INFLUENCE OF HEAVY METALS ON ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM AND BIOCHEMICAL INDEXES IN RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Kalinin ◽  
◽  
V. A. Tomchuk ◽  
V. A. Gryshchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Intact Group ◽  
Heavy Metal Intoxication ◽  
Intact Rats

The study was undertaken to examine the effect of heavy metals on antioxidant system and biochemical indexes in the organism of rats. The influence of heavy metals on indexes The influence of heavy metals on the indicators of the antioxidant system (activity of the antioxidant system enzymes – glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) and the processes of lipid peroxidation (content of hydroperoxides and products of thiobarbituric acid) was determined. It is established, that the antioxidant system functions more intensively in blood and liver of rats under the action of heavy metals. The study of enzyme activity showed the activation of the latter under conditions of heavy metal intoxication in 1.5–2.0 times (depending on heavy metal) compared with the control. We found that blood levels of total and direct bilirubin, creatinine, and urea increased in intoxicated rats from all experimental groups compared with intact animals. However, a decrease in the content of albumin, total protein, cholesterol, and triglycerides was also found in all experimental groups, in comparison with intact rats. Under the action of heavy metals, the activity of total α-amylase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glucose concentration increases in blood of rats. According to the results of studies in intoxicated animals compared with the intact group, there was a change in the cation-anion pool, in particular, a tendency to decrease the content of sodium and inorganic phosphorus and increase chlorides, magnesium, calcium, and potassium.

Effect of Vitamin E and Selenium (Se) Supplementation on Biochemical Parameters and Expression of Metallothionein (MT-2) in Heavy Metals Exposed Buffaloes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himalaya Bhardwaj ◽  
Chanchal Singh ◽  
Shashi Nayyar ◽  
Sandeep Sodhi ◽  
Rajesh Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Plasma Vitamin

Background: Farm animals may serve as bio-indicators of environmental pollution. Environmental heavy metals may disrupt the normal physiological and biochemical profile of the animals. The present study was planned to reduce the stress caused by heavy metal pollution by oral feeding of vitamin E and Selenium in heavy metals exposed buffaloes.Methods: Twenty buffaloes were selected on the basis of blood levels of heavy metals and divided into exposed and non-exposed groups. Exposed animals (n=10) were orally supplemented with 20 ml/day of Cargill E care Se® containing vitamin E, 100mg/ml and Se 0.5mg/ml for 30 days. Antioxidants, biochemical parameters and the expression of metallothionein-2 were analyzed after supplementation on 0, 15 and 30 days.Result: The levels of heavy metal were found to be elevated even after 30 days of supplementation. No significant alterations were observed in activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) after 30 days of supplementation. There was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher activity of blood glutathione and plasma Vitamin E. In supplemented group, plasma glucose, total cholesterol, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and total Immunoglobulin were found to be significantly reduced in supplemented group. Expression of metal binding protein, metallothionein-2 was found to be elevated in exposed animals despite supplementation with Vitamin E and Se for 30 days.

Renal Na-Si cotransporter NaSi-1 is inhibited by heavy metals

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (2) ◽  
pp. F283-F289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Markovich ◽  
David Knight
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Michaelis Constant ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Heavy Metal Intoxication ◽  
Inorganic Sulfate ◽  
Renal Brush Border

Heavy metal intoxication leads to a number of reabsorptive and secretory defects in renal transport systems. We have studied the effects of several heavy metals on the expression of the renal Na-Si cotransporter NaSi-1. NaSi-1 cRNA was injected into Xenopusoocytes, and Na-Si cotransport activity was measured in the presence of mercury, lead, cadmium, or chromium. Mercury strongly inhibited NaSi-1 transport irreversibly by reducing both maximal velocity ( V max) and Michaelis constant ( K m) for inorganic sulfate (Si). Lead inhibited NaSi-1 transport reversibly by decreasing V max but not K m for Si. Cadmium showed weak reversible inhibition of NaSi-1 transport by decreasing only NaSi-1 V max. Chromium strongly inhibited NaSi-1 cotransport reversibly by reducing K m for Si by sevenfold, most probably by binding to the Si site, due to the strong structural similarity between the C[Formula: see text] and[Formula: see text] substrates. In conclusion, this study presents an initial report demonstrating heavy metals inhibit renal brush border Na-Sicotransport via the NaSi-1 protein through various mechanisms and that this blockade may be responsible for sulfaturia following heavy metal intoxication.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PEPTIDES ON ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM ENZYMES IN RATS WITH HEAVY METALS, PHOSPHOORGANIC PESTICIDES INTOXICATION

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye. B. Dmukhalska ◽  
Ya. I. Honskyi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Antioxidant Protection

The aim of this work was to examine the effect of heavy metal ions and phosphororganic pestecies which contain glyphosate on activity antioxidative enzymes in the serum and liver of rats. The effect of peptide tsysteil-histidiltyrosilhistidil-isoleucine on the state of antioxidant protection (superoxide dismutase, catalase) and lipid peroxidation was reached. The peptide exhibits antioxidant activity, the correction of the peptide increases antioxidant enzymes activity and concentration of glutathione.

X-Ray Spectroscopic Localization of Selenium in Four Patients Having Heavy Metal Intoxication

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 326-327
Author(s):  
James T. McMahon ◽  
Raymond R. Tubbs ◽  
Wilma F. Bergfeld
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Immune Complex ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Heavy Metal Intoxication

Biopsies of four patients having various exposures to heavy metals were examined using SEM, TEM and X-ray microanalysis. Two patients having industrial exposure to inorganic mercury developed immune complex glomerulonephritis with a membranous distribution of IgG and C3. Within the proximal tubules of each patient were finely granular electron dense phagolysosomes. X-ray spectroscopic analysis of these inclusions demonstrated spectra characteristic of mercury and selenium.

scholarly journals Antioxidant system of rats with heavy metals and phospoorganic pesticides intoxication and peptides applying

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye. B. Dmukhalska ◽  
Ya. I. Honsky
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
The State ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Free Radical Processes ◽  
Radical Processes

<p>The effect of peptide tsysteil-histidil-tyrosil-histidil-isoleucine on the state of antioxidant protection (superoxide<br />dismutase, catalase) and lipid peroxidation has been reached. The peptide exhibits antioxidant activity, the correction<br />of the peptide reduces free radical processes and decreases the products of lipid peroxidation and increases<br />antioxidant enzymes activity.</p>

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Levels in Adolescent and Maternal Blood: Association with Risk of Hypospadias

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tusha Sharma ◽  
Basu Dev Banerjee ◽  
Chandra Shekhar Yadav ◽  
Piyush Gupta ◽  
Sunil Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Background. Hypospadias is a part of testicular digenesis syndrome (TDS) which includes infertility, cryptorchidism, and spermatogenesis. Heavy metals act as endocrine disrupting compounds. Heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, arsenic, and lead have been associated with male infertility, cryptorchidism, spermatogenesis, cancer, reproductive disorder, and neurological disorder. However, it remains an important issue to corroborate or refute the hypothesis that the role of heavy metals in male reproductive tract disorders. Hence, the present study was designed to investigate the possible association of heavy metal and risk of hypospadias by estimating the blood heavy metal levels. Methods. In this case control study, 50 hypospadias boys diagnosed and confirmed by a pediatric urologist and 50 randomly selected age-matched (1–5 years) healthy control boys not suffering from any clinically detectible illness and their mothers have been included and heavy metal levels in the blood of these subjects have been estimated by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Result. Significantly high levels of cadmium and lead have been observed in hypospadias cases; however, all heavy metal levels were present in higher concentration. Conclusion. Higher blood levels of cadmium and lead may be associated with the increased risk of hypospadias.

scholarly journals Antioxidant System and Biomolecules Alteration in Pisum sativum under Heavy Metal Stress and Possible Alleviation by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser El-Amier ◽  
Khalid Elhindi ◽  
Salah El-Hendawy ◽  
Sarah Al-Rashed ◽  
Ahmed Abd-ElGawad
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Oxidized Glutathione

Environmental pollution is the most serious problem that affects crop productivity worldwide. Pisum sativum is a leguminous plant that is cultivated on a large scale in the Nile Delta of Egypt as a winter crop, and many of the cultivated fields irrigated with drainage water that contained many pollutants including heavy metals. The present research aimed to investigate the impact of Cd and Ni on the biochemical and physiological processes in P. sativum and evaluate the potential alleviation of their toxicity by 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). Seedlings of P. sativum were grown in Hoagland solution treated with CdCl2 or NiCl2 for 72 h in the growth chamber. Hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione, proline, phenolics, antioxidant enzymes, as well as Cd and Ni concentrations were measured at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 h. An experiment of alleviation was conducted where ALA was added to the growth solution at a concentration of 200 µM coupled with 100 µM of either CdCl2 or NiCl2. Hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione, proline, and phenolics were induced due to the toxicity of Cd and Ni. The activities of antioxidant enzymes [NADH-oxidase (EC: 1.6.3.1), ascorbate peroxidase (EC: 1.11.1.11), glutathione reductase (EC: 1.6.4.2), superoxide dismutase (EC: 1.15.1.1), and catalase (EC: 1.11.1.6)] were induced under the treatments of both metals. On the other hand, the soluble protein decreased gradually depending upon the time of exposure to the heavy metals. The concentration of Cd and Ni in the leaves treated plants increased in time of exposure dependent manner, while their contents remained within the acceptable limits. The addition of ALA decreased the oxidative stress in treated P. sativum plants. The results revealed the significance of using ALA in the cultivation of P. sativum might improve its tolerance against heavy metal stress.

Corrective infl uence of dihydroquercetin on oxidative metabolism state in drivers of Northern region

2019 ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
V. I. Korchin ◽  
T. Ya. Korchina
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

Professional drivers during their work are constantly subjected to toxic influence of chemical elements in automobile exhaust gases that cause excessive accumulation of lipid peroxidation products. The study covered 182 male inhabitants (aged 32,6±6,2 years) of Hanty-Mansiysk autonomous district: 94 drivers and 88 clerks. The drivers, when compared to the clerks, demonstrated reliably higher values of lipid peroxidation: lipids hydroperoxide (p = 0.026), active derivatives of thiobarbituric acid (p = 0.003), coefficient of oxidative stress (p = 0.002) with lower parameters of antioxidant system: general antioxidant activity (p<0.001), thiolic state (p = 0.002). After 3 months of correction by means of natural antioxidant dihydroquercetin (75 mg daily), the drivers demonstrated not only statistically significant decrease of lipid peroxidation parameters: lipids hydroperoxide, coefficient of oxidative stress (p = 0.007) and increased values of antioxidant system: general antioxidant activity (p = 0.003), thiolic state (p = 0.05), but also considerable improvement of general state and performance.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Intoxication: A Key-Player in Chronic Kidney Disease (A Review)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Onengiyeofori Ibama
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Heavy Metal Intoxication

Heavy metals gain entry into biological systems mainly via inhalation and ingestion, and also via radiation or radio-therapeutic measures. The accumulation of these heavy metals in biological systems overtime may cause several deleterious health challenges such as liver, kidney and brain damages amongst others. Intoxication with heavy metals may either be acute or chronic, and because the kidney has the ability to reabsorb and accumulate divalent metals, it happens to be the primary target organ for heavy metal toxicity, inducing renal damage. The extent of this damage depends on the dose, nature, route and duration of exposure to the metal. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a permanent loss of nephrons accompanied by an eventual decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR); this (to a greater extent) maybe due to heavy metal intoxication and the renal reabsorption of these heavy metals. Although 70 percent of the heavy metals are reabsorbed in the proximal tubule, all segments of the nephrons are involved in the reabsorption of these metals, where several transporters such as the Divalent Metal Transporter (DMT)-1, Na+/amino acid co-transporter, Zinc Transporter (ZnT)-1 and stretch-activated cation channels (SAC) facilitate the reabsorption. In the nephrons of each kidney, heavy metals are primarily reabsorbed via the apical membrane and accumulate at the basolateral membrane; these heavy metals do not readily exit the basolateral membrane, which overtime may result in chronic inflammation of the nephrons, fibrosis and kidney failure. However, the loss of nephrons and decline in GFR in CKD are compensated by certain changes (glomerular and cellular, enhanced renal blood flow, enhanced single nephron glomerular filtration rate and tubular hypertrophy) in the remaining functional nephrons. These changes help to deliver solutes to the remaining functional nephrons for uptake by the epithelial cells of the renal tubules. Also, because the luminal and basolateral surfaces of tubular epithelial cells of the remaining healthy nephrons are also potentially exposed to higher levels of metabolic wastes, xenobiotics, heavy metals and other nephrotoxicants, renal injury, tubular or glomerulosclerosis, and death of these nephrons occur. These compensatory changes become insufficient once about 75 percent of the nephrons are no longer functional and incapable of maintaining homeostasis and renal function. This results in the accumulation of metabolic wastes in the blood, and induction of metabolic disturbances and/or organ intoxication.

Heavy metals inhibit Pi-induced currents through human brush-border NaPi-3 cotransporter in Xenopus oocytes

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (4) ◽  
pp. F926-F930 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Wagner ◽  
S. Waldegger ◽  
H. Osswald ◽  
J. Biber ◽  
H. Murer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Xenopus Oocytes ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Apparent Affinity ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Apparent Concentration ◽  
Induced Currents ◽  
Heavy Metal Intoxication

Heavy metal intoxication with Hg2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ commonly leads to phosphaturia. In this study, we examined the effects of these heavy metals on Pi-induced currents (Ip) through NaPi-3, the human renal cotransporter for Na+ and Pi. Hg2+ inhibited Ip in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Hg2+ decreased the extrapolated maximal current but did not alter the apparent affinity for Pi. This inhibition was also observed with the membrane-permeable oxidizing agent 2,2'-dithio-bis(5-nitropyridine) (DTNP) but not with the membrane-impermeable 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid). Hg(2+)- and DTNP-mediated inhibition of Ip was reversible only in the presence of the reducing agent 2,3-dihydroxybutane-1,4-dithiol. Cd2+ and Pb2+ also inhibited Ip. However, while CD2+ did not significantly alter the apparent affinity for Pi, the apparent concentration needed for half-maximal current (Km) for Pi was increased by Pb2+. In contrast to Hg2+, the inhibition of Ip by Cd2+ and Pb2+ was rapidly reversible upon washout. In the presence of the Na(+)-K(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase inhibitor ouabain, Ip was not reduced, and the effects of the heavy metals were maintained. In summary, the three heavy metals Hg2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ inhibit Ip through the Na+/Pi cotransporter NaPi-3 by distinct mechanisms. Heavy metal-mediated inhibition of NaPi-3 may be responsible for the phosphaturia observed after intoxication with these compounds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document