on the level of income. It may lead to a lack of funds for the implementation of own tasks. The year 2021 may be interesting in terms of income from the fee under study due to the possibility of applying a fee exemption or postponing its payment resulting from the provisions of the Act of March 2, 2020 on special solutions related to the prevention, prevention and combating of COVID-19, other infectious diseases and the resulting crises. It is not an easy decision, because such action reduces the revenues to the commune's budget. Due to the fact that for the implementation of tasks for which the funds from the fee were provided, it will have to be financed with other income. Originality/Novelty of the study: The importance of the financial stability of local government units is an extremely important topic. Topics related to budget planning are essential for the long-term balancing of the demand for funds reported by local governments in relation to the efficiency of funds left at the disposal of local authorities. As a consequence, the subject of the study was the analysis of the dynamics and structure of local authorities' income from the point of view of the selected source of income. The article can inspire further research in the field of local government finance and contribute to other interesting scientific studies.

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