scholarly journals Pregnant teenagers treated at the obstetric center of a university hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-261
Author(s):  
Luana Maria Tassoni Ferro ◽  
Ceny Longhi Rezende ◽  
Cassia Barbosa Reis ◽  
Alessandra Aparecida Vieira Machado ◽  
Renato Sarmento dos Reis Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Health Organization

According to the definition of the World Health Organization, adolescence is the phase of life between 10 and 19 years of age, a period marked by physiological and biopsychosocial changes, in which pregnancy is considered a risk factor for both mother and fetus from the biomedical point of view. Several factors have been associated with teenage pregnancy with negative maternal and neonatal impacts, such as: social vulnerability, low levels of education, income, and sexual education. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, which aimed to identify obstetric factors and neonatal outcomes of greater frequency among pregnant adolescents treated at the obstetric center of a university hospital. Data collection was performed through a logbook of daily procedures at the obstetric center, so that all parturients under 19 years of age treated in 2018 were included in the study. The variables studied were age, parity, type of delivery, gestational age, diagnosis of syphilis and HIV, number of prenatal consultations, and insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD). As for the newborn, the following were analyzed: weight and hospital destination after birth. The data were processed using the SOFA.5.2 software (Statistics Open for All) and the significance level established was 95%, with a value of (P ≤ 0.05). Three thousand four hundred and thirty pregnant women were evaluated. There was a birth rate of 19.3% among adolescents, with a correlation between the low weight of the newborn with the longest hospital stay and the number of prenatal visits, and also the identification of low insertion of contraceptive methods immediately after delivery. Adolescent pregnancy was correlated with low-birth-weight newborns and a longer stay in neonatal units, consequences often associated with the insufficient number of prenatal consultations. Public health policies for the inclusion of qualified nursing professionals in the management of insertion of the intrauterine device for the prevention of subsequent pregnancies deserve special attention.

Evaluation of Drug Use Based on WHO Prescribing Indicator in Mizan- Tepi University Teaching Hospital, south Western Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Hambisa ◽  
Rediet Feleke ◽  
Ameha Zewudie ◽  
Mohammed Yimam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Background:: Rational drug use comprises aspects of prescribing, dispensing and patient use of medicines for different health problems. This study is aimed to assess drug prescribing practice based on the world health organization prescribing indicators in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Methods:: An institutional based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate prescribing practices in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Data were collected based on World health organization drug use indicators using prescription papers. 600 prescriptions dispensed through the general outpatient pharmacy of the hospital were collected by systematic random sampling method from prescriptions written for a 1-year time in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Results:: The present study found that the average number of drugs per prescription was 2.04 ± 0.87 in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital with a range between 1 and 5. Prescribing by generic name was 97.6 % and 47.8% of prescriptions contained antibiotics in the hospital. 27.7% of prescriptions contained at least one injectable medication in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. From prescribed drugs, 96.7% of them were prescribed from Ethiopian essential drug list. Conclusion:: Present study indicated that the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter, the percentage of generic prescribing and prescribing from the EDL were close to optimal value. However, the percentage of encounters with antibiotics and injections prescribed were found be very high. Thus, the study highlights some improvements in prescribing habits, particularly by focusing on the inappropriate consumption of antibiotics and injections.

scholarly journals Position of lips and tongue in rest in newborns with and without ankyloglossia

CoDAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Márcia Andrade Campanha ◽  
Roberta Lopes de Castro Martinelli ◽  
Durval Batista Palhares
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Purpose Verify the position of lips and tongue at rest in newborns with and without ankyloglossia. Methods Cross-sectional study, carried out with 130 newborns in University Hospital. Data collection was performed by the researcher and speech-language pathologists from the Hospital. Information on gestational age, sex, weight, height and days of life was collected. The position of the lips and tongue at rest was evaluated through visual inspection with the newborns asleep. After the newborns were awakened, Neonatal Screening of the validated Protocol for the evaluation of the lingual frenulum for infants was performed to detect the alteration of the lingual frenulum. The data obtained were described and submitted to statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test to verify the association between the position of the lips with the tongue and to compare the position of the lips and tongue with and without ankyloglossia. The Mann-Whitney test was used to verify the behavior of the variables the differed between newborns with and without ankyloglossia. The significance level of 5% was adopted. Results When comparing the data, a significant difference was found between: weight and height with and without ankyloglossia; position of lips and tongue. An association between the position of the tongue and lips with and without ankyloglossia was also found. Conclusion Newborns without alteration of the lingual frenulum have a tendency to remain with their lips closed and their tongue elevated during rest and newborns with ankyloglossia have a tendency to keep their lips parted and their tongue low during rest.

Characteristics of health-promoting schools from Iranian adolescents’ point of view

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Shahhosseini ◽  
Masoumeh Simbar ◽  
Ali Ramezankhani
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Promoting Schools ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Aim: Although characteristics of health-promoting schools are mentioned in the World Health Organization guidelines, different countries need to design more details of indicators for assessing these schools according to their social and cultural context. The aim of this study was to investigate characteristics of health-promoting schools from Iranian adolescent girls’ point of view. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2010 middle school and high school female adolescents were selected from randomly selected schools in Mazandaran province, Iran. They completed a self-completion questionnaire around their views about characteristics of health- promoting schools. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an independent t-test. Results: It is revealed that from Iranian adolescents’ point of view the most important feature of health-promoting schools was the schools with no stressful exams and where notices are kindly given to students for their mistakes. Conclusion: The results suggest that there is a need for more measurable standards of health-promoting schools based on the socio-cultural context of both developing and developed countries.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF PATIENTS IN HOSPITAL TAPAH REGARDING DISPOSAL OF UNUSED AND EXPIRED MEDICINES

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
NUR FEAZIRA ABDUL KADIR ◽  
NUR SYAMIMI NUR SYAMIMI ◽  
MALA BALAKRISHNAN ◽  
WAN NURSYAHIRAH WAN ZAIDI ◽  
SUI CHEE FAI
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Unused Medications ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Medication Disposal ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than half of dispensed medications were inappropriately prescribed, which causes a build-up of unused medications and increasing medication disposal. The aim of this study is to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and current practice of patients in Hospital Tapah, Perak, Malaysia towards this issue. A cross-sectional study was conducted by using a self- administered questionnaire adapted from Su Lan et al. (2018). Patients aged more than 17 years old who visited outpatient pharmacy and who admitted into medical ward; the caregivers of children who admitted into paediatric ward, Hospital Tapah were enrolled in this study, selected through convenience sampling. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine significant association between independent and dependent parameters. The significance level was set at p < 0.1. Total of 344 valid questionnaires were returned in which 34.9% (n = 120) men and 65.1% (n = 224) women participated. The majority of the participants has general knowledge of the correct way of disposing medicines. Although 57.3% of the participants have heard about ‘Return Your Medicines Programme’ (RMP) implemented by the Ministry of Health Malaysia, only 38.1% returned their unused or expired medication to the nearby hospital/clinic. Most of them were found to have a positive attitude regarding this issue, nevertheless only 24.7% practiced a proper medication disposal. The utilisation of RMP could be improved by increasing the awareness of safe medication disposal, as significant association has been found between the level of knowledge and attitude with current disposal practice of patients in Hospital Tapah.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF BREASTFEEDING EXCLUSIVE IN THE WORKING AREA OF RUMBIA HEALTH CENTER, BOMBANA REGENCY: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

NSC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Asnidawati Asnidawati ◽  
Wa Ode Salma ◽  
Adius Kusnan
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Breast’s milk is an excellent food for the growth and development of infants. The United Nations Children's Funds (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommend that children only be exclusively breastfed for six months and continued until two years. This study analyzes the effect of family support, health workers, and socio-culture on exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of the Rumbia Health Center, Rumbia District, Bombana Regency. Methods: This study involved 86 mothers who had babies aged 0-6 months who were registered and domiciled in the working area of the Rumbia Health Center spread over 4 Kelurahan and 1 Village, which were selected by purposive sampling using a cross-sectional design from February to April 2021. Data analysis using odds ratio (OR) and logistic regression at significance level < 0.05. Results: The largest age group in the range of 20-35 years, as many as 68 people (79.1%), undergraduate as many as 32 people (37.2%), and income above Rp. 2.552.014, - / month as many as 60 people (69.8%). The results showed an effect of family support on exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.002<0.05). There is no influence of socio-cultural factors on exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.282>0.05) and the results of multivariate analysis of the most dominant variables associated with exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of Rumbia Health Center District Rumbia Bombana Regency is supported by health workers with an OR = 9.199 (p-value = 0.039<0.05). Conclusions: This study concludes that the support of health workers plays a very important role in exclusive breastfeeding to infants aged six months, which can impact improving the health of toddlers. Keywords: Determinant, breastfeeding exclusive, toddler, mother

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with HIV: Comparison of Four Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Algorithms

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Abdou Razak Moukaila ◽  
Edem Komi Mossi ◽  
Nouroudine Amadou ◽  
Komi Dzidzonu Nemi ◽  
Mouhaman-Inouwa Kpelafia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hiv Drugs ◽  
Living With Hiv

Introduction: The objective of our study was to evaluate, in a population of Togolese People Living With HIV (PLWHIV), the agreement between three scores derived from the general population namely the Framingham score, the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), the evaluation of the cardiovascular risk (CVR) according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the CVR evaluation equation derived from the Data collection on Adverse effects of anti-HIV Drugs (D.A.D). Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study including 212 HIV-infected patients recruited from the day hospital of the Infectious Diseases Department of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital. The level of agreement between the different scores was estimated using the Pearson correlation test and the Cohen Kappa coefficient.

scholarly journals Evaluation of functionality and disability of older elderly outpatients using the WHODAS 2.0

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Veiga ◽  
◽  
Rita Aparecida Bernardi Pereira ◽  
Adriane Miró Vianna Benke Pereira ◽  
Renato Nickel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Whodas 2.0 ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Elderly Outpatients ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Objectives: To analyze the level of functionality and disability of older elderly persons receiving care at a university hospital in Curitiba, Paraná, and identify functional differences between men and women. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, based on a convenience sample of elderly persons receiving outpatient care, was undertaken. The Brazilian version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0). Results: A total of 28 people with a mean age of 86.21 (±4.17) were evaluated. Of these 50.0 % were male, 46.4 % were widowed, and 57.1 % performed the evaluated activities independently. There were no significant differences between genders in terms of age (p≤0.635) or years of study (p≤0.329), although women showed a higher level of disability than men in general (p≤0.16). Conclusion: The WHODAS 2.0 proved to be a sensitive tool for the analysis and comparison of the level of functionality of the older elderly. However, it is important to develop prospective studies, with non-convenience samples, for a better reflection on the disability and functionality of older elderly persons.

scholarly journals Aderência de profissionais de saúde à higienização das mãos

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1578
Author(s):  
Eliana Ofelia LLapa-Rodríguez ◽  
Júlian Katrin Albuquerque de Oliveira ◽  
Max Oliveira Menezes ◽  
Luciana De Santana Lôbo Silva ◽  
Daniel Marques de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Care Team ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bodily Fluids ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Health Organization

RESUMOObjetivo: analisar a aderência à higienização das mãos de profissionais de saúde que prestam assistência oncológica e sua correlação com as variáveis categoria profissional, indicação, tipo de conduta e insumo utilizado. Método: estudo quantitativo, de corte transversal, com amostra de 1397 oportunidades de observação dos cinco momentos de higienização das mãos em um hospital de oncologia. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um formulário e analisados pelo Graph Pad Prism 5.0. Resultados: a taxa de aderência global foi de 29%, classificada como indesejavel ou sofrível, com maior taxa para os enfermeiros. Houve significância entre a aderência e categoria (p<0,0001), bem como nos cinco momentos (p<0.0001). Observou-se maior taxa no momento “após exposição a fluidos corpóreos”, predominando o uso da água/sabão. Conclusão: a aderência à higienização das mãos foi classificada segundo o índice de Carter como sofrível, encontrando-se fora das recomendações preconizadas pela Organização Mundial de Saúde.  Descritores: Higiene das Mãos; Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente; Segurança do Paciente; Equipe de enfermagem; Serviço Hospitalar de Oncologia; Controle de Qualidade.ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the adhesion to hand hygiene of health professionals who provide cancer care and its correlation with the variables professional category, indication, type of conduct and used input. Method: quantitative, cross-sectional study, with a sample of 1397 observation opportunities of the five moments of hand hygiene at a cancer hospital. Data were collected by means of a form and analyzed using Graph Pad Prism 5.0. Results: the overall adherence rate was 29%, classified as undesirable or tolerable, with higher rates for nurses. There were no significant differences between adhesion and category (p<0.0001), as well as in the five moments (p<0.0001). The moment “after exposure to bodily fluids” showed higher rates, predominating the use of water/soap. Conclusion: adherence to hand hygiene was classified according to Carter’s index as tolerable, outside the recommendations advocated by the World Health Organization. Descriptors: Hand Hygiene; Patient Care Team; Patient Safety; Nursing Team; Oncology Service, Hospital; Quality Control.RESUMEN                                                                    Objetivo: analizar la adherencia a la higiene de las manos de los profesionales de salud que proporcionan cuidados del cáncer y su correlación con las variables de la categoría profesional, indicación, tipo de conducta y de entrada utilizada. Método: estudio cuantitativo de corte transversal, con una muestra de 1397 oportunidades para la observación de los cinco momentos de la higiene de las manos en un hospital de oncología. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de un formulario, y analizados mediante Graph PAD Prism 5.0. Resultados: la tasa global de cumplimiento fue del 29%, la cual fue clasificada como indesejavel u tolerable, con tasas más altas para los enfermeros. No hubo diferencias significativas entre la adherencia y la categoría (p<0,0001), así como en los cinco momentos (p<0,0001). Se observó una mayor tasa en el momento “después de la exposición a fluidos corporales”, predominando el uso de agua/jabón. Conclusión: la adherencia a la higiene de las manos se clasifica según el índice de Carter como tolerable, encontrándose fuera de las recomendaciones recomendadas por la Organización Mundial de la salud. Descriptores: La Higiene de Manos; Equipo ce Atención al Paciente; Seguridad del Paciente; Grupo de Enfermeria; Servicio de Oncología En Hospital; Control de Calidad.

scholarly journals The impact of coronavirus outbreak on breastfeeding guidelines among Brazilian hospitals and maternity services: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walusa Assad Gonçalves-Ferri ◽  
◽  
Fábia Martins Pereira-Cellini ◽  
Kelly Coca ◽  
Davi Casale Aragon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternity Services ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The World Health Organization recognizes exclusive breastfeeding a safe source of nutrition available for children in most humanitarian emergencies, as in the current pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the Brazilian national guideline protecting breastfeeding practices, there are many concerns about protecting infants from their infected mothers. This study aimed to analyze how the Brazilian hospitals and maternity services promote and support mothers suspected or diagnosed with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional and multicenter study which collected data from 24 Brazilian hospitals and maternity services between March and July 2020. Representatives of the institutions completed a questionnaire based on acts to promote and support breastfeeding, the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, and Brazil’s federal law recommendations. Results The results showed that in delivery rooms, 98.5% of the services prohibited immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact between mothers and their infants and did not support mothers to initiate breastfeeding in the first hour. On the postnatal ward, 98.5% of the services allowed breastfeeding while implementing respiratory hygiene practices to prevent transmission of COVID-19. Companions for mothers were forbidden in 83.3% of the hospitals. Hospital discharge was mostly between 24 and 28 h (79.1%); discharge guidelines were not individualized. Additionally, a lack of support was noticed from the home environment’s health community network (83.3%). Hospital and home breast pumping were allowed (87.5%), but breast milk donation was not accepted (95.8%). There was a lack of guidance regarding the use of infant comforting strategies. Guidelines specific for vulnerable populations were not covered in the material evaluated. Conclusions In Brazil, hospitals have not followed recommendations to protect, promote, and support breastfeeding during the COVID-19 outbreak. The disagreement between international guidelines has been a major issue. The absence of recommendations on breastfeeding support during the pandemic led to difficulties in developing standards among hospitals in different regions of Brazil and other countries worldwide. The scientific community needs to discuss how to improve maternal and infant care services to protect breastfeeding in the current pandemic.

scholarly journals The Utilization of Protective Face Masks among Polish Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic: Do We Pass the Exam?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Radomir Reszke ◽  
Łukasz Matusiak ◽  
Piotr K. Krajewski ◽  
Marta Szepietowska ◽  
Rafał Białynicki-Birula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
The Face ◽  
Health Organization

Relevant personal protective measures during the COVID-19 pandemic include face masks, possibly decreasing the risk of infection among the general population and healthcare workers (HCW) if utilized properly. The aim of the study was to assess whether different Polish HCW utilize face masks according to the 2020 World Health Organization guidance (WHO) criteria. This cross-sectional study included 1156 respondents who participated in an internet survey evaluating mask-related behaviors. All the WHO criteria were complied with by 1.4% of participants, regardless of medical profession, specialty or place of employment. HCW mostly adhered to criterion 1 (C1; strict covering of the face and mouth with the mask; 90.8%), C4 (washing/disinfecting the hands after touching/taking off the mask; 49%) and C3 (taking off the mask properly without touching the anterior surface; 43.4%), whereas C2 (avoidance of touching the mask with hands) was complied with least commonly (6.8%). HCW with mask-induced itch (31.6%) complied to C2 less often (odds ratio 0.53; p = 0.01). The study reveals that Polish HCW rarely adhere to all the 2020 WHO guidance criteria on the use of masks, whereas the adherence to particular criteria is variable and may be associated with the presence of skin-related conditions and other factors. Better compliance with the recommendations in the future is necessary to increase personal safety of HCW and prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

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