scholarly journals Prospects for Trade and Economic Cooperation between the Kingdom of Morocco and the Republic of Azerbaijan

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
S. Gacim
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Current State ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
Simultaneous Existence ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Virtual Platform

The article examines the current trends and prospects for trade and economic cooperation between the Kingdom of Morocco and the Republic of Azerbaijan. The author considers the factors that determine the current state of bilateral trade and economic cooperation. It has been established that in modern conditions, the importance of the Azerbaijan Republic as an international economic partner of the Kingdom of Morocco is growing, which is due to the increasing role of Azerbaijan in the world economy through energy supplies. On the basis of statistical data of the two countries, a comparative analysis of foreign trade of the Kingdom of Morocco with the Republic of Azerbaijan and foreign trade of the Republic of Azerbaijan with the Kingdom of Morocco has been conducted for the period from 2009 to 2016. The paradox, which is the simultaneous existence of a positive balance in the bilateral trade of each of the countries being studied, has been revealed and explained. It has been proved that trade relations between the two countries are fragile. The problem of intermediaries in trade operations between the two countries has been underlined. The author concludes that the level of development of bilateral trade and economic cooperation of the Kingdom of Morocco with the Republic of Azerbaijan is low and there is a need to introduce appropriate organizational mechanisms for its development. Promising areas of bilateral trade and economic cooperation have been identified, for the revitalization of which the creation of an interactive virtual platform “Economic Cooperation between the Kingdom of Morocco and the Republic of Azerbaijan” has been proposed.

scholarly journals The prospects of the economic cooperation of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Korea amidst the expanding trade wars in the modern world

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
S. S. Serafimovna ◽  
S. E. Andreevna
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Trade Wars

Introduction. The paper is devoted to the review of the current state of economic cooperation between Russia and the Republic of Korea under the influence of the main trends in the development of the world economy in 2019. There is presented the analysis of the achieved results of Russian-Korean cooperation, taking into account the complications of the internal economic situation in each country. The prospects of development of mutual economic cooperation in the context of continuing unfavorable trends of protectionism and trade wars in the world are assessed.Materials and methods. The study uses expert, statistical and comparative analysis, analysis of the empirical data, as well as the methods of induction, deduction, analogy, generalization.Results. As a result of the analysis, the key features of economic cooperation between Russia and the Republic of Korea at the present stage were identified, an assessment of the current state of trade and investment relations between the two countries is given; the prospects of further development of bilateral trade and economic relations are analyzed with consideration to the foreign policy factors and the situation in the world economy.Discussion and conclusion. As the presented study showed, at present the most important sphere of interaction between countries is foreign trade. Traditionally, bilateral trade is the determinant in the relations between Russia and the Republic of Korea. The urgent task for both countries is to formulate a coordinated strategy for the long-term economic cooperation taking into account the challenges that the global and national economies face, and to achieve the level of “strategic partnership” in the bilateral relations in the near future.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE KINGDOM OF DENMARK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Current State ◽  
Positive Balance

The current state of bilateral relations between Ukraine and the Kingdom of Denmark is determined. The structure and volume of trade relations between the countries are analyzed. It is established that the main share of bilateral trade and economic relations between the countries is international trade. Ukraine has a constant positive balance in service trade, the main of which are: services for processing material resources, services in the field of telecommunications, computer and information services, transportation services, business services. Imports of services is dominated by: transport services, business services, royalties and other services related to the use of intellectual property, telecommunications service, computer and information services and travel services. In bilateral trade in goods, volume of imports predominate over exports, and Danish imports are represented by goods such as: live products, inert gases with hydrogen, and minerals. In addition, imports include finished food products, textiles, as well as equipment and vehicles. The main part of Ukrainian merchandise exports consists of: cereals, textiles and furniture, clothing, machinery and nuclear reactors, as well as wood and wood products. Emphasis is placed on the development of investment cooperation between the countries. The dynamics, structure, volume and forecast of direct investment from Denmark into the economy of Ukraine are given. The most attractive areas for Danish investors are agriculture and fisheries, industry, textiles, clothing, leather, leather and other materials products, wholesale and retail. The one-sided nature of investment cooperation has been identified, which indicates the lack of interest of Ukrainian investors in economic projects in Denmark. Attention is paid to the support of the Kingdom of Denmark to Ukraine approaching European integration and full membership in the European Union. Promising areas of bilateral trade and economic cooperation are identified: military, scientific and technical, humanitarian, cultural. Emphasis is placed on the inconsistency of economic cooperation between Ukraine and the Kingdom of Denmark in their potential opportunities both in qualitative and quantitative terms.

The development of trade relations between the Republic of Cyprus and the Soviet Union (1960-1963)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Argyrios Tasoulas
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
International Crises ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus

This article studies the development of Soviet-Cypriot trade relations in 1960-63, based on research at the Archives of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation (AVP RF). Concurrently, a historical analysis follows the events after the creation of the new Cypriot state and the two major Cold War crises (the building of the Berlin wall and the Cuban missile crisis). The efforts made by both governments to develop bilateral trade, the aftermath of the two major international crises and the results of the two governments’ policies have been identified and analyzed.

scholarly journals Turkey - Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization: Foreign Trade Relations during the 1996-2012 Period

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cemal Ardıl
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Trade Volume ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Heads Of State

This paper presents the regional economic relations between Turkey and Black See Economic Cooperation Organization (BSEC). The Heads of State and Government of eleven countries: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Turkey and Ukraine signed the Summit Declaration and the Bosphorus Statement giving birth to the Black Sea Economic Cooperation on 25 June 1992, in Istanbul. On 5 June 1998, the Heads of State or Government signed the BSEC Charter, came into force on 1 May 1999 BSEC has evolved into an international regional organization for economic cooperation. The organization has 12 members since Serbia joining the organization in 2004. It came into existence as a unique and promising model of multilateral political and economic initiative aimed at fostering interaction and harmony among the Member States, as well as to ensure peace, stability and prosperity encouraging friendly and good-neighbourly relations in the Black Sea region. Countries bordering the Black Sea, Balkan and Caucasus formed the BSEC countries cover an area of approximately 20 million square kilometer and represent more than 350 million people. The region with the foreign trade volume of U.S. $ 300 billion per year draws attention to the rich natural resources; and is the main European energy and transport corridor transfer. The Black Sea region is a contested neighbourhood and the subject of intense debates and conflicts in the globe. Also, this reflects the changing dynamics of the Black Sea region, its complex realities, the interests of outsiders and the region’s relations with the rest of the globe. Moreover, its strategic position, linking north to south and east to west, as well as its oil, gas, transport and trade routes are all important reasons for its increasing relevance. Turkey's foreign trade volume with BSEC member countries is steadily increasing as per the findings over the period of 1996-2012.

scholarly journals РЕСПУБЛИКА БУРЯТИЯ В РОССИЙСКО-МОНГОЛЬСКОЙ ТОРГОВЛЕ

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
В. О. Намжилова
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Business Ties

В статье представлен анализ динамики внешнеторговых связей Республики Бурятия с Монголией за последнее десятилетие. Рассмотрено как участие региона в формировании российско-монгольского товарооборота, так и место Монголии во внешнеторговых связях республики. В товарной структуре региональной торговли с Монголией обозначен тренд расширения номенклатуры экспорта и импорта, главным образом за счёт продуктов питания. Отмечается вовлечение во внешнеторговые связи малого и среднего бизнеса при поддержке региональных властей. Отдельно рассмотрена транспортно-логистическая среда в Республике Бурятия, где консолидируется значительная часть следующих в Монголию грузов со всех российских регионов. Ключевые слова: российско-монгольская торговля, Республика Бурятия, Монголия, экспорт продуктов питания; развитие деловых связей, автомобильные и железнодорожные грузоперевозки. The article presents the analysis of the dynamics of foreign trade relations between the Republic of Buryatia and Mongolia over the past decade. Both the participation of the region in the formation of the Russian-Mongolian trade turnover and the place of Mongolia in the republic's foreign trade relations have been reviewed. In the commodity structure of regional trade with Mongolia, there is a trend towards expanding the range of exports and imports, mainly due to food products. Involvement of small and medium-sized businesses in foreign trade with the support of regional authorities is noted. The transport and logistics environment in the Republic of Buryatia is considered separately; a significant part of cargoes arriving from all Russian regions is consolidated here. Keywords: Russian-Mongolian trade, the Republic of Buryatia, Mongolia, export of food products, development of business ties, road and rail freight.

scholarly journals “Path-Dependency” Effect in Japan-U.S. Trade

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Z. Podoba ◽  
V. Gorshkov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
The United States ◽  
Path Dependency ◽  
Trade Negotiations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The U.S

The paper addresses current issues in Japan-U.S. foreign trade following the signing of the Japan-U.S. Trade Agreement and the Japan-U.S. Agreement on Digital Trade in October 2019. By providing an overview of Japan-U.S. trade relations, analyzing current trends in bilateral foreign trade and outlining basic terms of new bilateral agreements, the authors conclude that “path-dependency” in Japan-U.S. contemporary foreign trade persists and trade relations between the two countries are to a greater extent influenced by the U.S. trade policy which aims to assure a broader access of American companies to Japanese markets – the situation that was typical for bilateral trade relations since the 1980s. “Path-dependency” in Japan-U.S. trade relations, conventionally categorized by the existence of numerous trade contradictions, is pronounced in the unchanged goals, strategy and tactics of foreign trade negotiations. The United States maintains its “attacking” role and dominates in the bilateral trade negotiations, while Japan, despite its enhancing influence in the multilateral trading system and regional trade agreements, is forced to “self-defend” and make concessions to a more dominant partner in order to maintain its automobile exports to the United States at the expense of its national interests in other industries, particularly in the agricultural sector. Thus, new trade agreements are unlikely to cause significant structural changes in Japan-U.S. bilateral trade in the shortterm as the problem of persistent trade deficits remains. In order to break the vicious circle of “path-dependency” Japan is to actively cooperate with the economies of the European Union which have large amounts of trade deficits with the U.S., can serve as a mediator in the U.S. – China trade conflicts, as well with other Asian countries via mega-FTAs which possess potential risks to the United States. Further development of foreign trade cooperation will depend on the initiatives of new governments in both countries.

scholarly journals MOLDOVAN EXTERNAL TRADE WITH EU, CIS AND OTHER COUNTRIES: ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-70
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
The European Union ◽  
External Trade ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Physical Volume ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Laspeyres Index

The foreign trade of a state represents a determinant in assessing its economic statute among the neighbours and in the whole world. Actuality of the studied topic is determined by the changing trade relations that the Republic of Moldova is passing through in the last years. Republic of Moldova holds the necessary criteria for becoming a competitive country in the region in terms of the manufactured and marketed goods. The aim of the study is to evaluate the foreign trade of the Republic of Moldova, by emphasizing the main traded groups of products, trade partners as well as to analyze the average price index and physical volume index of imports and exports. The paper also comes with an analysis of re-export and re-import, which represent a peculiarity for our country’s trade pattern. Research methods that have been used within the paper are the following: analogy, systemic approach, statistical and scientific analysis, Laspeyres index method. The obtained results focus on the recovery of the foreign trade between 2015 and 2017 with higher revival rates of exports, and a growing reorientation of exports towards the European Union and other countries markets.

scholarly journals Analysis of the impact of tariff preferences on the foreign trade of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Serbia

Upravlenie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
D. E. Barsegyan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the dynamics and structure of foreign trade of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Serbia, as well as the impact of tariff preferences on foreign trade between two countries. The analysed measures were: dynamics of the Russian Federation’s exports to the Republic of Serbia, dynamics of the Russian Federation’s imports from the Republic of Serbia, tariff preferences applied between countries. The article provides statistical data on the dynamics and structure of foreign trade of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Serbia for 2010–2019 and their dependence on the application of tariff preferences, as well as indicators of trade between the EAEU and the EAEU member states with the Republic of Serbia for 2017–2019. The paper analyses the possible directions of Serbia’s participation in the EAEU and the European Union, assesses the benefits of creating a free trade zone between the EAEU and Serbia, as well as the costs of Serbia’s integration into the European Union. The importance of tariff preferences in the development of foreign trade relations between Russia and Serbia is shown.

scholarly journals Trade and economic relations between Russia and the Netherlands: formation and development

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
A. I. Makarov ◽  
E. A. Rubinchik ◽  
M. A. Kladkin
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Industrial Cooperation ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
National Leaders ◽  
The Russian Empire

Successful development of mutual trade and economic ties between Russia and the Netherlands has been lasting for centuries. In ancient times, when both states were actively developing, vessels loaded with various goods were already cruising between their shores; while national leaders were building bilateral trade policy. The development of cooperation reached its peak during the time of Peter the Great, when the Russian Empire carried out industrialization by entering into a full-scale international industrial cooperation with its historical partner. Participation of the Russian state in the development of trade and economic relations with the Netherlands took different shapes depending on the current needs and capabilities of the country. However, specially authorized envoys who carried out their functions on the territory of the Netherlands played exclusively important role in it, whether they were representatives of the Ministry of Trade and Industry of Tsarist Russia in Rotterdam or the People's Commissariat for Foreign Trade in the pre-war years. October 1945, when the Trade Representation opened its doors in Amsterdam, marked the new chapter in the history of trade relations between two countries. Historical review of the activities conducted by the Trade Mission in one of the world's TOP economically developed countries of the world over the 75-year period is demanded for providing advice in respect to setting up of strategic plans for the development of foreign trade in terms of exports, deepening international industrial cooperation and faster adaptation to the requirements by foreign markets. 

scholarly journals Foreign Trade of the European Union : Dominant Fluctuations

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Gladkov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
The United States ◽  
Trade Association ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Commodity Trade ◽  
International Commodity ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
The Eu

The article analyzes the most important changes that have taken place over the past five years in the dynamics and geographical structure of foreign trade relations of the European Union (EU) as the largest entity in the system of modern international commodity trade. It is shown that, despite such rather unfavorable external factors as the increase in general turbulence in world commodity trade, the expansion of the zone of protectionist and sanctions measures, trade conflicts, the EU was able to maintain its dominant position in international commodity exchange. At the same time, the European Union has pushed the main competitors, as the latest statistics show a significant decrease in the share of the North American free trade Association (NAFTA, consisting of the United States, Canada, Mexico) and Japan in international exports. Continuing to pursue a balanced foreign trade policy, the EU used its traditional instruments not only to increase its activity in general and outside the European region, but also to maintain a positive balance of foreign trade. In addition, there are hopes for the resumption of goodneighbourly trade relations between the European Union and the Russian Federation, which have been complicated in recent years by the introduction and extension of sanctions measures by the EU and Russia's response. The author presents new statistical materials, numerous calculated data, for the first time introduced into the domestic scientific circulation.

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