scholarly journals PROTECTION OF RED BLOOD CELLS DURING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
V. І. Cherniy ◽  
L. O. Sobanska ◽  
N. V. Shestak
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Preoperative Stage ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane Permeability

Aim. This study was aimed at developing biocompatibility of extracorporeal components due to the use of «adaptation composition» (AdC), reducing the negative impact of perfusion on the state of red blood cell due to the use of fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) to decrease intraoperative hemolysis and tissue hypoxia. Material and methods. The study included 225 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The first group included patients who underwent surgery with the treatment of an extracorporeal circuit by AdC, the second group included patients who were administered the drug with the active substance FDP, the third group was the control group. The oxygenator was treated with AdC and PDF was administrated according to the protocol. Patient blood was sampling for complete blood cell count (CBC) and blood smears were at 4 stages of surgery: before CPB, at 10 min. CPB-time, at 60 min. CPB-time (rewarming stage) and after separation from CPB. Several parameters were studied: plasma free hemoglobin (plfHb), the erythrocytes osmotic, mechanical resistance of erythrocytes, erythrocyte membrane permeability (EMP), acid hemolysis, the blood smears were stained according to Pappenheim. Results. The best erythrocyte indices, hemolysis, osmotic, mechanical, acid, urea resistance of erythrocytes were observed in the groups where fructose-1,6-diphosphate and «adaptation composition» were used. At the preoperative stage, hypophosphatemia was detected in 16.8% out of 225 patients and 26.6% out of 225 patients have a clear tendency to ones. After CPB, there was no hypophosphatemia in the group where fructose-1,6-diphosphate was administered. The higher peripheralization of reticulocytes, echinocytes, and spherocytes was observed in the control group after perfusion. Conclusion. The use of AdC and FDP during CPB helps to reduce hemolysis and the better state of erythrocytes. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can negatively affect the state of red blood cell. The effect of fructose-1,6-diphosphate and «adaptation composition» on the state of erythrocytes during perfusion was studied.

scholarly journals Influence of alfalfa protein concentrate dietary supplementation on blood parameters of growing-finishing pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pietrzak ◽  
Eugeniusz R. Grela
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Large White ◽  
Blood Indices

AbstractThe aim of the study was to analyse the effect of the feed additive alfalfa protein concentrate (APC), on pig health. The trial involved 40 crossbred gilts and 40 crossbred castrates (Polish Landrace × Polish Large White) × Duroc of 29.0 ± 0.5 kg initial body weight. Allocation of experimental animals was into four treatment groups: the control group (C) was fed standard mixtures, without APC addition; group E-15 was fed a basal diet supplemented with 1.5% APC; and groups E-30 and E-30P were fed diets with 3.0% APC inclusion. There were two feeding systems. In the first system, animals of groups C, E-15, and E-30 were fed continuously with suitable mixtures. The second feeding system was used in group E-30P where animals received the experimental or control mixture alternating at two-week intervals. The addition of APC supplement to diets significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) red blood cell indices, i.e. haematocrit (Ht), red blood cell count (RBC), and haemoglobin concentration (Hb) in growing and finishing periods. The analysis of enzyme activity demonstrated a markedly higher activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and especially alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the blood plasma of pigs fed APC supplement. This increase may indicate a negative impact of APC on the animal’s liver. A positive effect of dietary APC on blood lipid parameters was associated with a decreased level of total cholesterol and reduced low-density lipoprotein fraction. Analysis of the haematological and biochemical blood indices demonstrated that APC additive may affect animal health.

scholarly journals The effect of thyroid hormone deficiency on erythropoiesis in dogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Aniołek
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Experimental Group

This research aimed to evaluate the effect of thyroid hormone deficiency on the erythrocytic system in dogs. Dogs with clinical symptoms of hypothyreosis such as obesity, hyperpigmentation, and lethargy were selected. The dogs demonstrating breed predisposition to hypothyreosis were incorporated in the analysis: Dachshunds, Retrievers, and mixed-breed dogs. A detailed history was taken and clinical, hormonal, biochemical and haematological blood tests were performed. Peripheral blood samples were taken from 53 dogs. Finally, the dogs with the initial T4 (thyroxine) concentration < 1.3 µg/dl and animals demonstrating clinical improvement after a 2-month therapy with levothyroxine at a dose of 10 µg/kg administeredper ostwo times a day were qualified. The animals between 10 months to 13 years of age were divided into two groups: clinically healthy (control group, n = 35) and dogs presenting clinical symptoms of hypothyreosis (experimental group, n = 18). In this research, the broadly described normocytic normochromic non-regenerative anaemia was not diagnosed in dogs with hypothyreosis. However, a positive correlation between T4 and red blood cell indices such as the average mass of haemoglobin per red blood cell, concentration of haemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells as well as a negative correlation with haematocrit value was discovered in the experimental group after the 2-month therapy with levothyroxine. These results point to the influence of thyroid hormones on erythropoiesis. This observation is partially consistent with other studies, which noted the casual link between the changes in red blood cell system and the function of thyroid in dogs and humans.

scholarly journals Сосудистая проницаемость и микрогемореология при системной склеродермии: возможности метода конъюнктивальной микроскопии

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Vascular Permeability ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Red Blood Cell Aggregation ◽  
Blood Cell Aggregation

In this article, the authors draw attention of readers to the capabilities of the conjunctival microscopy (CM) the method for studying the processes of vascular permeability and microhemorheology in patients with systemic sclerosis (SS). An original simultaneous examination of 48 patients with SS (mean age 51±1,7 years) and a comparable age group (4,74±2,3 years) of the control group of people without any diseases that might affect microcirculation (MC) by the CM-method was performed. The results demonstrated high informativeness of the CM-method in the diagnostics and assessment of vascular permeability and intravascular red blood cell aggregation (RBCA) in SS. The main changes in MC during SS revealed by the CM-method are the increase in vascular permeability and enhancement of RBCA in all types of microvessels. Key words: vascular permeability, intravascular red blood cell aggregation, conjunctival microscopy, systemic sclerosis.

METHOD OF ERYTHROCYTE PROTECTION IN URGENT CARDIAC SURGERY

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Volodymyr І. Cherniy ◽  
Lada O. Sobanska
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extracorporeal Circuit ◽  
Free Hemoglobin ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane Permeability

Aim: The use of a simple, safe and convenient method of treatment extracorporeal circuit with «adaptation composition » (AdC) for the reduction of negative impact on the state of erythrocytes and tissue hypoxia. Material and methods: The research included 150 patients. They were divided into two groups. The first group included patients who underwent surgery with the treatment of an extracorporeal circuit by AdC, the second group was the control group. Сomplete blood count parameters, plasma free hemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte mechanical and osmotic resistance, erythrocyte membrane permeability and acid hemolysis were studied. Results: Use of AdC prevents adsorption the blood cells on the surface of the extracorporeal circuit and protects the erythrocytes during cardiopulmonary bypass in urgent cardiac surgery. Conclusions: The treatment of oxygenator with AdC reduces the negative influence СРВ on state of RBC. Membranes of erythrocytes were more resistant to traumatic factors in the group with AdC.

Trillium™ Biopassive Surface: A New Biocompatible Treatment for Extracorporeal Circulation Circuits

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cazzaniga ◽  
M. Ranucci ◽  
G. Isgrò ◽  
G. Soro ◽  
D. De Benedetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Leukocyte Activation ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Protamine Administration

139 patients undergoing cardiac surgery were included in a prospective, randomized trial. Patients were randomly allocated to receive cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with Trillium™ Biopassive Surface (TBS Group) coated oxygenators or conventional circuits (control group). 112 patients were studied with respect to postoperative biochemical profile; a subgroup of 27 patients was studied with respect to perioperative complement (C3a) activation. Patients in the TBS group demonstrated a significantly lower white blood cell count at the end of the operation (p=0.036) and a significantly higher platelet count the day after the operation (p=0.023) when compared to the control group. C3a was significantly higher (p=0.02) in the TBS group after 30 minutes of CPB, but the C3a increase after protamine administration was significantly less pronounced in the TBS group vs. the control group. Further studies involving platelet and leukocyte activation are required to better elucidate the action of this new coating in the setting of routine CPB.

Indicator Characterizing Carbonyl-Dependent Modification of Erythrocytic Superoxydismutase as a Biochemical Marker of Oxidative Stress in Coronary Heart Disease

Kardiologiia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
A. K. Tikhaze ◽  
V. Ya. Kosach ◽  
V. Z. Lankin ◽  
A. A. Panferova ◽  
M. D. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Stress Marker

Aim To study the oxidative modification of red blood cell Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in vivo and in vitro to substantiate the use of a new oxidative stress marker.Material and methods Red blood cell Cu,Zn SOD was measured by depression of nitrotetrazolium blue reduction by the superoxide anion generated in xanthine oxidase xanthine oxidation. Red blood cell Cu,Zn SOD was measured immunochemically. The biochemical study was performed in the control group (patients with low extremity fracture without known history of cardiovascular diseases and hyperlipidemia) and in groups of patients with acute myocardial infarction, stable angina, and decompensated heart failure. For evaluation of oxidative stress intensity in IHD patients, an empirical SOD oxidative modification coefficient (OMCSOD) was proposed, which is a Cu,Zn SOD activity / Cu,Zn SOD content ratio.Results The red blood cell Cu,Zn SOD activity was significantly decreased in all IHD groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, OMCSOD was also considerably decreased in IHD patients, which warrants the use of this biochemical index as an oxidative stress marker.Conclusion It was shown that the Cu,Zn SOD modification was induced by interaction of the enzyme molecules with a natural dicarbonyl, malonic dialdehyde, and OMCSOD can be used for evaluation of oxidative stress intensity in IHD patients.

scholarly journals RhD Immunization Despite Adequate Immunoprophylaxis: Role of Fc Gamma Receptor Gene Polymorphisms

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 759-759
Author(s):  
Tamara C Stegmann ◽  
Sietse Q Nagelkerke ◽  
Dian van Winkelhorst ◽  
Taco W Kuijpers ◽  
Gestur Vidarsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Caesarian Section ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Introduction: One of the most effective immunological interventions in clinical medicine is the prevention of hemolytic disease of the newborn by prophylactic Rh immune globulin (Rh-Ig) therapy. The administration of ante- and postnatal Rh-Ig has reduced the risk of RhD immunization in the Netherlands from 17% to a mere 0.31%, yet its mechanism of action is still unknown. To gain more insight into the possible working mechanism of the Rh-Ig prophylaxis we analyzed potential risk factors and genotyped all known IgG-Fc receptor (protein FcγR, gene FCGR) variants known to date, on a cohort of Dutch women who failed Rh-Ig prophylaxis and developed anti-D antibodies. Adequate Rh-Ig immunoprophylaxis was defined as an antenatal and postnatal prophylaxis of 1,000 IU (200 µg) in both current and previous pregnancies, according to the Dutch guidelines. Material and Methods: Between 1999 and 2013 we identified 274 women who produced anti-D antibodies. Through a structured questionnaire we collected information about Rh-Ig prophylaxis and additional clinical data for potential risk factors. In 122 cases, adequate Rh-Ig prophylaxis was given, and clinical risk factors for fetal maternal hemorrhage (FMH) could be collected. Their clinical circumstances were compared to a control group of 339 randomly selected pregnant women. The Rh-Ig therapy failure of 57 of those women could not be explained through our risk factor analysis. From these 57 cases, DNA was obtained, and used for the FcγR-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay, identifying both single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variations in the FCGR locus. The results were compared to a control group of 200 healthy donors. Results: A history of red blood cell transfusion (p=0.05) and caesarean section (p<0.0001) were identified to be independent risk factors for RhD immunization. All other described risk factors for FMH such as miscarriage, termination of pregnancy, or invasive diagnostic procedures, requiring an additional Rh-Ig dose according to the guidelines, were not found to increase the risk of immunoprophylaxis failure. RhD-immunization due to caesarian section or red blood cell transfusion accounted for 53% of our cohort, suggesting an alternative explanation for the production of Rh-Ig alloantibodies in the remaining 47% of the cases - despite adequate amount of prophylaxis given in current and previous pregnancies. We therefore postulate the existence of a genetic variation that puts women at increased risk for RhD immunization during pregnancy. To test this hypothesis we analyzed the genetic variation in the FCGR locus and found a significantly (p=0.02) increased prevalence of the FCGR2 -ORF, expressing a functional copy of the activating FcγRIIc, which is otherwise a pseudogene. Strikingly, the prevalence of the 2B.4-promotor haplotype of the FCGR2B gene, associated with a 1.5 fold increase of the inhibitory FcγRIIb, was strongly (p=0.0001) increased. Conclusion: Caesarian section and red blood cell transfusion are risk factors that increase RhD immunization during pregnancies, accounting for about half failed Rh-Ig prophylactic cases. Genetic variation in the FCGR-gene might be a possible explanation for increased immunization risk. In our cohort we encountered a significantly increased frequency of individuals expressing FcγRIIc, along with a polymorphism encoding for a higher expression of the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIb, suggesting these genes to influence immune responses to RBC in a manner previously unrecognized. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE NATURE OF THE MICROCIRCULATORY RESPONSE TO EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL INJURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
А.К. Martusevich ◽  
◽  
А.А. Yepishkina ◽  
L.R. Dilenyan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Main Group ◽  
The State ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thermal Burn ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry

Burn disease affects the functioning of almost all functional systems, having a negative effect on them due to the development of endotoxicosis and vascular disorders. At the same time, the greatest attention is paid to the shifts that form in the systemic hemodynamics, primarily in the coronary and pulmonary blood flow, which can cause the development and progression of life-threatening conditions. At the same time, the microcirculatory system is also undergoing changes, but these changes have been studied in much less detail. The aim of this research was to study the state of skin microcirculation in healthy and burned rats. The experiment was carried out on 20 adult male Wistar rats divided into two equal groups. The first group of animals (n=10) was a control group (intact), with its representatives there were not any manipulations, except for a single study of the state of microcirculation. Rats of the second (main) group (n=10) were simulated contact thermal burn using their own patented method. The assessment of microcirculation parameters in the main group of animals was carried out by laser Doppler flowmetry on the device "LAKK-M" on the 1st day (2-3 hours after the injury), on the third and tenth days after the burn period. It was found that thermal injury has a negative impact on the microcirculation system, which is seen in a decrease in the intensity of blood flow through small-diameter vessels. This is achieved by reflex vasospasm, reducing the release of nitrogen oxide by endothelial cells and activating precapillary sphincters, and simultaneously activating the shunting ways of cardiac shunt from the arterial directly to the venous channel, bypassing the capillaries. Thus, in the post-thermal period, a compensatory "robbing phenomenon" is realized in the border zone of the burn, which requires pathogenetic correction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document