scholarly journals The first steps in the earth aerospace remote sensing in the Institute of Geography RAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
D. S. Asoyan
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Global Space ◽  
Thematic Mapping ◽  
First Results ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ice Resources ◽  
Space Image

Fifty years ago, in the autumn of 1968, experiments on interpretation of the first Soviet global space image made by ‘Zond-5’ automatic spacecraft and of American space images from Gemini III, IV, V piloted spacecrafts were carried out for the first time in the USSR. The aim of these experiments was the study of possibilities to use satellite images in geomorphology and geography. The first results demonstrated high value of space images for geomorphological research for the studies of morphostructures and morphosculptures of various genesis, the discovery of a 2500 km long lineament in Sahara; real time-related transitive borders of latitudinal landscape zones in Africa were indicated for the first time. It was suggested that satellite images could be applied for the studies of various geological structures, seismicity, volcanic activity, global and regional zones of jointing as well as for thematic mapping. Thanks to these studies a new Department of Satellite-related Geography was established at the Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Later on, studies were carried out at the Institute’s Department of Satellite-related Geography in order to find application possibilities of TV multispectral scanned and photographic satellite images for thematic research and mapping. The first conclusions were confirmed in the course of further studies in the field of aerospace remote sensing in Russia and abroad; their results were summarized in two fundamental atlases published under the auspices of the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IGRAS): “Resources and Environment World Atlas” (1998) and “World Atlas of Snow and Ice Resources” (1997). Up to date, methods of aerospace remote sensing continue to be applied successfully at IGRAS for geomorphological studies and for resolving of environmental problems in physical and human geography.

scholarly journals Determining and Monitoring the Water Quality of Kizilirmak River of Turkey: First Results

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-7/W3 ◽  
pp. 1469-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ö. Gürsoy ◽  
A. C. Birdal ◽  
F. Özyonar ◽  
E. Kasaka
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
First Results ◽  
First Time

Water resources are getting more and more important with each passing day in case of survival of humanity. For this reason, assessing water resources’ quality and also monitoring them have attracted lots of attention in the recent years. Remote sensing has been growing widely in the last decade and its resources are very usable when it comes to water resources management. In this study, by using remote sensing technology, satellite images that have 350 to 1050 nanometres wavelength band sensors (e.g. CHRIS Proba) are used to determine the quality of the Kizilirmak River’s water. Kizilirmak River is born and also pours out to sea in country limits of Turkey. It is the longest river of the country by the length of 1355 kilometres. Through the river’s resources, ground based spectral measurements are made to identify the quality differences of the water at the test spots that have been determined before. In this context at Imranli, where the river contacts civilization for the first time, which is located in Sivas city of Turkey, samples are gathered in order to do ground based spectroradiometer measurements. These samples are gathered simultaneously with the image acquiring time of CHRIS Proba satellite. Spectral signatures that are obtained from ground measurements are used as reference data in order to classify CHRIS Proba satellite’s hyperspectral images over the study area. Satellite images are classified based on Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Turbidity and Electrical Conductivity (EC) attributes. As a result, interpretations obtained from classified CHRIS Proba satellite hyperspectral images of the study area are presented.

scholarly journals Adaptive methods of detecting environmental changes using multispectral satellite images on the Earth for example territory Solotvyno

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Yakimchuk ◽  
Kostiantyn Sukhanov ◽  
Olha Tomchenko
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Adaptive Methods ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Space Images ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Multispectral Satellite Images ◽  
The Village ◽  
Space Image

The methods for detecting environmental changes using two multispectral multispectral space images of the Earth, which can be used to assess changes in the ecological and geological environment to control the dynamics of processes in real time, in order to prevent environmental emergencies. The creation and operation of a system of continuous geoecological monitoring based on space information involves the detection of relative changes in the environment on two multispectral space images of the Earth, obtained after a certain period of time. To do this, it is necessary to develop and apply adaptive methods (indices) for detecting relative changes. Three methods are proposed that are adapted to specific images to find the optimal solution that maximizes the relative changes in two different time multispectral space images of the Earth. The first method selects one optimal channel from all channels of the space image, the second method - two optimal channels from all channels and the third - four optimal channels from all channels. There are known methods that assess the presence or absence of changes in two space images at different times, but they do not provide information about the direction of changes. The proposed indices can take positive and negative values, reflecting the trend of changes on the ground. The negative values of the indices obtained in the area near the village of Solotvyno, Tyachiv district, Zakarpattia region, correspond to the areas with the most dynamic changes in the environment of such exogenous processes as karst funnels and lakes, and positive values correspond to increasing vegetation areas. The results of comparing the application of the change detection index on two different multispectral space images of the Earth on four, two channels and one channel showed that increasing the number of channels can give a more reasonable picture of changes, but to concretize these changes requires ground-based observations.

scholarly journals Monitoring surging glaciers of the Pamirs, central Asia, from space

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.M. Kotlyakov ◽  
G.B. Osipova ◽  
D.G. Tsvetkov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Initial Information ◽  
Unstable Regime ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Ice Velocity ◽  
Velocity Changes ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

AbstractThe evolution of surging glaciers of the Pamirs, central Asia, has been studied using repeat remote-sensing surveys in the Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, since the early 1970s. We use images obtained from national Resurs-F satellites (1972–91), as well as Landsat 7 and Terra (1999–2006), to provide a basis for monitoring of surging glaciers, aimed at developing their inventory, studying the causes and mechanisms of surges and examining the timing and extent of glacial catastrophes. The inventory from the early 1990s allows identification of 215 glaciers with a dynamically unstable regime. We discovered 51 surging glaciers. Up until 2006, 10 more surges had occurred. We use stereoscopic deciphering and photogrammetric processing of consecutive satellite images to study the morphology and ice-velocity changes of several compound surging glaciers. We analyze the results of monitoring of Bivachny and Oktyabr’sky glaciers from 1972 to 1991 and Sugran glacier from 1972 to 2006. Two surges of Sugran glacier occurred during this time: an internal surge in 1976–80, and a surge with glacier tongue advance as far as 4.5 km in 2000–05. The role of damming in compound glacier systems is examined. Satellite-based monitoring is now the only method for obtaining initial information about the state and fluctuations of such glaciers.

scholarly journals Digital processing of space images using global filtering in the frequency area

2021 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Valeriy Tutatchikov ◽  
Mikhail Noskov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fast Fourier Transform ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Image Filtering ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Frequency Area

In modern systems, remote sensing widespread two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT) for processing satellite images and the subsequent image filtering. In this paper we consider the possibility of using combinations of high and low frequency filters to improve global images terrestrial surface.

scholarly journals SOFTWARE FOR AUTOMATION OF SPACE IMAGE RECOGNITION

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Myasoedov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Image Recognition ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Automated Recognition ◽  
Data Services ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Space Image

The article discusses the main universal systems for working with remote sensing data - services that provide software for automated recognition of urban infrastructure objects in space images. The functions that these products can perform and their structure are considered.

scholarly journals Works of the Marine Hydrophysical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the field of remote sensing of seas and oceans (to the 90th anniversary of the institute)

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 16003
Author(s):  
Pavel P. Yermolov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
General Characteristic ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Marine Hydrophysical Institute ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
90Th Anniversary ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time

The report considers a brief history and the most important results of the Department of Remote Methods of Research of the Marine Hydrophysical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Information is given about the founder of the institute, Academician V. V. Shuleikin (1895–1979), the director of the institute in 1974–1985 and the founder of the direction “satellite hydrophysics”, Academician B. A. Nelepo (1932–2007). For the first time, the information about one of the founders of the radiophysical methods of remote sensing of the ocean, a representative of the Kharkov scientific school V. V. Pustovoytenko (1946–2015), who worked in Sevastopol for the last forty years of his life and devoted scientific work to the development of satellite hydrophysics, was first introduced into scientific circulation. The general characteristic of the Institute’s work in the field of satellite oceanology is given, and the most significant results associated with the operation of the Kosmos-1500 spacecraft, as well as the specifics of the TPO-05 program and the Veyer-6 project, are considered.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing of the Earth as a Method of Assessing Environmental Quality of Urban Areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
S.A. Yeprintsev ◽  
O.V. Klepikov ◽  
S.V. Shekoyan
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Space Images ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Voronezh Region

Introduction: Spatial zoning of an urban area by the level of anthropogenic burden using land-based research methods is very time-consuming. Since the end of the 20th century, the usage of the Earth remote sensing (ERS) techniques has served as their more efficient alternative. The study objectives included geoinformation zoning and evaluation of the level of technogenic changes in the areas according to NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) values. Materials and methods: The cities of the Voronezh Region and their suburban ten-kilometer territories were chosen as the study objects. For the spatial analysis of the area of anthropogenically modified territories based on the example of the cities of the Voronezh Region we created an archive of multichannel satellite images taken by the Landsat-7 and Landsat-8 satellites. The data were borrowed from the Website of the US Geological Survey. Space images were grouped by two periods (the years of 2001 and 2016). Depending on NDVI values, territories with high and low anthropogenic burden, natural framework zones, and water bodies were distinguished. Results: We established that the smallest percentage of areas of the natural framework and their poor location was observed in the city of Voronezh. The largest area occupied by the natural framework was identified within the town of Borisoglebsk. This fact is attributed to the sensible policy of ensuring environmental and hygienic safety of the population implemented by the regional and municipal authorities. Discussion: At present, it is still impossible to fully use space monitoring data to assess health risks of technogenic factors; they can only be used simultaneously with ground monitoring that includes instrumental and laboratory monitoring of environmental quality indicators within the framework of the socio-hygienic monitoring. Conclusions: The analysis of changes in the proportion of areas with a high anthropogenic burden relative to the natural framework performed using satellite images taken in 2001 and 2016 showed an increase in the technogenic burden on the urban environment.

The analysis of principles constructions of space images geometry and mathematical models of its processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 928 (10) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
V.F. Chekalin ◽  
S.L. Korneev
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Condition Numbers ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Fundamental Idea ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Rigorous Model ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Space Image

In this article essential principles of constructing geometry of contemporary space images with the purpose of definitions their common regularity and distinctions of generations’ inner photogrammetric relations and then – mathematical models, expedients for securing of strict processing are considered. It is significant, that scanning survey is the general case/way, but strip and panoramic surveys are particular cases. For the first time it was established, that under solving the problem of photogrammetric resection for scanner images on the basis of using dependences of well-known collinearity models the ambiguity of external orientation of images arises. The basic reason of its arising is discovered and established, by way of which it is determined poor domain the systems of initial equations’ corrections. A rigorous model of a push broom space image is introduced, which incorporates both a static a photogrammetric model and a dynamic one. The static model gives the only mean position and orientation of image, meanwhile the dynamic one makes them more exact. The table of condition numbers (cond A) of initial equations’ correction linear system is given and it confirms the fundamental idea of this article. A practical way of solving this problem is indicated for cases of using source data, both outboard measurements and control points.

scholarly journals Urban growth trends in Riyadh (2020 – 2010 – 2000 –1984): اتجاهات التوسع العمراني في مدينة الرياض (1984-2000-2010-2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-74
Author(s):  
Jumah Ibrhim Ain, Faten Hamed Nahhas Jumah Ibrhim Ain, Faten Hamed Nahhas
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Growth Trends ◽  
Development And Evolution

  Identifying urban growth trends contributes to sound decision-making, planning and clear scenarios for future development (Altwaijri, 1438-AH). The research uses the techniques of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) to study the urban growth of Riyadh from the first nucleus until 2020 and to determine the growth trends, causes and physical areas that arose during this period. Space images were used and analyzed by the USGS and Google Earth program using ArcGIS Desktop 10.8. The city's initial growth was in the area around Safa Square and the surrounding area, which developed through various stages of history, especially after it became the capital of Saudi Arabia and experienced rapid development from 2000 to 2020. The study came in two chapters, the first on about the stages of development and evolution for Riyadh, then the second chapter, to analyze the satellite images to show the trends of the city's development over the last twenty years, followed by the conclusions and recommendations.

Materials for the history of the gospel-Baptist movement in Ukraine

1996 ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
S. Golovaschenko ◽  
Petro Kosuha
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Theological Seminary ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Evangelical Christians ◽  
Evangelical Christian ◽  
First Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fruitful Cooperation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The report is based on the first results of the study "The History of the Evangelical Christians-Baptists in Ukraine", carried out in 1994-1996 by the joint efforts of the Department of Religious Studies at the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Odessa Theological Seminary of Evangelical Christian Baptists. A large-scale description and research of archival sources on the history of evangelical movements in our country gave the first experience of fruitful cooperation between secular and church researchers.

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