scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF THE CONDITIONS OF FUNCTIONING OF THE SUBJECTS OF PRE- ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE EAEU

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1(82)) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
T. Kuzmina ◽  
N. Savina
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Member States ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The formation of a favorable business environment for the development of small and medium-sized businesses is an urgent problem for all member states of the Eurasian Union. In order to assess the efforts of the governments of the EAEU member states in creating favorable conditions for doing business, based on an in-depth analysis of changes in the position of the EAEU member states in the global Doing Business index, a factor analysis of business conditions was performed; common indicators for countries that slow down the creation of a favorable business environment in the Eurasian Union were identified, including: low level of financial support for SMEs, high interest rates on loans, excessive tax and administrative burden on business entities, as well as the lack of cooperative ties between SMEs and large businesses.

CURRENT SITUATION OF SMALL BUSINESS FINANCIAL AND CREDIT SUPPORT IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Shafranova ◽  
L Kazheva
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Single Tax ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Business Entities

Keywords: small business, financial support, self-financing, government financing, bank lending The purpose of the study is to investigate the problems and find ways to improve the efficiency of financial support for small business in today's business environment. Research results. Summarizing the research findings, it can be stated that small business is characterized by a lack of sufficient financial resources, which is facilitated by a variety of reasons: insufficient level of profit, lack of knowledge and ability to make depreciation, insufficient level of own savings and funds formed. All this necessitates the development of a broad network of financial and credit support for small businesses. Particularly urgent is the issue of lending to small businesses in rural areas, the vast majority of which are limited in lending opportunities, characterized by low competitiveness and lack of qualifications for obtaining a loan. Not every small business is able to pay high enough interest rates. Thus, the high cost of lending makes banking resources for small businesses unprofitable. A major problem for most small businesses is securing a loan, that is, a security deposit. Public financial support for the creation and development of small businesses is not yet effective enough. Its improvement requires the solution of three key problems: the creation of an extensive network of small cooperative banks specializing in lending to small businesses; expanding the base of lending to small business entities and reducing interest rates on loans; intensification of cooperation with foreign financial institutions operating in the field of small business. Due to unfounded tax reform, the fiscal burden on small businesses has increased, and relations with the fiscal authorities have remained unsettled. Due to the limitation of the possibility to include in the expenses of the taxpayer the sums paid or accrued in favor of the individual - the payer of a single tax for the services rendered by that person, the delivered goods, works performed, thousands of natural persons-payers of a single tax - are left to attribute to the costs without the market of their sales. goods and services and are forced to close their businesses. Non-banking financial institutions play a significant role in lending to small businesses. The formation of non-banking institutions at the regional level should have high-quality organizational support, which requires the interaction of local governments, financial institutions and business entities. Therefore, creating an effective support system for small businesses, including close interaction between banking institutions and the non-banking financial sector, credit unions, insurance funds, leasing, venture capital firms, creates the basis for flexible credit policies, effective financing for small businesses. Addressing the range of problems associated with the financial support of small businesses will significantly increase the role of this important segment of the economy in deepening rural market relations. Conclusions. Therefore, the structure of financial support for small business development is suboptimal: self-financing is the preferred form of financing, while the sources involved must ensure the effective development of small business. Conducting active economic reforms, stable political situation will contribute to stabilization and further growth of the economy, which in turn will expand sources of financing, increase the effectiveness of financial support, activate the development of small business as a whole.

scholarly journals Lithuania’s Competitiveness: Myths, Realities and Perspectives

Ekonomika ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jekaterina Rojaka
Keyword(s):  
International Comparisons ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
National Programs ◽  
Individual Economy

In recent years, the concept of national competitiveness and favourable business environment is broadly associated with economic development. The countries are increasingly paying attention to their competitiveness on global markets by promoting national programs and founding institutions aimed at tackling competitiveness issues. A number of leading international organizations, research institutes and business entities carry out global comparative studies on nation’s competitiveness. However, the global competitiveness ranking results are often inconsistent with economic trends. This raises a question whether the international competitiveness ran kings provide a proper guidance for an individual economy in improving the business environment. The paper aims at revealing the factors behind the discrepancies in evaluating a national competitiveness by international institutions and national agents. The analysis is based on the datasets of two influential publications - Doing Business (the World Bank) and Global Competitiveness Report (World Economic Forum). The study was enriched by a questionnaire, specially tailored to assess the most problematic issues in measuring the business and investment environment. The research has shown that the international comparisons only partially correspond to the national perception of competitiveness. The paper also addresses policy insights for enhancing Lithuania’s competitiveness.

scholarly journals BARRIERS IN FINANCING MICROENTERPRISES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CZECH AND SLOVAK MICROENTREPRENEURS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Civelek ◽  
Aleksandr Ključnikov ◽  
Peter Krištofík ◽  
Zoltán Rozsa
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Ease Of Doing Business ◽  
Ease Of Access ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation Index ◽  
Rejection Rates

This paper compares how Czech and Slovak microentrepreneurs perceive the volume and ease of access to finance that they face. Having an adequate number of sources of finance and easier access to them can help improve both enterprise and country performance. Chi-square and Z score tests for population proportions were used to test hypotheses. 740 microenterprises from Czech Republic and 287 microenterprises from Slovakia were included for the analyses that were performed by this study. The results show that Czech microentrepreneurs feel they have more sources of finance and have easier access to them than their Slovak counterparts. These differences may in part be linked to other factors such as the experience and age of microentrepreneurs and micro-firms, amount of business loans and microfinancing organizations, credit interest rates and credit rejection rates, the relative degree of economic freedom, the volume of government guarantees, relative GDP levels, the quality of business environment and ease of doing business. Additionally, The Moran’s I spatial autocorrelation index was performed to evaluate influence of location on the perception of Czech and Slovak microenterprises that were located in different regions of both countries. The paper also discusses the results’ policy implications for governments and financial institutions.

scholarly journals REFLECTION OF CHANGES IN THE TAX SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN IN THE WORLD BANK’S «DOING BUSINESS» RATING

Globus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1(58)) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
Bobomurod Nizamov
Keyword(s):  
Business Environment ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Specific Signal ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Small And Medium Business

The author of the article noted that in recent years, with the aim of creating relaxation for business entities, the base of many normative legal acts has been regulated, measures are being taken to create a favorable business environment and a positive influence of country on the international arena. The “Doing Business” rating is a rating that reflects the level of ease of doing small and medium business in the country. In turn, this rating is an international rating, which serves as a reflection of our work in this area and a specific signal for foreign investors.

scholarly journals Internet use and its importance in Kosovo

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Hysni Terziu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
New Jobs

The Internet as a communication medium, with its possibilities and its rapid development, revolutionized the way of doing business, so much so that it pushed a large number of economists to declare that, in the coming years of doing business through information technology, will be one of the most preferred opportunities for businesses and consumers across the globe. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the opportunities that businesses have to influence the economic development in the Republic of Kosovo, through their ability to generate new jobs, increase exports, and contribute to improving the living standards of the citizens of the Republic of Kosovo. Kosovo, using the Internet, as a contemporary and competitive form of business development. In order to realize such an environment, of course we have to consider two main issues, one to recognize and identify the problems that business has and another issue, how much human and material capacity Kosovo has, to provide a favorable environment. doing business online. The study realizes the first issue, which means that, in a scanned way, we tell the decision-making institutions that here are the administrative barriers that concern the business, here are the obstacles that unfairly tire the business, etc. The second issue should be asked by the relevant institutions and it should be noted that, if we want a success and sustainable economic development, then Kosovo should also provide an attractive business environment by applying the Internet.We conclude that favorable conditions must be created for the development of business and the Internet, in order for it to be efficient and sustainable, which is a necessary precondition for achieving the main goals of a sustainable economy, which contributes to the generation of countries. new jobs, improving the welfare and living standards of citizens in the Republic of Kosovo.

scholarly journals Administrative Barriers to the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in the Republic of Mordovia: Materials of Practical Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
M. V. Bikeeva ◽  
V. A. Inshakov ◽  
I. M. Fadeeva
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The Republic

Purpose of the study. Small and medium enterprises in foreign countries provide about 50% of GDP and almost 60% of industrial employment. In terms of its role in the economy, entrepreneurship in Russia is inferior to many countries, including the United States, Ireland, Japan, Italy, etc. The main priorities for the development of the sphere of entrepreneurship in Russia include improving the conditions for doing business, simplifying tax reporting, access to concessional financing, and improving the procurement system and others. Among the negative aspects of state regulation that hinder the development of small and medium-sized businesses, administrative barriers can be singled out. According to experts, due to the presence of excessive administrative barriers, the size of the country's "frozen" potential for economic growth is 5-7%. In this regard, there is a need for a statistical assessment of the conditions for doing business at the regional level for the subsequent determination of directions for increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the activities of state (municipal) authorities and identifying reserves for improving the business environment.Materials and methods. As an information base for the study, we used the data of the Federal State Statistics Service for 2019, as well as the results of monitoring the conditions for the activities of small and medium-sized businesses in the region, conducted by the State Treasury Institution of the Republic of Mordovia "Scientific Center for Socio-Economic Monitoring". The empirical research base included quantitative data from mass representative surveys of the business community for the period from 2014 to 2019. In addition to surveys of representatives of the business community, expert surveys were conducted, the selection of which was carried out on the basis of the experience of entrepreneurship and their belonging to formalized regional structures of entrepreneurs. The number of experts participating in the study ranged from 40 to 50 people.Results. As of January 1, 2019, there were 2,659.9 thousand small enterprises operating in the Russian Federation. Per 10,000 people, with an average of 156 in the Volga Federal District, the highest indicator was recorded in the Samara region (216 small enterprises), the lowest – in the Republic of Mordovia (86 small enterprises). The study demonstrates a steady decline in the scale of economic activity and the number of small and medium-sized businesses in the Republic of Mordovia. The study confirmed the existence of administrative barriers to entrepreneurial activity in the region, which are manifested both at the initial stage of doing business and during long-term conduct. Within the framework of the study, proposals were formulated to reduce administrative barriers and create a favorable business environment. In the current socio-economic situation, the main measures to support entrepreneurship are to reduce tax rates and introduce a preferential tax system. Support measures that are significant for business are also a decrease in interest rates, an increase in the availability of credit, the provision of incentives for energy resources, and control over the pricing policy of services of natural monopolies. Along with institutional measures, it is necessary to disseminate various forms of entrepreneurship training and mentoring, which are widespread in foreign practice.

scholarly journals Evaluation of economic potential of business environment development by comparing sector differences: perspective of SMEs in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Belas ◽  
Beata Gavurova ◽  
Martin Cepel ◽  
Matus Kubak
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
The Given

Research background: Improving business conditions and SME development are signs of a country’s macroeconomic stability. The issue of identifying and removing barriers to the development of firms in the SME segment is a priority in all countries with developed economies and its importance is currently increasing. Purpose of the article: The main aim of this paper is to explore possible differences in entrepreneurs’ perception of the business environment based on the industry in which the company operates. The analysis contains also a national view, where a comparison between the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic is performed. Methods: Correspondence analysis was used to achieve the research objectives in order to examine the relations between the categorical variables. Its application is beneficial in cases where the graphic output is clearer than the numerical one. Findings & Value added: The presented research makes it possible to identify problematic aspects of doing business in each sector and to create support mechanisms for the creation of effective structural policies. Entrepreneurs from the Czech Republic’s Production and Transport sectors agree with the statement that the business environment in the country is suitable for starting a business. As for business environment’s suitability for doing business, neither Slovak nor Czech entrepreneurs sector-wide agreed with the given statement. Czech entrepreneurs from the Services, Trade and Construction sectors, respectively, agree, fully agree with the statement that the business environment in the country is reasonably risky and allows for doing business. In the case of entrepreneurs from Slovakia, no significant correspondence is observed. Findings regarding the statement that the business conditions in the country have improved over the past five years are the following: In the Czech Republic, there is a perfect correspondence of the Transport sector and the agreement with the given statement. In the Slovak Republic, agreement was found with the given statement in the Transport sector and neutral position in the Production sector.

scholarly journals Strategy of Internationalization by Ukrainian Meat Producers’ Implementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Alona Tanasiichuk ◽  
Olha Hromova ◽  
Anastasiia Abdullaieva ◽  
Yulia Holovchuk ◽  
Kateryna Sokoliuk
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Scientific and methodical approaches to the definition of international markets for implementation of the strategy of internationalization by Ukrainian meat producers' have been developed, choosing strategy of internationalization by Ukrainian meat producers procedure has been determined, a system of indicators has been developed to assess the marketing appeal of new international markets for Ukrainian meat producers. According to the analysis of practical aspects results of the agrarian enterprise and its associations functioning, a scientific and methodical approach to the integrated assessment of the business environment of international markets attractiveness’ for Ukrainian meat producers by the product group "0207 Poultry Meat" was developed. The proposed approach is based on applying summing up the ranks to rank foreign markets according to the system of dynamic indicators method, which allowed determining the marketing attractiveness of the new international markets for the activity of Ukrainian meat producers in these markets. As a result of the proposed approach application, foreign markets have been identified that demonstrate favorable conditions for doing business with Ukrainian meat producers. It has been proved that the markets of Denmark and Finland have demonstrated favorable conditions for doing business with them, which testifies that internationalization of Ukrainian meat producers’ strategy should be aimed at the formation of future outlines of new markets in the direction which is beneficial to them. Keywords: international business activities, internationalization strategies, attractiveness of international markets marketing, a system of indicators for assessing the marketing attractiveness of new international markets.

scholarly journals Analysis of Methodological Approaches Towards Assessing Conditions of International Commodity Markets Convergence

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Alona Tanasiichuk ◽  
Olha Hromova ◽  
Oksana Yaremenko ◽  
Svitlana Kovalchuk ◽  
Svitlana Sirenko
Keyword(s):  
Systems Analysis ◽  
International Diversification ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Product Group ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Favorable Conditions

To analyze different methodological approaches to determining the marketing attractiveness of international markets and their convergence assessing.  Develop an indicators system for assessing the convergence of international markets to determine their marketing attractiveness for domestic agricultural enterprises. The international markets have been rated on the basis of summing the ranks of indicators of attractiveness method of their business environment for Ukrainian farmers by the product group «1008 Buckwheat, millet and other cereals» in order to identify more favorable conditions for doing business. The application of this approach allowed to develop a target portfolio for further targeting the implementation of the internationalization strategy by domestic producers of the product group «1008 Buckwheat, millet and other cereals». The methodological basis of the study are general and special research methods: epistemological and systems analysis - in the study of «economic convergence» definition; systems theory and systems analysis - to analyze of process determining the marketing attractiveness of international markets and assessing their convergence; statistical analysis, synthesis and comparison ‒ to identify trends in the entry of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine to international markets; comprehensive assessment of the convergence of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine under the conditions of international diversification. It has been proved that in the expert assessment of convergence indicators the markets of foreign countries, the indicators of which are as close as possible to the economy of Ukraine, should be singled out. It has been determined that the markets of Austria and Nigeria are promising for domestic agricultural enterprises, producers of the commodity group «1008 Buckwheat, millet and other cereals», with the possibility of overcoming a significant gap in certain indicators, namely: the market of Austria, Nigeria where there is low quality regulation and also unfavorable investment conditions. The scientific and methodological approach to the complex assessment of the convergence of new international markets for domestic agricultural enterprises under the conditions of international diversification has been substantiated and developed. The result of the evaluation allowed to come up to the conclusions about the marketing opportunities of domestic agricultural enterprises under the conditions of entering the markets of these countries. As a result of the proposed approach, it is possible to identify foreign markets that demonstrate favorable conditions for doing business in them, which indicates the presence of convergent conditions, which is a prerequisite for the entry of goods of domestic agricultural enterprises in the markets of these countries. As a result of the proposed approaches, there were identified new international markets, that demonstrated favorable conditions for doing business in them by domestic agricultural enterprises producing the product group «1008 Buckwheat, millet and other cereals». It has beed developed in the study a target portfolio for further targeting the strategy implementation of internationalization domestic producers of the product group «1008 Buckwheat, millet and other cereals».

Embeddedness and entrepreneurial traditions

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elo ◽  
Leo-Paul Dana
Keyword(s):  
Social Ties ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Original Culture ◽  
New Locations ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Context Specific

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how entrepreneurship traditions evolve in diaspora. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative multiple case study examining the role of diaspora embeddedness, extended family, ethno-religious-, cultural- and social ties and relevant structures shaping diaspora entrepreneurship. Findings The authors found that social ties and diaspora embeddedness create dynamism fostering entrepreneurial identity as a part of the Bukharian culture, and as a preferred career option in the context of Bukharian Jews in diaspora. Diasporic family businesses are products of culture and tradition that migrate to new locations with families and communities, not as disconnected business entities. Research limitations/implications The ways in which families nurture a highly entrepreneurial culture that transfers across generations and contexts are context-specific and not per se generalizable to other diasporas. Practical implications Diasporans often continue their traditions and become again entrepreneurs after their settlement, or they may generate hybrid, circular solutions that allow them to employ their competences in the new contexts or connecting various contexts. This calls for transnational entrepreneurship-policymaking. Social implications Time changes diasporas. A long-term commitment to the business environment evolves and reduces the mobility of the individual diasporan; typically the children of these migrants become more integrated and develop divergent career paths. Hence, their plans are not necessarily including family entrepreneurship creating a challenge for continuation of the original culture of entrepreneurship. Originality/value Despite a notable tradition in Jewish studies, there is limited research on Jewish entrepreneurial diaspora and its contemporary entrepreneurial identity and tradition. Furthermore, the population of Bukharian Jews is an unknown and under-explored highly entrepreneurial group that may offer instrumental views to larger diasporic audiences being concerned about maintaining notions of ethnic heritage and identity.

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