scholarly journals Risk Factors associated with Still Births

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (177) ◽  
Author(s):  
S R Shrestha ◽  
B K Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Birth Injury ◽  
Still Birth ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Still Births ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

INTRODUCTION: Still birth is a common adverse outcome of pregnancy, associated with many risk factors like prematurity, infection, birth injury, eclamptic disorders. METHODS: A hospital based, retrospective study was conducted at Patan Hospital in the year 2064. The number of still births and their associated risk factors were assessed. RESULTS: There were three thousand and five hundred and eighty eight deliveries. Among all deliveries, still birth cases were counted forty seven with a rate of 14 per thousand deliveries. The major risk factors were prematurity, low birth weight, fetal distress and maternal jaundice. CONCLUSIONS: Prematurity was the commonest risk factor for still birth.  

Retrospective study of 476 tibial plateau levelling osteotomy procedures

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (05) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dupuis ◽  
J. Planté ◽  
M. Moreau ◽  
M. Gatineau
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Pivot Shift ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Stifle Joint

SummaryObjective: To determine the rate of subsequent ‘pivot shift’, meniscal tear and risk factors associated with complications of tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) and to assess clinical and owner perception outcome.Study design: Retrospective study.Sample population: Three hundred and forty-eight dogs that had undergone TPLO surgical procedures (n = 476 stifles).Methods: Medical records were reviewed for the retrieval of information on breed, sex, age, body weight, clinical history, radiograph findings, pre- and postoperative tibial plateau angle, limb alignment, unilateral versus bilateral disease, condition of cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) and menisci, implant material, healing time and complications. Clinical and owner-assessed questionnaire outcomes were also recorded.Results: Forty-six (9.7%) postoperative complications were reported. Twenty (4.2%) were classified as major complications requiring an additional surgical intervention, and 26 (5.5%) as minor complications. No risk factors associated with postoperative complications were identified. Ten (2.1%) subsequent meniscal injuries in the stifles with normal unaltered menisci at time of TPLO were reported with a median postoperative time of 9.5 months. Signs of postoperative ‘pivot shift’ were reported in 15 (3.1%) stifles. All stifles with a ‘pivot shift’ had a complete CCL rupture or a debrided partial CCL rupture a medial menisectomy was identified as a risk factor for a ‘pivot shift’ (p = 0.02). Dogs with intact medial meniscus had a significantly higher activity level (p <0.0001) and a shorter time to peak function (p = 0.02) than dogs that underwent menisectomy according to an owner questionnaire.Conclusions: Dogs with TPLO and intact meniscus seemed to have a better and faster recovery than dogs with TPLO and menisectomy based on owner questionnaires. ‘Pivot shift’ was infrequent after TPLO surgery. All dogs with a ‘pivot shift’ had a complete CCL rupture or a debrided partial CCL rupture and menisectomy was identified as a risk factor for its occurrence.Clinical relevance: Considering the relatively low rate of subsequent meniscal injury after TPLO, systematic medial meniscal release with TPLO may be unnecessary. The ‘pivot shift’ deserved further investigation to completely understand its mechanism, to identify its anatomic components and potential consequences on the stifle joint.

scholarly journals Bacterial and Fungal Co-infection in a Cohort of 333 Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 (COINFECOVID Study)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Abril ◽  
Neus Gómez ◽  
Hilary Piedrahita ◽  
Mercedes Chanzá ◽  
Nuria Tormo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Icu Stay ◽  
Prolonged Icu Stay

Abstract BackgroundCoinfections in COVID19 appear to worsen hospitalized patients prognosis.ObjectiveTo describe the characteristics of bacterial and fungal coinfections in patients admitted for COVID19 and to identify the risk factors associated with its occurrence.Patients and MethodsSingle-center retrospective study reviewing medical records of patients with COVID19 diagnosed with bacterial or fungal infection during hospital admission.Results333 patients were analyzed during March 15-May 15, 2020. 16.82% had some coinfection during admission. Coinfections were more frequent in patients with comorbidities (80.36% vs 19.64% p<0.025) and in those ICU admitted (52.46% vs 8.86%, p<0.001). Coinfections were significantly more frequent in patients with neutrophilia>7500 and increased procalcitonin on admission as well as lymphopenia<1500 on day 5. Mortality in patients with coinfection was 26.79% vs 23.47% in non-coinfected (p 0.596). Length of stay was longer in coinfected patients (mean 30.59 vs 13.47, p<0.01). Most frequent microorganisms were Enterococci, Candida spp, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp. 74% of patients received ceftriaxone: 17.34% of those treated had a coinfection compared to 15.48% not treated (p 0.694).ConclusionsOccurrence of coinfections is frequent and prolongs hospital stay without influencing mortality. The presence of comorbidities and ICU stay were identified as the main risk factor for coinfection, while increased neutrophils and procalcitonin at admission and lymphopenia during evolution were the main biological predictors. Enterococcus was the most frequent pathogen. Ceftriaxone use does not protect against appearance of bacterial infections. C. albicans was the most frequently isolated fungus and was associated with prolonged ICU stay.

scholarly journals PREVALENSI DAN FAKTOR RISIKO KOKSIDIOSIS PADA SAPI PERAH DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG (Prevalence and Risk Factor of Coccidiosis in Dairy Cattle in Bandung District)

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Isrok Malikus Sufi ◽  
Umi Cahyaningsih ◽  
Etih Sudarnika
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mcmaster Technique ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Immature Immune System ◽  
Eimeria Infection

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of coccidiosis. Samples were obtained from 400 dairy cattle (196 calves aged <6 months, 37 calves aged 6-12 months, and 167 calves aged >12 months). Feces samples were collected, examined and counted for prevalence and number of oocyst per gram faeces (OPG) by McMaster technique. A questionnaire was design to record information about animal health and husbandry, individually. Risk factors associated with the prevalence of Eimeria in cattle were analyzed by logistic regression model. The overall prevalence and the average of OPG of Eimeria in cattle was 179 (44.75%) and 286.75, while highest prevalence of Eimeria was observed in calves aged less than 6 months. Cattle aged more than 12 months showed significantly different relationship (P<0.05) to the prevalence of Eimeria infection compare to calves aged less than 6 months and aged 6-12 months. The presence of an immature immune system in younger calves resulting in their higher susceptibility to coccidiosis. Among management and animal health practices, floor type and treatment of cattle influence the prevalence of Eimeria in cattle.

Prevalence of anaemia and it's associated risk factors among under five children at Mukinge Missions Hospital in Kasempa District: Retrospective Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd Sampa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Mission Hospital ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

BACKGROUND Anemia is a worldwide major problem known to affect people throughout the world. It has an adverse effect on both the social and economic development. The worldwide prevalence of anemia is 9% in developed nations. The global estimate indicates that 293.1 million of children under five years, approximately 43%, are anaemic worldwide and 28.5% of these children are found in sub Saharan Africa. In Zambia specifically Kasempa, no documented studies on prevalence have been done. Despite iron supplementation being given to pregnant women and the availability of blood transfusion. The burden of the disease remains high as determined by high mortality and morbidity. This study aims at determining the prevalence of anemia and the associated risk factors among under-five children at Mukinge Mission Hospital in Kasempa District. Knowledge of prevalence and the associated risk factors of anaemia will enhance early detection and timely management. OBJECTIVE 1.To determine the hemoglobin status of anaemia by its severity among anaemic under-five children admitted at Mukinge Mission Hospital. 2.To assess the association of anaemia with Malaria among under-five children admitted at Mukinge Mission Hospital. METHODS This was a retrospective study review of under-five children that were diagnosed and managed of Anemia at Mukinge Missions Hospital, over the period of period of 2015, 2017 and 2018. .Data of the variables of interest was extracted and analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS A sample population of 52 children was included in our study. The majority of the children were females 28 (53.8 %) and 24 (46.2 %) were Males. It was found that moderate and severe anaemia was 17.3% and 82.7 % respectively. Additionally, Majority of the anaemic children (75%) had Normocytic anaemia. The Pearson Chi square test revealed no statistical relationship between the variables; Malaria (p=0.58), Age (P=0.82), Gender (P=0.91). CONCLUSIONS According to our study, 39 (75%) had normal mean corpuscular volume which could suggest chronic diseases and sickle cell anemia. 11 (21.2%) had a low mean corpuscular volume indicating Microcytic anemia which could suggest diseases such as iron deficiency and thalassemia among many other causes. However, we were unable to determine the specific cause of anemia.

Knowledge, awareness and perceptions of diabetes mellitus among the Saudi population

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-422
Author(s):  
Muhammad H Mujammami ◽  
Abdulaziz A Alodhayani ◽  
Mohammad Ibrahim AlJabri ◽  
Ahmad Alhumaidi Alanazi ◽  
Sultan Sayyaf Alanazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: High prevalence of undiagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased over the last two decades, most patients with DM only become aware of their condition once they develop a complication. Limited data are available regarding the knowledge and awareness about DM and the associated risk factors, complications and management in Saudi society. Aim: This study aimed to assess knowledge of DM in general Saudi society and among Saudi healthcare workers. Results: Only 37.3% of the participants were aware of the current DM prevalence. Obesity was the most frequently identified risk factor for DM. Most comparisons indicated better awareness among health workers. Conclusion: A significant lack of knowledge about DM in Saudi society was identified. Social media and educational curriculum can improve knowledge and awareness of DM.

scholarly journals 798. Metronidazole Exposure Prior to Clostridiodes difficile Infection (CDI) is a Risk Factor for Severe C. difficile Disease in Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S442-S443
Author(s):  
Denise Marie A Francisco ◽  
Liangliang Zhang ◽  
Ying Jiang ◽  
Adilene Olvera ◽  
Eduardo Yepez Guevara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Study Investigator ◽  
Severity Levels ◽  
Permutation Analysis

Abstract Background Antibiotic use is a risk factor for CDI. Few studies have correlated use of prior antibiotics with CDI severity in cancer patients. This study identified clinical and microbiology risk factors associated with severe CDI in patients with cancer. We hypothesized that previous antibiotic exposure and microbiome composition at time of CDI presentation, are risk factors for severe disease in cancer patients. Methods This non-interventional, prospective, single-center cohort study examined patients with cancer who had their first episode or first recurrence of CDI between Oct 27, 2016 and Jul 1, 2019. C. difficile was identified using nucleic acid amplification testing. Multivariate analysis was used to determine significant clinical risk factors for severe CDI as defined in the 2018 IDSA/SHEA guidelines. Alpha, and beta diversities were calculated to measure the average species diversity and the overall microbial composition. Differential abundance analysis and progressive permutation analysis were used to single out the significant microbial features that differed across CDI severity levels. Results Patient (n=200) demographics show mean age of 60 yrs., 53% female, majority White (76%) and non-Hispanic (85%). Prior 90 day metronidazole use (Odds Ratio OR 4.68 [1.47-14.91] p0.009) was a significant risk factor for severe CDI. Other factors included Horn’s Index &gt; 2 (OR 7.75 [1.05-57.35] p0.045), Leukocytosis (OR 1.29 [1.16-1.43] p&lt; 0.001), Neutropenia (OR 6.01 [1.34-26.89] p0.019) and Serum Creatinine &gt;0.95 mg/dL (OR 25.30 [8.08-79.17] p&lt; 0.001). Overall, there were no significant differences in alpha and beta diversity between severity levels. However, when identifying individual microbial features, the high presence of Bacteroides uniformis, Ruminococceae, Citrobacter koseri and Salmonella were associated with protection from severe CDI (p&lt; 0.05). Table 1 - Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with severe CDI Figure 1. Microbiome features identified by progressive permutation analysis as seen in a volcano plot. Conclusion A number of risk factors for severe CDI were identified among this population, including prior 90 day metronidazole use. Also, increased relative abundance of Bacteroides uniformis, Ruminococceae, Citrobacter koseri and Salmonella were linked to protection from severe CDI. Reducing metronidazole use in patients with cancer may help prevent subsequent severe CDI. Disclosures Adilene Olvera, MPH MLS (ASCP), MERK (Grant/Research Support, Scientific Research Study Investigator) Kevin W. Garey, PharmD, MS, FASHP, Merck & Co. (Grant/Research Support, Scientific Research Study Investigator) Ryan J. Dillon, MSc, Merck & Co., Inc., (Employee) Engels N. Obi, PhD, Merck & Co. (Employee)

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with the progression and metastases of hindgut neuroendocrine tumors: a retrospective study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Okubo ◽  
Rika Kasajima ◽  
Masaki Suzuki ◽  
Yohei Miyagi ◽  
Osamu Motohashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Factors Associated

Influence of Concomitant Polypharmacy on Docetaxel-induced Febrile Neutropenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
KATSUYA MAKIHARA ◽  
YUKA SHIMEDA ◽  
TOMOKAZU MATSUMURA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Febrile Neutropenia ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cytochromes P450 ◽  
Cyp3a4 Activity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cyp3a4 Inhibitors ◽  
Concomitant Medications ◽  
Main Factor

Background/Aim: Docetaxel (DTX) is metabolized by liver cytochromes P450 (CYP) 3A4 (CYP3A4) and 3A5 (CYP3A5) CYP3A4 activity is considered the main factor affecting the effectiveness in DTX clearance. We, therefore, explored the association between DTX-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) and concomitant polypharmacy involving CYP3A4 inhibitors in cancer patients. Patients and Methods: Among patients who received docetaxel, we compared the number of concomitant medications between patients with and without FN, and risk factors associated with FN were identified. Results: The total number of concomitant CYP3A4 inhibitors and substrates used was significantly higher in patients with FN [mean: 2.1 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.5-2.9)] than in those without FN [mean: 1.4 (95% CI=1.0-1.8)] (p=0.01). The only risk factor for FN was the use of ≥2 concomitant CYP3A4 inhibitors and substrates in total (OR=4.82, 95% CI=1.77-14.1; p=0.002). Conclusion: Polypharmacy involving CYP3A4 inhibitors and substrates increases the risk of DTX-induced FN.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Associated Risk Factors among Indigenous Breeds of Goats in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaolu T. Olufemi ◽  
Danjuma B. Dantala ◽  
Paul A. Shinggu ◽  
Umesi A. Dike ◽  
Gbeminiyi R. Otolorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
La Jolla

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wukari, Taraba state, Nigeria, to determine the prevalence of Brucella antibodies and the risk factors associated with brucellosis in indigenous breeds of goats. A total of 386 goats were sampled from three political wards: Puje, Avyi, and Hospital: harvested sera samples were subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). GraphPad Prism version 7.03 for Windows (GraphPad Software, La Jolla California, USA) was used to analyse the association between seroprevalence of brucellosis and age, sex, breed, location, and management system by using Chi square and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Brucellosis was detected in all three wards: Puje; 15%, Avyi; 6.6%, and Hospital; 7.6%. A prevalence rate of 2.8%, 8%, 18.7%, and 1% was recorded for <20-month, 22-35-month, 36-45-month, and ≥46-55-month age categories, respectively (P < 0.05). Only 9.5% was observed for male animals while 9.8% was observed for female animals with no statistical difference between the males and females. Breed-specific seroprevalence yielded 7.4%, 5.4% 12%, 12.8%, and 11.6%, for Cross, West Africa Dwarf, Red Sokoto, Kano Brown, and Sahel breeds of goat, respectively. There is an evidence of brucellosis (9.6%) in Wukari L.G.A, Taraba State, and age is a risk factor for the disease in the study area. There is a need to enlighten the public on the zoonotic potentials and economic impacts of brucellosis.

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