scholarly journals Main definitions of decentralization definition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
Oleh Zolotonosha
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Physical Control ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Technical Capacity

The article explores the scientific approaches to defining decentralization. It is analyzed what decentralization is, what is its purpose. The main possibilities are identified. It is emphasized that the benefits of decentralization are the implementation of differentiated policies, effective mobilization at the local level, namely: increasing interest, building partnerships and social cohesion, gaining experience and creating technical groups at the local level; greater flexibility in decision-making and management; possibility of direct physical control at the local level in addition to documentary control. The necessity and efficiency of decentralization are substantiated, through the implementation of reforms aimed at increasing the efficiency of activities of both central and local authorities, as well as creating favorable conditions for economic development. It has been determined that decentralization must necessarily support the functioning of democracy, the proper technical capacity of local self-government and the development of civil society and public organizations.

scholarly journals Women's Voices in Civil Society Organizations: Evidence from a Civil Society Mapping Project in Mali

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Bleck ◽  
Jessica Gottlieb ◽  
Katrina Kosec
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Organizational Capacity ◽  
Political Knowledge ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Technical Capacity

How does women's engagement in civil society organizations (CSOs) differ from that of men, and what factors predict women's willingness to hold the state accountable? We analyze these questions in the context of rural and urban Mali, leveraging face-to-face data collected as part of a civil society mapping project during February -- March 2020 and December 2020, and an in-depth survey conducted with leaders from a randomly-selected subset of these CSOs during January -- March 2021. First, we explore the characteristics of women's groups compared to other CSOs. Second, we explore their likelihood of sanctioning a hypothetical corrupt mayor. We use an embedded survey experiment to try to understand these groups' willingness to report on the mayor as well as the payments they expect to receive from the mayor in order to not share information about the mayor's corruption. We find that women in Mali are often highly organized at the local level---frequently in self-help groups or organizations related to gendered economic activities. However, these more economically-focused groupings of Malian women frequently do not translate into civic activity. They are not typically recognized by outside actors as viable CSOs that could incentivize better governance; their strong networks and group infrastructure represent untapped social capital. We also find that CSOs comprised of women have lower informational and technical capacity, especially due to lower levels of political knowledge, and incur a higher cost of sanctioning public officials---though they have greater mobilization capacity. Women's engagement in decision-making in the home also predicts one's CSO being more hierarchical and having greater technical capacity, as well as having higher expected transfers from the mayor---findings that do not vary with respondent or CSO gender. Turning to the extent to which women involved in CSOs are willing to sanction the state, we find that they are generally less willing than men to sanction, but become more likely when their CSO is less hierarchical, when their technical capacity is higher, and when their political knowledge is greater. However, priming their importance as a CSO (by telling them they were identified by well-connected citizens as being influential) actually reduces sanctioning---perhaps by making them fear that those recommending them will engage in reprisals. Overall, our findings provide useful evidence on the organizational capacity of women and how it is likely to affect the state.

scholarly journals Public Libraries in Multicultural Environment: Main Directions of Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene V. Chadnova
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Multicultural Environment

The article highlights the directions of library activities in multicultural environment. The author presents definition of multicultural environment and notes that public libraries become cultural and educational centres. The article considers the main tasks and directions of work of libraries in the multicultural environment. Among the tasks facing the libraries are the following: creation of conditions for intercultural and interconfessional dialogue, education of tolerant thinking among the younger generation, socio-cultural mediation between migrants and the local community, the promotion of social cohesion of Russian society. The main goal of the activities of libraries in multicultural environment is their involvement in the implementation of the state cultural and national policy. Therefore, the libraries consider their main task in preservation and development of ethnic cultures and languages of all peoples living in our country. The most common areas of work of libraries are organization of ethno-cultural mass events, development of multilingual collections, creation of multilingual electronic resources, cooperation with local authorities and government agencies, educational institutions, national and cultural associations and various public organizations, assistance in the process of adaptation of migrants and refugees to the conditions of new social environment, creation of language educational centres in libraries for all members of the local community, participation in sociological research, methodological support of library activities in multicultural environment. Annual analytical reports of public libraries over the last three years demonstrate the significant increase of their activities in multicultural environment. The article presents the results of survey of the Gasprinsky Republican Crimean Tatar Library on the topic: “Do you know the traditions of your people?” The author concludes that the activities of library in multicultural environment contributes to its development as a cultural and educational centre. Cooperation with local authorities, educational institutions, national cultural associations, public organizations testifies to the importance of libraries and their recognition as active participants in the process of social cohesion of Russian society.

A tale of two cities: Rescaling economic strategy in the North Midlands

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 836-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The North ◽  
Sharp Focus ◽  
East Midlands ◽  
Economic Strategies ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Policy Content

This paper addresses the implementation (or mediation) of industrial policy at the regional and local level in the northern sub-region of the English East Midlands. At the heart of both New Labour and Coalition Government policy on local and regional economic development was a simple proposition to the effect that if decision-making for economic development could be better aligned to ‘functional economic geographies’, better economic outcomes should result. The abolition of Regional Development Agencies and creation of Local Enterprise Partnerships brought this proposition into sharp focus. This paper explores the consequences of this shift in the spatial scale of decision making for the development process and policy content of place based economic strategies. Strategies produced for three ‘nested’ geographic areas in the north midlands are compared. An apparent tension between economic development and institutional trajectories is considered.

Is the societal dialogue at the local level the future of social dialogue?

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Yves Boulin ◽  
Ulrich Mückenberger
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Time ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Network Society ◽  
Social Dialogue ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Supranational Level

The modern ‘network society’ restructures the system of ‘voice’ as it has come down from the past. Decision-making is drifting away from particular plants, organisations and institutions, and is becoming fluid — whereas voice remains fixed to plants, organisations and institutions. The tentative thesis put forward in this article is that only both regional/local and global ‘voice networking’ may be capable of coping with the decision-making character of the network society. This leads to efforts to integrate, into the bargaining processes, also representatives of civil society — NGOs on a European and supranational level, various ‘stakeholders' on a local and regional level. This gives two new roles to social dialogue: it has to take place not only on a sectoral, but also on a territorial level (‘la négociation sociale territorialisée’); and it has to ‘open up’ towards the territorial stakeholders (‘le dialogue sociétal’). Local time policies are taken as an example for such a new function of territorial social dialogue.

scholarly journals Current problems of civil participation in the implementation of local government in Russia

Upravlenie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
S. S. Hamidov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Civil Participation

The main problems of the modern institution of civil participation in the implementation of local government in Russia have been analyzed in the article. Modern effective tools and processes, in the context of “civil participation” have been described. A number of issues and problems of formation of the institute of local government has been considered The democratic nature of the local government implies, the principle of transparency of the decisionmaking system at the local level and high level of trust of the population to local governments. Based on the study of processes, taking place in the country, as well as the analysis of scientific literature on civil pariticpation issue, the author highlights the factors, influencing the level of public confidence in the activities of local governments and the decision-making process by actors in the process of interaction between the authorities and society, in terms of ensuring the democratic nature of the local power.The aim of the analysis of the process of building the system of local government, under which social activity and civil participation in the implementation of the local government requires an interdisciplinary approach - to develop effective solutions and technologies of work with citizens, local authorities, that will lead to increased transparency in decision-making and enhance public confidence in the local authorities. In consideration, that developed institute of civil participation is a complex institution, which is an indicator of the democratic principle of organization of power, at the same time requiring a more thorough analysis of the type of relationship the actor process of interaction of authorities and society and their objectives, the author puts forward several theories, whereby you can ensure the effectiveness of the process of “participation”, in the context of mainstreaming, as described by the author.In the same way modern and effective tools and techniques have been described in the article, the application of which, according to the author, will lead to greater transparency in the work of local government authorities.

Flaws and Advantages of the Polish Local Self-Government in the 21st Century: Social Consultations at the Local Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
Edyta Sokalska
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Exchange Of Information ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Administrative Units

The purpose of the article is to present the Polish empire concerning the creation and development of local self-government in the post-communist political regime, and the development of some modern forms of social consultations, particularly at the local level. In many administrative units, it might be observed that the bonds between local societies and local authorities have been strengthened during the last years. Polish local self-governmental bodies develop some new forms and tools of communication. They provide municipalities with the freedom of participation in a decision-making process, and they give the opportunity to faster exchange of information and answers to the local problems.

INTERACTION WITH THE PUBLIC DURING IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SOCIAL PURPOSE OF AUTHORITIES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Serdiuk ◽  
◽  
Anatolii Sytnyk ◽  
Olena Pavlushenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Purpose ◽  
Interaction Interaction ◽  
Local Initiatives

The article summarizes the theoretical foundations of interaction of local authorities with the public. The prerequisites for building effective interaction between local authorities and the public have been clarified. According to the Constitution of Ukraine the rights of citizens to participate in the management of state affairs are defined. The essence of the concepts is substantiated: interaction, interaction of local self-government bodies with the public, public organizations, public council. The main features of interaction. The types of interaction with the public of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine have been identified and substantiated, functions of interaction of local authorities with the public are outlined. The most common forms of interaction of local governments with the public in the implementation of its social purpose: meetings of citizens, local initiatives, participation in public organizations, involvement in the decision-making process of self-organization of the population. An analysis of the activities of public organizations in Ukraine and Poltava region, which showed a significant decrease in Ukraine and increase in Poltava region. The volumes and sources of financing of public organizations are determined. Foreground areas of interaction of local authorities with the public have been formed, including: access to public information and satisfaction of citizens' requests for information, electronic voting, consultations, consideration of appeals,consideration of proposals of public councils. Expected results: increase of openness of activity of authorities, increase of level of transparency of process of their decision-making, strengthening of socially useful activity of territorial community.

scholarly journals The Role of Public Innovation Labs in Collaborative Governance—The Case of the Gipuzkoa Lab in the Basque Country, Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Unceta ◽  
Xabier Barandiaran ◽  
Natalia Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Public Sector Innovation

Public sector innovation labs have gained increasing importance as one of the material expressions of public sector innovation and collaborative governance to address complex societal problems. In the current international context, there are various experiences, interpretations, and applications of this concept with similarities and differences but all of them are based fundamentally on the establishment of new forms of participation and collaboration between governments and civil society. This paper aims to examine, through a case study, how policy innovation labs could play a prominent role in promoting decision-making at the local level in order to create a more sustainable public sector. To do this, this article focuses on an analysis of the “Gipuzkoa Lab”, a public innovation lab developed in the Gipuzkoa region located in the Basque Country, Spain, in order to confront future socio-economic challenges via an open participatory approach. An analysis of a pilot project to address worker participation, developed within this participatory process, indicates that these collaborative spaces have important implications for the formulation of public policies and can change public actions, yielding benefits and engaging citizens, workers, private companies and academics. This paper provides a contemporary approach to understanding good practice in collaborative governance and a novel process for facilitating the balance between the state and civil society, and between public functions and the private sphere, for decision-making. In particular, this case study may be of interest to international practitioners and researchers to introduce the increasingly popular concept of public sector innovation labs into debates of citizen participation and decision-making.

scholarly journals The role and place of public organizations in establishment and development of the elements of civil society in Russia in late XIX – XX centuries (on the example of Perm Governorate)

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-51
Author(s):  
Nikolay Alekseevich Nevostruev ◽  
Valentina Vyacheslavovna Lyadova
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Academic Communities ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Research ◽  
High Level ◽  
Favorable Conditions

This article, based on the new research paradigm of the history of post-reform Russia, gives assessment to the role of public organizations in the course of establishment of civil society as one of the crucial elements of this phenomenon, which is aimed at laying the groundwork for personal development. Perm Governorate became one of the leading centers of civil development; the events held under the full support of Zemstvo institutions and municipality received a nationwide coverage. Using the examples of the work of Ural medical institutions and academic communities, the author reveals the process of their gradual engagement into the civil society system, and elicits their civil potential. Attention is turned to the high level of social coverage of the events held by public organizations, which is associated with the peculiarities of their composition, with the leading role played by democratic elements of the participants. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that this article is first the within Ural historiography to give assessment to the level of effectiveness of the delivered events, as well as determine the peculiarities of participation of Ural intelligentsia in the work of educational and enlightenment societies. Emphasis is made on the common features of public organizations, which allow assessing their work as a manifestation of own social activity, as well as formation of favorable conditions for personal development. The conclusion is substantiation on the significant influence of public organizations and associations on further development of the elements of civil society in Ural, creation of essential prerequisites for social development of the territories, and engagement of active social elements into the system of civil relations.

Making Black Lives Matter: Conjuring and Creative Place-Making in an Age of Austerity

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Lipsitz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Black People ◽  
Place Making ◽  
Black Artists ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Row Houses

In Houston’s Third Ward and Chicago’s Greater Grand Crossing neighborhood, Black artists and activists and their allies combine conjuring and creative place-making in projects that fuse economic development with deepened social cohesion. Like the Black Lives Matter movement, Project Row Houses in Houston and the Rebuild Foundation’s Stony Island Arts Bank in Chicago respond to the urgent needs of aggrieved communities in an era of austerity. They engage in practices, processes, and productions that hone and refine individual and collective capacities for finding value in undervalued places and, by extension, in undervalued people. They promote deliberative talk and face-to-face decision-making about the problems that Black people face. They set in motion dynamics that teach people to find something left to love in themselves and others in a society that can often make everyone feel unlovable. They envision and enact plans for reconstituting society and social relations from the bottom up on the basis of values directly antithetical to the dominant logics of racialized capitalism.

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