Indicator Characterizing Carbonyl-Dependent Modification of Erythrocytic Superoxydismutase as a Biochemical Marker of Oxidative Stress in Coronary Heart Disease

Kardiologiia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
A. K. Tikhaze ◽  
V. Ya. Kosach ◽  
V. Z. Lankin ◽  
A. A. Panferova ◽  
M. D. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Stress Marker

Aim To study the oxidative modification of red blood cell Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in vivo and in vitro to substantiate the use of a new oxidative stress marker.Material and methods Red blood cell Cu,Zn SOD was measured by depression of nitrotetrazolium blue reduction by the superoxide anion generated in xanthine oxidase xanthine oxidation. Red blood cell Cu,Zn SOD was measured immunochemically. The biochemical study was performed in the control group (patients with low extremity fracture without known history of cardiovascular diseases and hyperlipidemia) and in groups of patients with acute myocardial infarction, stable angina, and decompensated heart failure. For evaluation of oxidative stress intensity in IHD patients, an empirical SOD oxidative modification coefficient (OMCSOD) was proposed, which is a Cu,Zn SOD activity / Cu,Zn SOD content ratio.Results The red blood cell Cu,Zn SOD activity was significantly decreased in all IHD groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, OMCSOD was also considerably decreased in IHD patients, which warrants the use of this biochemical index as an oxidative stress marker.Conclusion It was shown that the Cu,Zn SOD modification was induced by interaction of the enzyme molecules with a natural dicarbonyl, malonic dialdehyde, and OMCSOD can be used for evaluation of oxidative stress intensity in IHD patients.

scholarly journals Paraoxonase and Arylesterase Activities, Lipid Profile, and Oxidative Damage in Experimental Ischemic Colitis Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethem Unal ◽  
Cengiz Eris ◽  
Bülent Kaya ◽  
Hafize Uzun ◽  
Faruk Cavdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Ischemic Colitis ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Marker ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Colitis Model

Objective. In the present study, since PON1 is known as an HDL-associated antioxidant enzyme that inhibits the oxidative modification of LDL and oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of mesenteric ischemia, we investigated the changes in PON1 activity and lipid profile in an experimental ischemic colitis model.Methods. Forty male Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups: the control group (N=15) and the experimental group (N=25). All animals were anesthetized with ether and ketamine anesthesia to undergo a midline laparotomy. Ischemic colitis was induced by marginal vessel ligation in the splenic flexura (devascularization process). A sham laparotomy was performed in the control group. All animals were sacrificed on the seventh postoperative day. Oxidative stress marker (malonyldialdehyde, MDA), lipid profile, and paraoxonase (PON-1) and arylesterase activities were determined. Histopathological evaluation was done under light microscopy, after sectioning and staining with hematoxyline and eosin. Statistical analysis was conducted using Student’st-test and Mann-WhitneyUtest, andP<0.05was considered as statistically significant.Results. There was a significant decrease in both serum and tissue PON1 activity in ischemic colitis group (P<0.01, for each). Similarly, arylesterase levels showed a parallel decrease in both tissue and serum of the experimental group (P<0.01andP<0.001, retrospectively). MDA, an oxidative stress marker, was seen to increase in the experimental group (P<0.01, tissue;P<0.05, serum). In experimental group, there was a significant rise in serum total cholesterol and LDL levels (P<0.001, for each). However, HDL level decreased significantly (P<0.001). Triglycerides did not show any change between the groups (P>0.05).Conclusions. PON1 and arylesterase play an important role in the pathophysiology of ischemic colitis.

scholarly journals Study of pro-oxidant status in acute myocardial infarction

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Tanushri Khatua ◽  
Chandan Sarkar ◽  
Sujit Kumar Dey ◽  
Biswajit Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Stress Marker ◽  
Oxidant Status

Background: Apart from several well documented risk factors; oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction. Our study has been designed to investigate the pro-oxidant status in AMI patients who have no previous history of diabetes, hypertension and habit of smoking.Aims and Objectives: To measure the level of serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) to assess the extent of oxidative damage in recently diagnosed cases of AMI and to look for any correlation between this stress marker and some of the lipid profile markers.Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital with 50 non-diabetic, non-hypertensive, non-smoker AMI patients of either sex as Cases and 50 age and sex matched healthy Controls. The biochemical parameters were measured by validated techniques.Results: Level of serum TBARS (4.78 ± 1.06 nmol/ml) has significantly increased (p<0.001) in cases with respect to control group(2.19±0.41 nmol/ml); a positive correlation between serum TBARS and LDL; a negative correlation between serum TBARS and HDL in cases.Conclusion: Our study indicates an increased oxidative stress in AMI patients even in absence of some high risk factors which are oxidative stress inducers by themselves. This evidence suggests that oxidative stress itself may play an important role in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction. So, the oxidative stress marker may have the importance in early diagnosis of AMI. It also suggests the potential appropriateness of antioxidant therapy in the prevention of AMI.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(4) 2018 31-34

scholarly journals A Novel Oxidative Stress Mediator in Acute Appendicitis: Thiol/Disulphide Homeostasis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sefa Ozyazici ◽  
Faruk Karateke ◽  
Umit Turan ◽  
Adnan Kuvvetli ◽  
Huseyin Kilavuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Total Thiol ◽  
Stress Marker ◽  
Stress Mediator

Aim. To investigate the role of a novel oxidative stress marker, thiol/disulphide homeostasis, in patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis (AA).Methods. In this study, seventy-one (43 male and 28 female) patients diagnosed with AA and 71 (30 male and 41 female) healthy volunteers were included. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), haemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell (WBC), c-reactive protein (CRP), and thiol/disulphide homeostasis parameters (native thiol, total thiol, disulphide, disulphide/native thiol, native thiol/total thiol, and disulphide/total thiol ratios) were compared between the groups. Thiol/disulphide homeostasis was determined by a newly developed method by Erel and Neselioglu.Results. The native thiol, total thiol, and the native thiol/total thiol ratio levels were statistically significantly decreased in the AA compared with the control group (p<0.001). Disulphide level and the ratios of disulphide/native thiol and disulphide/total thiol were higher in the AA group than in the control group (p<0.001). There was a negative correlation of CRP with native thiol, total thiol, and native thiol/total thiol ratio while there was a positive correlation of CRP with disulphide/native thiol and disulphide/total thiol in the AA group. In the stepwise regression model, risk factors as disulphide/native thiol (OR = 1.368;p=0.018) and CRP (OR = 1.635;p=0.003) were determined as predictors of perforated appendicitis compared to the nonperforated group.Conclusion. This is the first study examining the thiol/disulphide homeostasis as a diagnostic aid in AA and establishing thiol/disulphide homeostatis balance shifted towards the disulphide formation due to thiol oxidation. Further studies are needed to optimize the use of this novel oxidative stress marker in AA.

scholarly journals Thymoquinone Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Swiss Albino Mice by Modulating Oxidative Damage and Cellular Inflammation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Firoz Alam ◽  
Gyas Khan ◽  
Mohammed M. Safhi ◽  
Saeed Alshahrani ◽  
Rahimullah Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Stress Marker ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Thymoquinone is the active constituent ofNigella sativa, having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. In present study, we have analyzed the effects of thymoquinone on doxorubicin (DOX) induced cardiotoxicity in mice. In this experiment, thirty mice (25–35 gm) were divided into five groups (Groups A, B, C, D, and E) each containing six animals. Normal saline was given to a control group (Group A) for 14 days. Cardiotoxicity was induced by DOX (15 mg/kg, i.p.) in Group B, once on the 13th day of the study, and Groups C and D also received DOX (15 mg/kg, i.p.) and were then treated with thymoquinone (10 and 20 mg/kg, b/w, p.o.), respectively, for 14 days. Group E was given only thymoquione (20 mg/kg b/w, p.o.). A blood serum marker (AST, ALT, CK-MB, and LDH) and oxidative stress marker (LPO, GSH, CAT, SOD, GPx, GR, and GST) were evaluated. Results revealed that serum enzyme marker like aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine kinase-MB (CKMB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly elevated in Group B as compare to Group A. Similarly, the oxidative stress marker lipid peroxidation (LPO) was also elevated in Group B while the antioxidant enzyme catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathioneS-transferase (CAT, SOD, GPx, GR, and GST) were also decreased in Group B. The treatment with thymoquinone 10 and 20 mg/kg resulted in a significant decrease in the serum marker and increase in the antioxidant enzymes. In this study, we have found that thymoquinone prevented DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by accelerating heart antioxidant defense mechanisms and down regulating the LPO levels towards normalcy in Groups C and D. The effect of doxorubicin increases the inflammatory cytokine (IL2) in Group B as compared to Group A, and it overcomes by the thymoquinone in Groups C and D. Thus, thymoquinone may have utility as a potential drug for cardiomyopathy.

In vivo Antioxidant Related Effect of Orally Administered Aqueous Extract of Saliva triloba in Human Volunteers

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Nessrin G. Alabdallat
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Sod Activity

Saliva triloba, belongs to the Lamiaceae family, is one in all the vital medicinal plant species. This work aims to study the antioxidant-related effects of trilobite saliva in the human body through in vivo studies and the effects on liver, kidney, and heart function tests. For five days, nine healthy participants consumed 250 mL of trilobite saliva extract orally. On the fifth day, blood samples were taken one hour before and after the first dosage of water extract (samples I and II, respectively), and again one day after the last dose (ie, day 6, sample III). Before the first dosage, the first blood sample was taken (ie sample I) was used as a control for the subsequent II and III samples. Subsequent determinations were performed: serum total antioxidant status (TAS), red blood cell reduced glutathione (GSH), red blood cell superoxide dismutation (SOD) A activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), and serum-selected biochemical tests. After 5 days of oral administration of trilobite saliva extract in healthy volunteers, serum TAS, erythrocyte GSH and erythrocyte SOD activity were significantly increased, and had no influence on serum biochemical examinations of kidney, liver, heart, pancreas, etc., contrasted with zero-time management. In Conclusion, salivary clover extract has effective anti-oxidation related effects in vivo. Because these findings were obtained in healthy people without oxidative stress, it means that clover saliva will enhance the bottom line of the defense system against probable oxidative stress while having no adverse effects, decreasing or avoiding pathological diseases associated with oxidative stress

scholarly journals Pathological mechanism of hidden blood loss after TKA: oxidative stress induced by free fatty acids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Yuan ◽  
Xin Yu ◽  
Hong Qian ◽  
Jia Meng ◽  
Hui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hidden Blood Loss ◽  
Pathological Mechanism ◽  
Total Knee

Abstract Objective: To study the correlation between high-level free fat acids（FFA）and red blood cell (RBC) injury and to explore the pathological mechanism of hidden blood loss (HBL) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods: Perioperative blood indexes were tested in 120 patients underwent unilateral total knee replacement for end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Venous blood samples were collected before operation and 24h, 48h, 72h and 120 h after operations. The changes of FFA, hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cell number in the blood samples were detected by automatic hematology analyzer. The activity of glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in the blood were measured. Measurement of reactive oxygen species（ROS）was performed by flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the morphological changes of RBC were analyzed under microscope. Results: Significant hidden blood loss was observed for all patients. The Hb content, RBC and hematocrit（Hct）decreased significantly 24 h after surgery (P <0.05)，while FFA concentration was significantly increased and heteromorphic red blood cells appeared under the microscope. The hemoglobin content decreased to the lowest level at 48 h after the operation (P < 0.01). The change of HBL was the most significant according to the Gross equation with the levels of FFA and ROS in the blood increased significantly and reached the peak at 48 h after operation (P <0.01). Meanwhile, GSH-PX activity, T-SOD activity and H2O2 levels significantly decreased compared with preoperative tested samples (P <0.01). Microscopically, erythrocyte atypia increased significantly with cellular rupture and necrosis identified. After 72 h of operation, ROS concentration began to decline along with FFA concentration. However, the Hb and RBC began to rise. Also, GSH-Px activity, T-SOD activity and H2O2 levels increased as well. All tested parameters tended to return to normal levels five days after surgery.Conclusion: High levels of FFA in blood can induce oxidative stress and damage RBCs, which in turns causes HBL after surgery.

Trace elements as an oxidative stress marker in women with gestational diabetes and their neonates

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Boutzios ◽  
Eleni Koukoulioti ◽  
Ioannis Papoutsis ◽  
Sotirios Athanaselis ◽  
Gerasimos Tsourouflis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Stress Marker

Oxidative Stress Status in Patients with Choledocholithiasis: Before and After Endoscopic Sphincterotomy and Biliary Clearance

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2172-2176
Author(s):  
Catalin Victor Sfarti ◽  
Alin Ciobica ◽  
Carol Stanciu ◽  
Gheorghe G. Balan ◽  
Irina Garleanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endoscopic Sphincterotomy ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameter ◽  
Extrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Biliary Clearance ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status ◽  
Before And After

Choledocholithiasis may cause biliary obstruction which leads to hepatocellular injury. Oxidative stress has been proposed as a possible mechanism involved in this disorder. This study evaluates the oxidative stress burden in patients with choledocholithiasis and secondary cholestasis, before and after endoscopic sphincterotomy. Experimental part: Patients diagnosed with choledocholithiasis and secondary extrahepatic cholestasis were included in the study between January 1st 2016 and October 31st 2016. In all patients oxidative stress markers were collected within 2 hours before and 48 hours after therapeutic ERCP. Selected markers were superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The results were compared to those from a group of 40 healthy subjects. Significantly lower concentrations of SOD (p = 0.03) and GPX (p [ 0.0001) activities, associated with an increased level of MDA level (p [ 0.0001) were shown in patients before biliary clearance compared with the healthy control group. After ERCP the only oxidative stress parameter which showed improvement was the SOD specific activity (p = 0.037). This study shows that extrahepatic cholestasis secondary to choledocholithiasis is associated with increased oxidative stress status. After biliary clearance one oxidative stress marker was significantly improved (SOD), suggesting a possible antioxidant effect of such procedure.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of Lactobacillus plantarum NJAU-01 in an animal model of aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Ge ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Donglei Jiang ◽  
Hai Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Sterile Saline

Abstract Background Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause serious damage to the human body and may cause various chronic diseases. Studies have found that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have antioxidant and anti-aging effects, and are important resources for the development of microbial antioxidants. This paper was to explore the potential role of an antioxidant strain, Lactobacillus plantarum NJAU-01 screened from traditional dry-cured meat product Jinhua Ham in regulating D-galactose-induced subacute senescence of mice. A total of 48 specific pathogen free Kun Ming mice (SPF KM mice) were randomly allocated into 6 groups: control group with sterile saline injection, aging group with subcutaneously injection of D-galactose, treatments groups with injection of D-galactose and intragastric administration of 107, 108, and 109 CFU/mL L. plantarum NJAU-01, and positive control group with injection of D-galactose and intragastric administration of 1 mg/mL Vitamin C. Results The results showed that the treatment group of L. plantarum NJAU-01 at 109 CFU/mL showed higher total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the antioxidant enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) than those of the other groups in serum, heart and liver. In contrast, the content of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) showed lower levels than the other groups (P < 0.05). The antioxidant capacity was improved with the supplement of the increasing concentration of L. plantarum NJAU-01. Conclusions Thus, this study demonstrates that L. plantarum NJAU-01 can alleviate oxidative stress by increasing the activities of enzymes involved in oxidation resistance and decreasing level of lipid oxidation in mice.

scholarly journals Neurological Alterations and Testicular Damages in Aging Induced by D-Galactose and Neuro and Testicular Protective Effects of Combinations of Chitosan Nanoparticles, Resveratrol and Quercetin in Male Mice

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Reham Z. Hamza ◽  
Mohammad S. Al-Harbi ◽  
Munirah A. Al-Hazaa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neurological Alterations

Aging is a neurological disease that is afforded by incidence of oxidative stress. Chitosan has received global interests due to its wide medical uses. Quercetin (Q) is a bioflavonoid and widely distributed in vegetables and fruits. Resveratrol is considered as a potent antioxidant and is a component of a wide range of foods. The using of either chitosan nanopartciles (CH-NPs), querectin (Q), and resveratrol (RV) to reduce the oxidative stress and biochemical alterations on brain and testicular tissues induced by D-galactose (DG) (100 mg/Kg) were the aim of the present study. This study investigated the probable protective effects of CH-NPs in two doses (140,280 mg/Kg), Q (20 mg/Kg) and RV (20 mg/Kg), against DG induced aging and neurological alterations. Brain antioxidant capacity as malonaldehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GRx), as well as histopathological damages of the brain and testicular tissues were measured. The DG treated group had significantly elevated the oxidative stress markers by 96% and 91.4% in brain and testicular tissues respectively and lower significantly the antioxidant enzyme activities of both brain and testicular tissues than those of the control group by 86.95%, 69.27%, 83.07%, and 69.43%. Groups of DG that treated with a combination of CH-NPs in two doses, Q and RV, the levels of oxidative stress marker declined significantly by 68.70%, 76.64% in brain tissues and by 74.07% and 76.61% in testicular tissues, and the enzymatic antioxidants increased significantly by 75.55%, 79.24%, 62.32%, and 61.97% as compared to the DG group. The present results indicate that CH-NPs, Q, and RV have protective effects against DG-induced brain and testis tissue damage at the biochemical and histopathological levels. Mechanisms of this protective effect of used compounds against neurological and testicular toxicity may be due to the enhanced brain and testis antioxidant capacities.

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