scholarly journals GENETIC POTENTIAL AND BREEDING VALUE OF BULL PRODUCERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
L. V. Kholodova
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Of

The process of improving the breeding and productive qualities of dairy cattle is impossible without the selection of servicing bulls with high genetic potential and breeding value. The paper investigates the breeding value and genetic potential of servicing bulls whose bio-products are used to inseminate dairy cattle in the Republic of Mari El. The author finds out that the population of bulls is of high quality and belongs to five genealogical lines: Vis Back Aydial 1013415, Montwick Chiftein 95679, Sawring Reflex 198998, Seling Trijun Rokita 252803, Pabst Governer 882933. Bulls, obtained from highly productive ancestors and have a high genetic potential in terms of milk yield (from 7513 to 13361 kg) and mass fraction of fat in milk (from 3.87 to 4.43%). The female offsprings of the investigated servicing bulls have rather high level of milk productivity (milk yield is 7017 kg on average, mass fraction of fat is 3,94, protein - 3,08%). The paper highlights that the highest level of dairy productivity was achieved by the descendants of the bull Yasa-M 462771. Their milk yield for the first lactation was 8185 kg, mass fraction of fat was 3.93%, protein concentration was 3.11%. The most part of investigated bulls have high breeding value according to all studied milk productivity parameters. According to the milk yield, it varied from 96.1 to145.5%, the mass fraction of fat – from 100 to 101.8, protein -from 98 to 101.6%. 10 servicing bulls as Artist, Butembo-M, Koldun, Leksaid, Morzhik, Norman-M, Auckland-M, Sayan, Spartak and Yasa-M have relative breeding value on all studied indicators which was above 100%. The most valuable servicing bulls were observed as Yas-M 462771 and Koldun 103.

scholarly journals Characteristics of dairy productivity of Holstein heifers depending on their genetic potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00105
Author(s):  
Tahir M. Akhmetov ◽  
Natalia Yu. Safina ◽  
Shamil K. Shakirov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Allelic Polymorphism ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
High Level

The study presents the results obtained in DNA testing of allelic polymorphism by PCR-RFLP based methods for the leptin and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase genes and the interaction of their complex genotypes on the milk productivity indicators of Holstein heifers of Tatarstan population. The study was carried out among 471 Holstein cow-heifers by Integrated Agricultural Production Centre “Stud farm named after Lenin” of Atninsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2016–2018. All complex LEP/SCD1 genotypes were identified through the study. The maximum frequency was observed in the combination of heterozygous genotypes LEPTCSCD1TC 149 animals (31.5 %). Milk productivity test, based on the complex genotypes LEP and SCD1, showed that a significantly high level of productivity for 305 days of lactation was 7314.4 kg, and in heifers with a complex genotype LEPTTSCD1CC was minimal (6337.4 kg) in comparison with indicators of milk yield of heifers with other complex genotypes. According to the content of the mass fraction of fat, reliably the best indicators were established in a subpopulation of animals with a complex TT/TC genotype 3.87 %. The content of the mass fraction of protein was maximal for animals with a complex CC/CC genotype.

COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND HOLSTEIN BREEDS IN SERF «OLEKSANDRIVSKE»

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Gladiy ◽  
G. S. Kovalenko ◽  
S. V. Priyma ◽  
G. A. Holyosa ◽  
A. V. Tuchyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Selection Of

The main goal of dairy breeds selection should be improving breeding and productive qualities of animals under modern conditions. The majority of farms, using native breeds to produce milk, has created optimal conditions for keeping and feeding, selection and matching, growing of replacements etc. Further improvement of created native dairy breeds for economically useful traits occurs at total use of purebred Holstein bulls (semen) of foreign selection. In order to realistically assess milk productivity (milk yield, fat content in milk and fat yield) of Ukrainian Black-and-White and Red-and-White Dairy cows should be conducted a comparative analysis of Holstein cows under the same conditions of feeding and keeping. It was established that Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows were characterized by the highest milk yields for 305 days of all lactations, taken into account, the among three investigated breeds. Their milk yield during the first lactation was 5933 kg of milk, during the second – 6393 kg, the third – 6391 kg and during higher lactation – 6650 kg. Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows were second by milk yield (except for the second lactation), during the first lactation – 5932 kg of milk, the third – 6462 kg and higher – 6541 kg, and Holstein cows were third, during the first lactation – 5794 kg of milk, the second – 6381 kg, the third – 6335 kg and higher – 6469 kg. The fat content was almost the same and varied within 3.49-3.58% in milk of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cattle, 3.50-3.60% in milk of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle and 3.50-3.56% in Holsteins’ milk. The difference between the breeds was within 0.01-0.04%. All the investigated breeds had predominance in fat yield for three lactations over standards of these breeds: Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows from 75.1 to 93.4 kg, Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows – 75.1-89.0 kg respectively and Holstein cows – 41.9-60.2 kg. It was found different level of positive correlation between milk yield and fat yield in all the cases and high correlation (r = 0.604-0.921, P < 0.001) in five cases (41.7%) Negative correlation coefficients indicate that selection of animals to higher milk yield in the herd will decrease the second trait – fat content in milk. Positive and highly significant correlation between milk yield and fat yield indicates that selection of cows in the herd to higher milk yields will increase fat yield. It was revealed that bulls were among the factors impacted the milk productivity (milk yield, fat content, fat yield) of three investigated breeds. So, the force (η²x) of father’s impact on milk yield was15.4-47.9%, fat content – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7% taking into account a lactation and a breed. The force of lines impact (η²x) was second; it was on milk yield 6.1-24.5%, fat content – 4.1-17.1 and fat yield – 5.8-23.5%. The force of breeds impact (η²x) was last; it was on milk yield 0.3-2.9%, fat content – 0.2-0.3% and fat yield – 0.6-2.7%. So, the comparative studies of milk productivity of Ukrainian Red-and-White and Black-and-White Dairy cattle with Holsteins indicate that under similar conditions of feeding and keeping, these native breeds can compete with Holstein cattle. The milk yield for 305 days of higher lactation was 6650 kg of milk in Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows, 6541 kg in Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows and 6469 kg in Holsteins. It was found the inverse correlation r = -0.025-0.316 between milk yield and fat content in milk in most cases. Selection and matching of animals in the herd should be carried out simultaneously on these traits. It was found positive repeatability of milk yields between the first and second, the third and higher lactations (rs = 0.036-0.741), indicating the reliability of forecasting increase in milk productivity during the next lactations in all herd. Bulls have the greatest impact (η²x) on milk productivity among the factors taken into account: milk yield – 15.4-47.9%, fat content in milk – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7%.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ГЕНОТИПА БЫКОВ НА МОЛОЧНУЮ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ И ВОСПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА ГОЛШТИНСКИХ КОРОВ

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Z.S. SANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Selection Of

Приведены результаты оценки быковпроизводителей голштинской породы по молочной продуктивности и воспроизводительным качествам их дочерей. Обработаны данные 563 первотелок и 45 быковотцов. В среднем удой дочерей за 1ю лактацию от разных отцов колебался от 6784 до 7789 кг, по содержанию жира и белка в молоке различий не выявлено. Большинство производителей обладали желательной степенью реализации генетического потенциала. Основной вклад в генетическое совершенствование стада вносят быки Altahessel Sex138929389, Altajupiter Sex 66011448 и ClearEc Altar2 62916235, достоверно увеличивая удой дочерей за 305 дней 1й лактации от 350 кг до 490 кг по сравнению со средними показателями по стаду. Уровень раздоя коров по 1й лактации достоверно обусловливает их дальнейшую продуктивность. У дочерей ClearEc Altar2 отмечена положительная корреляция (0,44) между удоем и белком, а у дочерей Бодо 354239752 (r0,68) между жиром и белком. Отмечены дочери с отрицательной коррелятивной связью между удоем и жиром, это свидетельствует о том, что в этих группах с высокой молочной продуктивностью отбор коров по жирномолочности не обеспечивает повышение белковомолочности. Самый короткий сервиспериод (98 дней) характерен для дочерей Магикон 536522893, наиболее длинный у дочерей Dinom Altatyson 66133528 и Short Cut 3504510619. Используемые быкипроизводители в хозяйстве реализуют свой потенциал в более сжатые сроки, что необходимо учитывать при дальнейшем их закреплении.The results of estimation of Holstein sires based on milk productivity and reproductive qualities of their daughters are presented .The findings of 563 heifers and 45 bullsfathers were processed.on average, the milk yield of daughters for 1 lactation from different fathers ranged from 6784 to 7789 kg, theee were not found any differences in the content of fat and protein in milk.most producers had a desirable degree of realization of genetic potential. Bulls Altahessel Sex138929389, Altajupiter Sex 66011448 and ClearEc Altar2 62916235mainly contribut to the genetic improvement of the herd, significantly increasing yield of daughters in 305 days of the first lactation from 350 kg to 490 kg compared to the average for the herd. The level of milking cows on the 1st lactation reliably determines their further productivity. Daughters of ClearEc Altar2 had a positive correlation (0.44) between milk yield and protein, and daughters of Bodo bull 354239752 (r0.68) between fat and protein. Daughters with a negative correlation between milk yield and fat were noted, this indicates that the selection of cows by fat content does not provide an increase in protein content in these groups with high milk productivity. The shortest service period (98 days) are typical for daughters of Magikon 536522893, the longest the daughters Dinom Altatyson 66133528 and Short Cut 3504510619.sires, used in farming, realize their potential in a shorter time, which should be taken into account in their further consolidation.

EVALUATION OF THE BREEDING VALUE AND GENETIC POTENTIAL OF THE STUD BULLS USED IN THE STUD FARM

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
И.С. ЛИБЕТ ◽  
Н.П. СУДАРЕВ ◽  
Д. АБЫЛКАСЫМОВ ◽  
О.В. АБРАМПАЛЬСКАЯ
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Selective Process

Определена племенная ценность и генетический потенциал 21 быка-производителя голштинской породы, используемого в стаде племенного завода Тверской области, где проводилась их ранговая оценка по ряду селекционных признаков. Удой дочерей оцениваемых быков 8700—10804 кг молока с массовой долей жира от 3,81 до 3,95% и выходом молочного жира — 346,4—414,9 кг. Белок в молоке у дочерей разных производителей был на одном уровне — от 3,17 до 3,19%. По суммарному выходу молочного белка из-за колебаний в удое, размах признака варьировал от 279 до 344 кг. Племенная ценность (ПЦ) быков по удою составила 91,6—113,3%, 13 из них имели ПЦ ниже 100%, 8 голов — выше 100%. ПЦ по массовой доле жира равнялась 97,7—100,3%, по массовой доле белка — 99,6—100,3%. Суммарная ранговая оценка производителей по сочетаемости признаков их дочерей и женских предков показала, что бык АльтаПилснер 70344827 имеет явное преимущество по ПЦ перед другими производителями, его интегрированный коэффициент связи самый высокий и составляет — 0,78. Производитель Тач 69774799, напротив, занимает последнее место. Дана экономическая оценка использования производителей. Полученные материалы позволяют обеспечить положительную динамику селекционного процесса в молочном скотоводстве. The breeding value and genetic potential of 21 Holstein-stud bulls used in the herd of the stud farm of the Tver region were determined, where they were ranked according to a number of selectional features. The milk yield of the daughters of the evaluated bulls is 8700—10804 kg of milk with a mass fraction of fat from 3.81 to 3.95% and a milk fat yield of 346.4—414.9 kg. The protein in the milk of the daughters of different studs was at the same level-from 3.17 to 3.19%. According to the total yield of milk protein due to fluctuations in milk yield, the range of the trait varied from 279 to 344 kg. The breeding value (BV) of bulls according to the milk yield was 91.6—113.3%, 13 of them had a BV below 100%, 8 heads - above 100%. The BV for the mass fraction of fat was equal 97.7-100.3%, for the mass fraction of protein - 99.6-100.3%. The total ranking of the studs by the combination of the characteristics of their daughters and female ancestors demonstrated that the Altapilsner bull 70344827 has a clear advantage in BV over other studs, its integrated coupling coefficient is the highest and amounts 0.78. Tach 69774799 stud, on the contrary, takes the last place. There is given the economic evaluation of the studs usage. The obtained materials allow to ensure the positive dynamics of the selective process in dairy cattle breeding.

EFFICIENCY OF USING BULLS EVALUATED BY THE QUALITY OF OFFSPRING AND GENOME IN FARMS OF THE LENINGRAD REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.С. МАСЛЕННИКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
The United States ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Repeatability Coefficient ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Genomic Breeding ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Genomic Breeding Value

Показана эффективность использования быков, оцененных по качеству потомства и геному, в хозяйствах Ленинградской области. В среднем повышение молочной продуктивности в условиях региона от использования импортной спермы 84 проверенных по качеству потомства быков составило +19 кг молока (10138 кг молока, 3,83% жира, 3,20% белка), 68 геномно оцененных быков — +24 кг молока (10568 кг молока, 3,85% жира, 3,23% белка). Наилучшие результаты при оценке по качеству потомства в хозяйствах Ленинградской области получены от импортных производителей с племенной ценностью более +600 кг молока (+218 кг молока по быкам, оцененным по качеству потомства, +120 кг молока по геномно оцененным быкам). Уровень племенной ценности по удою улучшателя Дэвиса 138027041 варьирует от +297 до +615 кг молока. В высокопродуктивных (10000 кг и выше) стадах превышение удоя над сверстницами было больше, чем в стадах с продуктивностью 8000 кг молока при коэффициенте повторяемости 0,85. Быки с высокой геномной оценкой (от +719 кг до +1137 кг молока) повысили удой дочерей, по сравнению со сверстницами, в хозяйствах Ленинградской области от +274 кг (Стерлинг 69701759) до +1063 кг (Салун 70358061). С увеличением геномной племенной ценности производителей наблюдается рост продуктивности дочерей в хозяйствах области на 1469 кг молока. Между оценками племенной ценности быков разными методами (в США метод BLUP, в Ленинградской области — «дочери—сверстницы») выявлена положительная связь по удою для быков, проверенных по качеству потомства, +0,54, имеющих геномную оценку — +0,52; по содержанию жира в молоке — +0,48 и +0,57, белка — +0,66 и +0,61, соответственно. Применение современных методов оценки быков (как по качеству потомства, так и по геному) и использование ценных генотипов быков позволят повысить генетический потенциал скота. This article shows the effectiveness of using bulls evaluated by the quality of offspring and genome in the farms of the Leningrad region. On average, the increase in milk productivity in the region from the use of imported sperm of 84 bulls tested for the quality of offspring was +19 kg of milk (10138 kg of milk, 3.83% fat, 3.20% protein), 68 genomically evaluated bulls — +24 kg of milk (10568 kg of milk, 3.85% fat, 3.23% protein). The best results in assessing the quality of offspring in the farms of the Leningrad region were obtained from imported producers with a breeding value of more than +600 kg of milk (+218 kg of milk for bulls evaluated for the quality of offspring, +120 kg of milk for genomically evaluated bulls). The level of breeding value for the milk yield of the improver Davis 138027041 varies from +297 to +615 kg of milk. In highly productive (10,000 kg and higher) herds, the excess of milk yield over peers was greater than in herds with a productivity of 8000 kg of milk with a repeatability coefficient of 0.85. Bulls with a high genomic rating (from +719 kg to +1137 kg of milk) increased the milk yield of their daughters compared to their peers in the farms of the Leningrad region from +274 kg (Sterling 69701759) to +1063 kg (Saloon 70358061). With the increase in the genomic breeding value of producers, there is an increase in the productivity of daughters in the farms of the region by 1469 kg of milk. A positive relationship was found between the estimates of the breeding value of bulls by different methods (in the United States, the BLUP method, in the Leningrad region — «daughters—peers» method) for bulls tested for the quality of offspring +0.54, with a genomic score of +0.52; in terms of fat content in milk — +0.48 and +0.57, protein — +0.66 and +0.61, respectively. The use of modern methods for evaluating bulls (both by the quality of offspring and by genome) and the use of valuable genotypes of bulls will increase the genetic potential of livestock.

scholarly journals Efficiency of breeding value genomic assessment of Holstein stud bulls in comparison with the assessment of the offspring quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 06045
Author(s):  
Yulia Isupova ◽  
Maria Kuznetsova ◽  
Ekaterina Gimazitdinova ◽  
Ekaterina Martynova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Offspring Quality ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Udmurt Republic

A comparative analysis of the genomic assessment results of Holstein breed stud bulls and their assessment on the offspring quality in the conditions of the Udmurt Republic was carried out. To analyze the efficiency of using stud bulls assessed by different methods, data from farms included in the ranking of the top 20 enterprises in terms of milk yield per cow for 2019-2020 were used. A high indicator of the complex LPI index (over 2500) was obtained in three bulls at the beginning of the assessment, by the end of the assessment there were two bulls left - J. Koln-M 11087837 and Super 64131037. The outsiders of the LPI ranking were stud bulls Parlament 52800347 and Patrik 51660096. The indicators of the complex LPI index are at a decent level for all analyzed stud bulls. It should be noted that stud bulls, which had the least change in the LPI index from April 1, 2014 to December 1, 2017, performed well. Bulls, which initially had overestimated results on this indicator, subsequently gave a sharp decline in the LPI index. The value of milk productivity of the evaluated stud bulls' daughters ranged from 5930 to 6415 kg, the mass fraction of fat in milk - from 3.79 to 4.02%, protein - from 3.06 to 3.11%. In most cases, the genomic assessment does not accurately reflect the change in the productive quality of stud bulls' daughters. But in the case of a predicted change to a positive or negative side in the genome, it is also confirmed by the results of assessing the offspring quality, that is, if a bull is predicted to have a sharp decrease in milk yield, then negative indicators are observed according to the “daughter-peer” method.

Study of indexes of the suckling productivity the cows of Ayrshire breed of tribal economy of the Leningrad area.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Mukiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Ayrshire Breed ◽  
Selection Of

In this article, studies the dynamics of indicators of the main signs of milk productivity over 305 days 7 lactations in 240 cows of the Ayrshire breed. The average values for milk yield, the mass fraction of fat and protein, the amount of milk fat and protein, the range between the maximum and minimum values were calculated and studied, and the stand-ard deviation according to the characteristics stud-ied was established. The average milk yield was higher in the 5th and 6th lactation and amounted to 8412 kg and 8962 kg; the maximum% of fat was in the 7th lactation - 4.2%, and% of the protein in the second - 3.46% and also in the last 7th lactation -3.43%. The value of the mass fraction of fat was maximum in the 1st lactation - 1.2; and the mini- mum at the 6th lactation is 0.05. The value of the mass fraction of protein was maximum in the sec-ond - 0.74 and minimum in the 7th lactation -0.24. He overall picture for these indicators represents the horizontal trend lines in the diagrams, which indicates a slight deviation of the values relative to the average for all lactations. The yield of milk fat and protein was maximum in the 6th lactation - 345.9 kg and 289.47 kg, respectively. The stand-ard deviation by milk was 568.6; by mass fraction of fat 0.09; by the mass fraction of protein 0.08; by the amount of milk fat 26.4; by the amount of milk protein 16.9; which means the uniformity of the average values for these indicators. It can be con-cluded that the selection of cattle in this complex was progressive, because led to stably high pro-duction in animals over 7 lactations.

Evaluation of the productive qualities of donor cows and cow’s families by transmission capacity

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
J. Turlova
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Transmission Capacity ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Additional Criterion ◽  
Objective Information ◽  
Linear Profiles ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Donor Cows

Purpose: To assess the productive qualities of donor cows, taking into account the transmitting capacity of their families. To study the possibility of using this criterion to predict the breeding qualities of descendants.Materials and methods. The assessment of the transmitting ability of animals was carried out according to the System for assessing the breeding qualities of dairy cattle by transmitting ability (2010). A genealogical database of first-calf heifers in herd «Petrovsky» (more than 9500 heads) has been formed. The estimation of the transmitting capacity of productive traits of 111 families, to which 132 cows from the donor herd belonged, was carried out.Results. It was found that 44 donors belonged to the «best» families in terms of milk yield and 348 embryos were frozen from them. From 31 donors from the «worst» families in terms of milk yield, 199 embryos were frozen. Linear profiles of families were compiled according to the characteristics of their transmitting capacity for five indicators of milk productivity. It is shown that the probability that the descendants of cows from the «worst» families in terms of transmitting ability will have high rates for the trait we are interested in is approximately 18–20%. In families of the «best» category, this probability is 45% or more.Conclusion. Evaluation of productive traits in terms of transmitting capacity is an important additional criterion when choosing the most valuable cows as embryo’s donor. Compilation of linear profiles of families allows you to obtain objective information about their breeding value in relation to productive traits.

Characteristics of population genetic and breeding parameters of the traits of milk productivity of black-and-white and Holstein cows of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2022 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
A. Kharzhau ◽  
A. Shamshidin ◽  
A. Sermyagin ◽  
K. Zhumanov
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Breeding Parameters ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Purpose: determination of the selection and genetic parameters of the daily milk productivity of black-and-white and Holstein cows to characterize the population.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out using a database formed on the basis of the information and analytical management system of animal husbandry in the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) for daily control milking of Holstein and black-and-white cows. The sample included indicators of milk productivity for three lactations of animals bred in 43 herds: I lactation - 14 482 records (3130 cows and 391 bull fathers), II lactation - 13 656 records (2734 cows and 537 bull fathers), III lactation - 4,911 records (886 cows and 260 bull fathers).Results. Phenotypic variability indices (CvP) by lactation varied: daily milk yield - 34.1 ... 38.8%, MJ - 9.8 ... 11.6%, BMD - 6.7 ... 8.6%, SCS - 32.5 ... 37.8%. The additive genetic variability (CvA) was lower and ranged for: daily milk yield - 22.9 ... 27.0%, MJ - 3.8 ... 4.7%, BMD - 2.6 ... 3.1%, SCS - 13 , 8 ... 14.7%. The heritability of indicators of milk productivity on average for three lactations was: in terms of milk yield - h2 = 0.440, percentage of fat - h2 = 0.155, percentage of protein - h2 = 0.121, SCS - h2 = 0.161. Evaluation of the dynamics of changes in daily milk yield and SCS showed the standard nature of the shape of lactation curves with the values ​​of the determination coefficient of the phenotypic trend equation, respectively, R2 = 69.9 ... 86.4% and R2 = 11.8 ... 20.5%. An increase in the number of recorded days of control milking from 1 to 10 increased the accuracy of the forecast of the breeding value (EBV) of animals for signs of milk production by 1.7-2.4 times. Evaluation of cows by their own productivity for milk yield with optimal values ​​of forecast reliability over 70% can be carried out on the basis of 4 control milking units. At the same time, for the percentage of fat and protein, SCS, the number of observations to achieve reliable EBV results ranged from 8 to 10. Based on the average values ​​of the breeding value of cows, the population genetic characteristics of the farmed cattle in the Republic of Kazakhstan were determined in the context of breeds, country and region (population) origin. Holstein animals (+54.3 kg of milk) were characterized by the highest EBV values. Among imported cows, the best breeding value forecast was obtained for cows imported from Germany (+63.3 kg of milk). For the Kazakh population of cattle, leading positions in terms of genetic prognosis were achieved in East Kazakhstan region (KZF, +334.4 kg of milk). A principal component analysis based on an assessment of the breeding value of cows showed clear differentiation by breed level, country and region of origin of the livestock. The most significant differences were found for animals originated in the Kostanay region (KZP).Conclusion. Analysis of the results of population-genetic and breeding parameters of the characteristics of milk productivity of black-and-white and Holstein cattle showed that there are necessary prerequisites for the development of their own breeding base, increasing the efficiency of selection of animals for breeding groups.

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ГОЛШТИНСКОГО СКОТА ПРИ СОЗДАНИИ ВЫСОКОПРОДУКТИВНОГО СТАДА ЗАО «ПЗ «РАБИТИЦЫ»

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.I. SAKSA
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Genetic Potential

The article demonstrates the feasibility of creating a highly productive herd through the realization of the genetic potential of Holstein cattle. In the pedigree farm of the Leningrad Region, a highly productive Holstein herd has been created with a per 1 cow milk yield of 13,116 kgs in 2018 (n = 1,400) suitable for operation under conditions of complex automation of the production process. In the farm starting from 1985 to 2018 the milk yield increased annually by an average of 253 kgs  per 1 cow. The level of profitability of dairy cattle ranged from 25% to 51.7% over the past 5 years. Cows of the breeding farm even at first lactation demonstrate high productivity. Animals of 2015 year of birth at the age of 25.1 months at the first calving, having a live weight of 616 kgs, produced 11,512 kgs of milk for 305 days of lactation (the duration of the service period is 135 days). The highest daily milk yield for 100 days was 70.41 kgs and for 305 days at third lactation – 19,254 kgs of milk; the highest lifetime productivity  - 103,093 kgs of milk, 4,043 kgs of milk fat and 3 227 kgs of milk protein (registered for 7 lactations). High dairy productivity of 11,507 – 12,977 kgs of milk had daughters of bulls-improvers with breeding value by milk yield ranging from +151 to +1,380 kgs of milk in comparison with herdmates. The breeding farm is a leading producer of Holstein breeding bulls, for the period of 2014-2018,  181 breeding bulls were sold to AI stations of the Russian Federation. The creation of a highly productive herd through the use of the genetic potential of Holstein cattle became possible due to the introduction of a well established system the dairy cattle management the basis of which includes: a fully balanced cow feeding, the use of bulls-improvers, advanced technologies of cow managment and milking.В статье показана возможность создания высокопродуктивного стада за счет реализации генетического потенциала голштинского скота. В племзаводе Ленинградской области создано высокопродуктивное голштинское стадо с удоем на 1 корову 13116 кг молока в 2018 году (n=1400), пригодное к эксплуатации в условиях комплексной автоматизации производства. В хозяйстве с 1985 по 2018 год удои увеличивались ежегодно в среднем на 253 кг молока от 1 коровы. Уровень рентабельности молочного скотоводства варьировал за последние 5 лет от 25 до 51,7%. Коровы племзавода уже за 1-ю лактацию имеют высокую продуктивность. Животные 2015 года рождения в возрасте 25,1 мес при первом отеле, имея живую массу 616 кг, дали за 305 дней 1-й лактации 11512 кг молока (продолжительность сервис-периода 135 дней). Наивысший суточный удой за 100 дней составил 70,41 кг, а за 305 дней 3 лактации — 19254 кг молока, наивысшая пожизненная продуктивность — 103093 кг молока, 4043 кг молочного жира и 3227 кг молочного белка (за 7 лактаций). Высокую молочную продуктивность 11507—12977 кг молока имели дочери быков-улучшателей с племенной ценностью по удою от +151 кг до +1380 кг молока по сравнению со сверстницами. Племзавод является ведущим репродуктором племенных бычков голштинской породы, за 2014—2018 годы на племпредприятия Российской Федерации был реализован 181 племенной бык. Создание высокопродуктивного стада путем использования генетического потенциала голштинского скота стало возможным за счет внедрения в хозяйство системы ведения отрасли молочного скотоводства, основу которой составляют: полноценное сбалансированное кормление, использование быков-улучшателей, прогрессивные технологии содержания и доения коров

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