scholarly journals Rozszyfrowana wojna. Biuro szyfrów Oddziału II naczelnego dowództwa Wojska Polskiego a losy Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 roku

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
Adam Ostanek
Keyword(s):  
Operational Level ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The subject of the research is the impact of the work of the Cipher Bureau of the Second Division of the Supreme Command of the Polish Army on the result of the Polish-Russian war of 1919-1920, with particular emphasis on the Battle of Warsaw. Breaking the codes used by the Red Army to encrypt secret messages undoubtedly contributed to the Polish victory in the war. Although this fact was generally known to researchers, the discovery of the well-preserved and almost complete translations of the Russian ciphertexts preserved in the Central Military Archives showed the scale of the impact of reading Russian correspondence on the fate of the war. The analysis of selected ciphertexts directly related to the Battle of Warsaw proves that they became an important element of the victory at that time, providing the Polish side with information on the location, plans, numbers and the mood of the Red Army. This enabled Poles to make the right decisions at the operational level.

The Wages of Blackness

Jah Kingdom ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique A. Bedasse
Keyword(s):  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Pan African ◽  
Pan Africanism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent States ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Newly Independent States

When Rastafarians began to petition the Tanzanian government for the “right of entry” in 1976, they benefitted from a history of linkages between Jamaica and Tanzania, facilitated largely by the personal and political friendship between Julius Nyerere and Prime Minister of Jamaica, Michael Manley. This is the subject of the third chapter, which provides essential context for the repatriation. The chapter begins by unearthing the pan-African politics of Michael Manley, which he constructed after appropriating Rastafarian symbols and consciousness into his political campaigns. It also puts a spotlight on the extent to which African leaders of newly independent states helped to define the pan-Africanism of this period by detailing the impact of Julius Nyerere on Manley’s thinking. Finally, it juxtaposes Manley’s acceptance in pan-African circles across Africa with his personal struggle over his own perceived distance from blackness, as a member of Jamaica’s “brown’ elite. In the end, Rastafari was absolutely central to generating the brand of politics surrounding race, color and class in the moment of decolonization. The history of repatriation transgresses analytical boundaries between state and nonstate actors.

scholarly journals From logos to image: the trends in transformation of modern culture

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Olga Leonidovna Sytykh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Visual Rotation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this study is the transformation of modern culture associated with the visual turn. Using the dialectical method and systemic analysis, the author determines the trends in transformation of modern culture. The goal of article is to demonstrate the essence such changes, their vector and impact upon individual and society. The factors of transformation, its manifestations, and consequences are revealed. The works of the representatives of philosophy, culturology, sociology, history, etc. comprise the theoretical framework for this research. The empirical base contains the results of sociological survey conducted 2020 on the premises of two universities in the Altai Krai. The novelty consists in identification of the trends of cultural transformation under the influence of visual turn, their positive and negative consequences for individual and society, as well as generalization of numerous manifestations of these trends. The main conclusion of this study is the author's position about serious and contradictory transformations in society under the influence of visual rotation. The impact of visual rotation has both positive and negative development trends and their consequences. Among the positive effects of the visual turn, the author highlights stimulation of the development of visual thinking, which depends on functioning of the right brain. The author also indicates negative consequences of the visual transformation of culture. Perception through images weans people from thinking. Receiving information through images, rather than through speech, increases the clipping nature of consciousness. This entails the possibility of formation of an individual subject to manipulation. The presentation of images on the Internet and arrangement of visual series develops the habit of expecting “the solution of your problems by someone else” in the situation of choice. Another consequence of the transition from logos to image is the formation of prerequisites for “easy” submersion into virtual situations.

scholarly journals Vertical ground reaction force analysis during gait with unstable shoes

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-466
Author(s):  
Giulia Pereira ◽  
Aluísio Otavio Vargas Avila ◽  
Rudnei Palhano
Keyword(s):  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Unstable Shoes ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroduction Footwear is no longer just an accessory but also a protection for the musculoskeletal system, and its most important characteristic is comfort.Objectives This study aims to identify and to analyze the vertical ground reaction force in barefoot women and women with unstable shoes.Methodology Five women aged 25 ± 4 years old and mass of 50 ± 7 kg participated in this study. An AMTI force plate was used for data acquisition. The 10 trials for each situation were considered valid where the subject approached the platform with the right foot and at the speed of 4 km/h ± 5%. The instable shoe of this study is used in the practice of physical activity.Results The results showed that the first peak force was higher for the footwear situation, about 5% and significant differences between the barefoot and footwear situation. This significant difference was in the first and second peaks force and in the time of the second peak.Conclusion The values showed that the footwear absorbs approximately 45% of the impact during gait.

Personality and Liberty

Philosophy ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 24 (89) ◽  
pp. 144-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Stapledon
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Epistemological Problem ◽  
Clear View ◽  
Immortal Soul ◽  
Philosophical Account ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Two rival passions are at work in men's hearts to-day, the cult of individuality and the cult of society. They give rise all too often to extravagant praise of liberty and to a no less extravagant insistence on discipline for society's sake.It is impossible to form a balanced idea of the functions of liberty and discipline, or of the right relation between the individual and his social environment, without having a clear view of the nature of personality and community. I offer a brief and dogmatic sketch of this subject.A personality is the product of the impact of the objective universe, past and present, on a particular experiencing subject.I do not wish to imply that a “subject” is necessarily a substance (in the philosophical sense) or a metaphysical ego, or an immortal soul. Whether such eternal individual spirits exist or not, I do not pretend to know. I do not even, by the word “subject,” pledge myself to what Professor Broad has called a “centred theory” of the nature of mind, I do not know whether a mind is a system of experiences united in an enduring centre, as the spokes of a wheel are united in the hub; or whether it is a centreless “net” of experiences all related together in a special way. By “subject” I mean only “that which experiences,” whatever the true philosophical account of it. I mean the seeming focus or centre of experience and action. This focus is in some sense located in time and space, in fact it is located within the organism. For my purpose the subject is simply that to which experience happens, and that which responds with conscious behaviour. I do not wish to raise the epistemological problem. I merely assume the rejection of solipsism, and the reality of an objective universe which the individual experiences, however imperfectly.

scholarly journals Menilai Dampak Perpustakaan Menggunakan ISO 16439:2014

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bahrudin
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
General Review ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Library Impact ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Issues on measuring or assessing library impact have not been widely discussed in Indonesia. So far, many libraries have only focused on how to measure its performance in various aspects and the provision of statistical data conducted with various tools / methods / approaches, including SNI ISO 11620:2014 on library performance indicators and SNI ISO 2789:2013 on library statistics. This paper aims to introduce one of the standards that can be used in library impact assessment, ISO 16439-2014, Information and documentation - Methods and procedures for assessing the impact of libraries. This paper is a review paper and the method used in its writing is a general review that is providing an overview of a particular subject by examining previously published studies on the subject. This paper summarizes some of the methods described in ISO 16439 and new insights related to the implementation of library impact assessments based on these standards. Based on the results of the review, this standard comprehensively describes various methods for assessing the impact of libraries on individuals, institutions or library communities, and social that have been used around the world by various types of libraries at various scales. It also provides a way to determine the right method choices according to the impact assessment objectives that a library want to achieve, scope, and resources.

scholarly journals Humanity’s perceived right to life and the impact thereof on the environment: A perspective from Deuteronomy 20:19–20

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Van der Walt
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Form Part ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Humanity’s day to day activities are currently impacting on the natural environment in a way unknown before. Although the destruction of natural resources in times of war is prohibited by the Geneva Conventions, it is currently also happening during periods of peace. The reason for this is the undisputed right to life that humans appropriate themselves regardless of the impact of their acts on the environment. According to Deuteronomy 20 all human life is not of equal value and not necessarily superior to life in nature. Deuteronomy 20 challenges conventional thinking on the subject of human-nature relationships. It is also challenged in Jewish Halachic thinking, the practicality of primitive Eskimo’s attitude towards life and nature, as well as Assyrian acts during war. In these societies the dependence of humans on nature in order to ensure survival, was acknowledged. Currently a paradigm shift away from the anthropocentric attitude towards nature is needed to accommodate the conviction that functionality and potentiality should form part of our philosophy concerning the right to life. A new set of moral rules should be established, taking into account the fact that an endeavour to prolong human life indefinitely should not be desirable because it is to the detriment of nature and thus to humanity itself.

scholarly journals Reporting of right-to-use according to International Accounting standards Principles

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
International Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Position ◽  
Fixed Part ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lease Contracts ◽  
The Impact

The problem of whether and how to report in financial statements the right to use property and the obligation to pay rent or return the used property to the lessor after leasing is a fairly complex area in which it is difficult to find a generally acceptable accounting treatment. Especially for entities that are the subject of public interest, it is being demanded that in view of space comparability operative leasing should be reported on the side of lessee in the statement on financial position, both on the liabilities side, as well as on the assets side. Some possible approaches to reporting these facts are analyzed in this paper. At first the attention was paid to the simple operational lease contracts with a fixed term lease – there were compared the impacts of this way of reporting with the impact of existing accounting solutions. Moreover, the attention was also paid to the complicated lease contracts, such contracts with an option to extend contract or leasing contracts in which rents are divided into a fixed part and a part constructed variable. There were evaluated the effects of different views on the reporting of these contracts, in particular the views of the IASB and the FASB. Many preparers of accounts, however, justifiably concerned that this solution is quite complicated and the entity would be unduly burdensome due to the benefits achieved. This problem could be even more pronounced for smaller entities for potential adjustments to standards for SMEs. Such entities are often against mere change over to the principle based on the transfer of risk and commissions connected with leasing.

scholarly journals University teaching in prison in the university penitentiary system of Sassari: practices, research and developments during the pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
Luisa Pandolfi ◽  
Emmanuele Farris
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Organizational Impact ◽  
Allo Studio ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This paper derives from the activities of the University Penitentiary Center of the University of Sassari and aims to explore the impact of the Covid 19 pandemic on university teaching in prison. The subject of penitentiary university teaching is innovative and relevant for educational research and brings into play different skills, professionals, services and institutions. The theoretical framework describes how the right to study in prison is declined on a methodological level. The field research carried out in Sardinia has tried to give the student's voice in prison and the point of view of educators on the educational and organizational impact on university study paths during the pandemic; it is a voice that returns the complexity of a difficult moment, but which also offers useful ideas and stimuli for a more aware restart of the limits and challenges to be faced, as well as good practices to be developed, particularly at the interface between different public institutions as the University and the Penitentiary Administration are.   La didattica universitaria in carcere nell’ambito del Polo Universitario Penitenziario di Sassari: pratiche, ricerca e sviluppi ai tempi della pandemia.   Il presente contributo nasce nell’ambito dell’attività del Polo Universitario Penitenziario dell’Università di Sassari e si propone di esplorare l’impatto della pandemia da Covid 19 sulla didattica universitaria in carcere. Il tema della didattica universitaria penitenziaria è innovativo e rilevante per la ricerca educativa e chiama in gioco diverse competenze, professionalità, servizi e istituzioni. Il quadro teorico e normativo di riferimento traccia le coordinate in cui si inserisce il diritto allo studio in carcere e ne declina i significati e le implicazioni sul piano metodologico. La ricerca sul campo realizzata in Sardegna ha cercato di dar voce agli studenti detenuti e agli educatori in merito alle ricadute a livello educativo ed organizzativo sui percorsi di studio durante la pandemia; una voce che restituisce la complessità di un momento difficile, ma che offre anche spunti e stimoli utili per una ripartenza più consapevole dei limiti e delle sfide da affrontare, così come delle buone prassi da sviluppare soprattutto all’interfaccia tra istituzioni pubbliche, quali sono l’Università e l’Amministrazione Penitenziaria.

scholarly journals Bezpieczeństwo mieszkańców Galicji Wschodniej w latach 1918–1921

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-112
Author(s):  
Rafał Roguski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Soviet Occupation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Military Units

The subject of this paper is the state of security of civilians in West Galicia in the years 1918–1921 (from the beginning of Polish-Ukrainian struggle in November 1918 to the end of the Polish-Soviet war in 1921). The author discusses the attitude of the Polish Army to the civilians in this region, access to illegal weapon by civilians, and the impact of the internal situation in the region on the increasing rate of common crime. During the Soviet counteroffensive in the summer 1920, East Galicia found itself under Soviet occupation, which had a considerable impact on the attitudes of civilians. Some started to cooperate with the Red Army and the Bolsheviks, and formed a collaborative communist civil administration. In the text, the author attempts to present the impact of hostilities in Eastern Galicia on the existence of civilians, life in the background of the front line and the movement of the population. He will focus on the impact of military units stationed in the region, and will pay attention to cases of specific crime related to warfare, which was the stronger activity of robber bands. The author does not describe the course of military operations of the Polish-Ukrainian war and the Polish-Soviet war in Eastern Galicia, because there is ample literature on these issues. He draws attention to selected aspects of the issues raised, which are the starting point for further research.

scholarly journals RESTAURANTE POPULAR: A FOME DE CIDADANIA E O DIREITO HUMANO A ALIMENTAÇÃO

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Nathalia Delfavero Batista ◽  
Korina Aparecida Teixeira Ferreira da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Human Reality ◽  
Human Need ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

In order to seek better conditions in the life of the population and promote human dignity, a study was carried out to implement a Popular Restaurant unit in the city of Presidente Prudente, considering the impact that their performance has on society, in the scenario of social inequalities and the lack of similar equipment in the region. The main objective is to guarantee a basic and fundamental right, seeking to meet the human need foraccess to affordable daily meals, covering mainly the most socially vulnerable population. Based on theoretical foundations that sustain and improve the understanding on the subject, through studies and analysis of project antecedents, and after technicalsurveys, the project has its beginning in the search for a location that concentrates possible users, resulting in a pre-existence close to the central quadrilateral. Thus, presenting itself as a social policy to fight hunger, the project materializes in a space of social representation, adjusted to the human reality of the target audience and thought in a way that can stimulate the affective feelings to the place, be it of belonging, of security and protection, that the equipment can be understood beyond a collective space, but as a political space, guaranteeing users the experience of social emancipation through obtaining the right to food. Going against the deprivation of freedom of survival and the pain of hunger, the Popular Restaurant adds socially and economically to the city of Presidente Pudente

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