scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI TERTANGGUNG AKIBAT KECELAKAAN BERMOTOR DITINJAU DARI HUKUM POSITIF

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Edi Yanto ◽  
Imawanto Imawanto
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Premium Payment ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Insurance Program ◽  
The Government

This article discusses the issues related to frequent motorized vehicle accidents, causing losses to both motorists as the insured on Jasa Raharja insurance and to victims including the general public as the party when the loser is injured. Because most people or the insured do not understand their rights and obligations which are regulated in statutory regulations, including the form of legal protection provided by the State as a form of counter-achievement from the mandatory premium payment. This type of research uses normative legal research with a statutory approach. The results of the study, Forms of legal protection Legal protection for the insured due to motorized accidents in terms of positive law, that basically the State has been present in order to guarantee and provide legal protection for the public when a motorized accident occurs with an insurance program managed by State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) through PT. Jasa Raharja. Indeed, this insurance program is slightly different from insurance in general where the program is compulsory insurance which is carried out based on several laws and regulations stipulated by the Government. The administration of social insurance is a state agency or an organization under the authority and supervision of the state. In this case the state has the position of being the guarantor and at the same time as the ruler and manager of funds. Because it is insurance, the amount of premium payment is determined by the government and the payment is made at the same time as the motor vehicle tax payment.Keywords: protection; covered; accident; motorized. ABSTRAKArtikel ini membahas persoalan terikait sering terjadinya kecelakaan kendaraan yang bermotor, sehingga menimbulkan kerugian baik bagi pengendara selaku tertanggung pada asuransi Jasa raharja maupun bagi korban termasuk masyarakat umum selaku pihak ketika dirugikan. Kebanyakan masyarakat atau tertanggung selama ini tidak mengerti tentang hak dan kewajibannya yang sudah diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan termasuk bentuk perlindungan hukum yang diberikan oleh Negara sebagai wujud kontraprestasi dari pembayaran premi yang sifatnya wajib. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian, bentuk perlindungan hukum Perlindungan hukum bagi tertanggung akibat kecelakaan bermotor ditinjau dari hukum positif, bahwa pada dasarnya Negara telah hadir dalam rangka menjamin dan memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat ketika terjadi kecelakaan bermotor dengan program asuransi yang dikelolah oleh Badan Usaha milik Negara (BUMN) melalui PT. Jasa Raharja. Program asuransi ini sedikit berbeda dengan asuransi pada umumnya dimana programnya bersifat asuransi wajib yang dilakukan berdasarkan beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan yang ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah. Penyelenggaraan asuransi sosial oleh badan-badan negara atau suatu organisasi dibawah wewenang dan pengawasan negara. Dalam hal ini negara berkedudukan sebagai penanggung dan sekaligus sebagai penguasa dan pengelola dana. Karena sifatnya asuransi maka besarnya pembayaran premi ditentukan oleh pemerintah dan pembayarannya dilakukan pada saat bersamaan dengan pembayaran pajak kendaraan bermotor.

Sources of the recognition of belligerent status

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (192) ◽  
pp. 111-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Zorgbibe
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Sovereign Power ◽  
Equal Status ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Unilateral Action ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

“Whenever a large organized group believes it has the right to resist the sovereign power and considers itself capable of resorting to arms, war between the two parties should take place in the same manner as between nations…” This statement by de Vattel in the 19th century seemed destined to take its place as a part of positive law, constituting part of what was known as recognition of belligerency, tantamount to the recognition by the established government of an equal status for insurgents and regular belligerents. When a civil war became extensive enough, the State attacked would understand that it was wisest to acknowledge the existence of a state of war with part of the population. This would, at the same time, allow the conflict to be seen in a truer light. The unilateral action of the legal government in recognizing belligerency would be the condition for granting belligerent rights to the parties. It would constitute a demonstration of humanity on the part of the government of the State attacked and would also provide that government with prospects for effective pursuit of the war. By admitting that it was forced to resort to war, it would at least have its hands free to make war seriously.

scholarly journals Issue to the Legal Protection of the Use of the State Budget to Handling Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1168-1177
Author(s):  
Soesi Idayanti
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Financial Policies ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Government Grants ◽  
The Government ◽  
Precarious Situation

The Covid-19 pandemic, which impacted the health, social, and economic sectors as a non-natural disaster, led the President to make efforts to handle it with state financial policies by stipulating Perpu Number 1 of 2020. Budget misuse during the Covid-19 pandemic should be punishable by the death penalty because carried out when the state is facing a precarious situation; however, in Perpu No.1/2020, the Government grants immunity rights state budget managers. This legal immunity needs to be studied as a standard-issue regarding the state budget to overcome the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine the pandemic's impact on state finances and how Government policies are in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used a normative juridical approach with data obtained from the literature, and the results were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in the Government changing the output of the use of the state budget aimed at dealing with the pandemic and restoring the country's economic condition due to the pandemic; the legal solution is to stipulate Perpu Number 1 of 2020, which was then approved by the DPR and became Law Number 2 2020. At the technical, operational level, the Government has also issued various policy regulations as a follow-up to Law Number 2 of 2020, which is used as an effort to deal with precarious situations as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, such as fiscal policy stimulus, taxes, social assistance, and policies. Adjustment of regional finances. The problem that was considered urgent due to the Covid-19 pandemic led the Government to stimulate immunity in Law Number 2 of 2020. However, this immunity is given following the principle of good faith for users of state finances

scholarly journals LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CONSUMERS IN TRANSACTIONS FOR E-COMMERCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Bing Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Business World ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Subjects

The development of information and electronic technology every time becomes faster, supported by the great curiosity of humans to make information technology and electronics as daily consumption. Technology penetrated into the business world pampering the community with ease of accessibility through ecommerce systems. People enjoy buying and selling facilities through e-commerce, but most people forget that every thing has a positive and negative side. The majority of people enjoy the convenience and convenience of e-commerce to access and obtain the desired items, but not a few community members have become victims of e-commerce transactions. The government acting as a regulator has issued a lot of laws and regulations, but until now all forms of injustice, fraud, and even crime through ecommerce buying and selling have not been completely blocked. Institutions established specifically to defend disadvantaged consumers also do not yet have adequate specifications to protect disadvantaged consumers through e-commerce buying and selling. The capabilities and facilities possessed by law enforcement officers are still limited, there are still many perpetrators of injustice, fraud and crime in buying and selling e-commerce that are still moving and operating freely. Based on the reality of e-commerce buying and selling formulated a problem regarding how legal protection is actually for consumers in buying and selling e-commerce? What obstacles are faced by consumers to get legal protection in buying and selling e-commerce? How is the legal effort made by consumers who are disadvantaged in buying and selling ecommerce? Using positive law analyzed with reality that occurs in the community it can be concluded that e-commerce buying and selling is arguably a new thing so that it demands for the whole legal system and legal subjects to adapt to technological developments and the progress of civilization

scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Penghinaan Citra Tubuh (Body Shaming)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-541
Author(s):  
Ni Made Yeni Sukmawati ◽  
Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi Dewi ◽  
Ni Made Sukaryati Karma
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Victim Protection

Body Shaming is a term that is currently trending, where criticizing or commenting on someone's physical in a negative way or with speech that intends to mock or insult someone's physical or appearance falls into this category. Legal protection for victims of body shaming needs to get very serious attention in order to deal with the phenomena that are currently happening on social media in particular. This study examines the regulation of the criminal act of insulting body image (body shaming) in terms of positive law and explains the legal protection provided to victims in the crime of insulting body image (body shaming). This study uses a normative research method by applying the legislation approach which refers to primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The regulation of criminal acts of insulting body image (body shaming) in terms of positive law in general can be seen from the element of humiliation which is regulated in Chapter XVI of the Criminal Code and is grouped into 6 parts, namely from article 310 to article 318 and besides that, there are also other legal rules that regulate it implicitly in Article 27 paragraph (3). Article 45 paragraph (3) of the ITE Law. With sanctions in the form of criminal sanctions. The form of legal protection given to victims in the crime of body shaming is the making of policies by the State regarding prohibitions and strict sanctions for violators such as criminal sanctions and fines, through the established witness and victim protection institution

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI RSUD DR. MOEWARDI SURAKARTA TERHADAP KETERLAMBATAN PEMBAYARAN KLAIM OLEH BPJS KESEHATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Asna Zamharira ◽  
Arief Suryono
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Insurance Program ◽  
Health Insurance Program ◽  
The Government

<p>Abstract<br />This articles aims to find out how legal protection for health facilities is towards late payment of claims by BPJS Health. The research method used in writing this law is a normative juridical research method that is research that uses secondary data or literature that is supported by primary data in the field as supporting data. Analysis of data using qualitative analysis. The results of the study revealed that health services in implementing the Health Insurance program between RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta with BPJS Health is based on a collaboration agreement between RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta with BPJS Kesehatan about Advanced Level Referral Health Services for Participants in the Health Insurance Program, one of which is the contents of a cooperation agreement regarding the payment system of claims. The claim system is carried out by referring to the agreement. In the system of claims there were still obstacles that is the delay in the payment of claims by BPJS Kesehatan to the hospital. As a form of legal protection, to resolve the problem of late payment of claims made in accordance with the cooperation agreement and Perpres No. 82 Tahun 2018 concerning Health Insurance. The Government and BPJS Kesehatan are expected to be able to make claims payments in accordance with the terms or agreed cooperation agreements.<br />Keywords: Cooperation agreement; Claim; BPJS Kesehatan; Hospital.</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi fasilitas kesehatan tehadap keterlambatan pembayaran klaim oleh BPJS Kesehatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan hukum ini adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian yang menggunakan bahan-bahan hukum sekunder atau kepustakaan yang ditunjang dengan data primer di lapangan sebagai data pendukung. Data diolah dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pelayanan kesehatan dalam melaksanakan program Jaminan Kesehatan antara RSUD DR. Moewardi  Surakarta dengan BPJS Kesehatan didasarkan pada perjanjian kejasama antara RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta dengan BPJS Kesehatan tentang Pelayanan Kesehatan Rujukan Tingkat Lanjutan bagi Peserta Program Jaminan Kesehatan yang salah satu isi perjanjiannya mengenai sistem pembayaran klaim. Sistem pembayaran klaim dilakukan dengan berpedoman pada perjanjian kerjasama. Dalam sistem klaim masih ditemui hambatan yaitu terjadinya keterlambatan pembayaran klaim oleh BPJS Kesehatan kepada rumah sakit. Sebagai bentuk perlindungan hukum, untuk penyelesaian permasalahan keterlambatan pembayaran klaim dilakukan sesuai dengan perjanjian kerjasama dan Perpres No. 82 Tahun 2018 tentang Jaminan Kesehatan. Pemerintah dan BPJS Kesehatan diharapkan dapat melaksanan pembayaran klaim sesuai dengan ketentuan atau perjanjian kerjasama yang telah disepakati.<br />Kata Kunci: Perjanjian Kerjasam; Klaim; BPJS Kesehatan; Rumah Sakit.</p>

Alcohol and Politics in France

1957 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 976-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard E. Brown
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agency ◽  
The North ◽  
State Monopoly ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

“On jongle trop avec la structure d'un Pays qui a été, dans le monde, le défenseur de l'individu, de la liberté, du sens de la mesure. Un petit paysan sur sa terre, n'est-il pas humainement autre chose que le chômeur de demain ou l'ouvrier qui sera condamné à fabriquer toute sa vie des boulons?”Le Betteravier Français, September 1956, page 1.Large-scale state intervention in the alcohol market in France dates from World War I, when the government committed itself to encourage the production of alcohol. Two chief reasons then lay back of this decision: a huge supply of alcohol was needed for the manufacture of gunpowder, and the devastation of the beet-growing regions of the north had severely limited production of beet alcohol, thereby throwing the domestic market out of balance. A law of 30 June 1916, adopted under emergency procedure, established a state agency empowered to purchase alcohol. At the end of the war, a decree of 1919 accorded the government the right “provisionally” to maintain the state monopoly. In 1922 the beetgrowers and winegrowers gave their support to the principle of a state monopoly which, in effect, reserved the industrial market for beet alcohol and the domestic market for viticulture. In 1931 the state was authorized to purchase alcohol distilled from surplus wine.

scholarly journals Legal Issues in The Implementation of National Social Security System on Labour in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 03019
Author(s):  
Tedi Sudrajat ◽  
Siti Kunarti ◽  
Abdul Aziz Nasihuddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Safety Assurance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Security Benefits

The Social Security System in Indonesia has been regulated by the government, and the program is managed by an agency called Social Insurance Administration Organization (BPJS). Associated with the existence of social security functions for workers, its practice presents a gap between what is expected and what is regulated. For this reason, it is therefore necessary to examine, firstly, what kind of legal protection of workers is covered by this national social security system managed in BPJS program and, secondly, what constraints are encountered in its implementation. This research is Juridical Normative one, with normative qualitative data analysis. The research finds that the social security is correlated not only with the welfare of employees who are assessed by the level of wages provided by the organization, rather it is also correlated with other factors in the form of health and safety assurance. In the broader context, social welfare is measured not only when the person is at work and gets social security benefits, rather the measure of his welfare is also applicable when the worker is not working and/or when they retire. On the basis of these, the social security program is an integral aspect of social security to which the government should give a legal protection.

scholarly journals KEMASLAHATAN DALAM PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN DAN PELAKU USAHA MELALUI MEKANISME PENETAPAN HARGA OLEH NEGARA

JURISDICTIE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Mhd Erwin Munthe
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Retail Price ◽  
The State ◽  
Unfair Competition ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
The Government

<p>In business competition there are often monopolistic activities which result in high prices for the game of business actors. This makes consumers uneasy because they do not get varied prices and fair prices, while for small business actors they do not have competitive ability. The existence of monopolistic practices and unfair competition is not in line with the constitution. Because the 1945 Constitution mandates that the national economy must be carried out by promoting people’s welfare. Therefore, the presence of the government is very necessary to realize the ideals mandated by the constitution and legislation. This study aims to analyze the mechanism and criteria for pricing by the state. The result is providing legal protection to consumers and other business actors, the government sets the highest retail price and the lowest retail price and provides subsidies to imported products that control the livelihoods of many people. This effort is carried out to realize mutual benefit between producers and consumers.</p><p>Dalam persaingan usaha sering terdapat kegiatan-kegiatan monopoli yang mengakibatkan tingginya harga atas permainan pelaku usaha. Hal ini membuat kegelisahan konsumen karena tidak mendapatkan harga yang variatif dan wajar, sedangkan bagi pelaku usaha kecil tidak memiliki kemampuan bersaing. Adanya praktik monopoli dan persaingan tidak sehat ini tidaklah sejalan dengan konstitusi. Karena UUD 1945 mengamanatkan bahwa perekonomian nasional harus dijalankan dengan mengedepankan kesejahteraan rakyat. Oleh karenanya, kehadiran pemerintah sangat diperlukan untuk mewujudkan cita-cita yang diamanatkan konstitusi dan peraturan perUndang-Undangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mekanisme dan kriteria penetapan harga oleh negara. Sementara metodenya penelitian doktrinal dalam bentuk penelitian evaluatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perUndang-Undangan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa dalam memberikan perlindungan hukum kepada konsumen dan pelaku usaha lainnya, pemerintah menetapkan harga eceran tertinggi dan harga eceran terendah serta memberikan subsidi pada produk-produk impor yang menguasai hajat hidup orang banyak. Upaya ini dilakukan untuk mewujudkan kemaslahatan bersama antara produsen dan konsumen.</p>

scholarly journals Kayseri’de Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu (SSK) Tarafından Üretilen Konut Kooperatiflerinin Nicel Gelişimi (1950-1980) / Quantitative Development of Housing Cooperatives Produced by Social Insurance Institution in Kayseri (1950-1980)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
Beyza Onur ◽  
Burcu Ceylan Duggan
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Insurance Institution ◽  
Housing Cooperatives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>In the post-republic period in Turkey, due to the increase in the rate of industrialization and urbanization, the need for housing in the cities has come to the agenda. In this period, the incentives and investments provided by the state played an important role in eliminating this need by providing the production of housing cooperatives. Between the years of 1950-1980 in Kayseri; the period of industrialization in the city has accelerated and the population of the city has increased. Therefore, the housing need that emerged in Kayseri in this process has been tried to be solved through the state cooperatives produced by the state. In this context, this study aimed to document the housing cooperatives produced by the Social Insurance Institution between 1950-1980 in Kayseri and to examine the quantitative development of the cooperatives. Kayseri Kocasinan Municipality and Kayseri Melikgazi Municipality archives were scanned to make this examination. As a result of the findings, it has been determined that the government has long been involved in the production of housing cooperatives within the economic plans and that the housing cooperatives have increased in quantity and Kayseri has contributed to the spatial development of the city by adding to the housing stock. In addition, in this study, researching housing cooperatives in Kayseri's architectural environment; it is thought that it will help to introduce the politics of generating housing in Turkey.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet sonrası dönemde, sanayileşme ve kentleşme hızının artmasına bağlı olarak kentlerde konut ihtiyacı gündeme gelmiştir. Bu dönemde devlet tarafından sağlanan teşvik ve yatırımlar, konut kooperatiflerinin üretilmesini sağlayarak bu ihtiyacın giderilmesinde önemli rol oynamıştır. Çalışmanın kapsamı olan Kayseri’de 1950-1980 yılları arası; kentte sanayileşme sürecinin hızlandığı ve kentli nüfusun arttığı dönem olmuştur. Bu nedenle bu süreçte Kayseri’de ortaya çıkan konut ihtiyacı, devlet eli ile üretilen konut kooperatifleri üzerinden giderilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma, Kayseri’de 1950-1980 yılları arasında Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu (SSK) tarafından üretilen konut kooperatiflerini belgelemeyi ve kooperatiflerin nicel gelişimini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu incelemeyi yapabilmek için Kayseri Kocasinan Belediyesi ve Kayseri Melikgazi Belediyesi arşivleri taranmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda, devletin ekonomik planları dâhilinde konut kooperatifi üretimine uzun süre yer verildiği ve bu sayede konut kooperatiflerinin nicel olarak arttığı ve Kayseri’nin konut stokuna önemli oranda eklenerek kentin mekânsal gelişimine katkıda bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada Kayseri’nin mimarlık ortamındaki konut kooperatiflerini araştırmanın; Türkiye’de bir döneme ait konut üretme politikasının tanıtılmasına yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir.</p>

scholarly journals Equality before the Law Principle and the Legal Aid for the Poor: An Indonesian Insight

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-536
Author(s):  
Khoirum Lutfiyah
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Aid ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Basic Rights ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

Legal aid is something that is given by the state to people who are unable to get justice and their basic rights before the law. The state has an obligation to protect every citizen, especially legal protection for the poor or the poor. To ensure this protection, the government forms a law which can help the underprivileged or poor in dealing with the legal problems they experience. With the existence of the Law on Advocacy, the Law on Legal Aid, as well as the existence of this Legal Aid Institute, it is hoped that it will be able to reduce the burden on what people experience before the law, especially related to the costs of legal aid.

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