scholarly journals Growing season and productivity of covered oats

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
N. V. Krotova ◽  
G. A. Batalova ◽  
Ren Changzhong ◽  
G. P. Zhuravleva
Keyword(s):  
Unstable Mode ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Covered Oats ◽  
Selection Of

Under conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region, which is characterized with the short cool growing season with unstable mode of moistening, 136 acces-sions of covered oats are studied in 2016-2018 on duration of growing sea-son and productivity for the purpose of specification of their classification by precocity, selection of sources for use in breeding on adaptability. Groups of genotypes are determined by precocity: early - the growing season is 65 - 80 days, mid-season 74-88 days, middle-late - 79-93 days, late-ripening 80-103 days. It is established that duration of period seedlings - wax ripeness is stable in these groups; correlation coefficients in pairs between 2016, 2017 and 2018 years of researches were significant positive (r = 0.60-0.87). The index of productivity was less stable; the dependence of productivity on the growing season varied from weak to average significant (r = 0.25-0.45). The mid-season sources are selected forming stable productivity regardless of a condition of agro-climatic resources: k-3624 II-4032-15C-8C-1C-OC, k-3717 CEV/OBS/PAR, and k-3754 AGA/ESM/SAI//CHI/OBS

IMPROVEMENT OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT SELECTION METHODOLOGIES UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
А. I. Grabovets ◽  
V. P. Kadushkina ◽  
S. А. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

With the growing aridity of the climate on the Don, it became necessary to improve the methodology for conducting the  breeding of spring durum wheat. The main method of obtaining the source material remains intraspecific step hybridization. Crossings were performed between genetically distant forms, differing in origin and required traits and properties. The use of chemical mutagenesis was a productive way to change the heredity of genotypes in terms of drought tolerance. When breeding for productivity, both in dry years of research and in favorable years, the most objective markers were identified — the size of the aerial mass, the mass of grain per plant, spike, and harvest index. The magnitude of the correlation coefficients between the yield per unit area and the elements of its structure is established. It was most closely associated with them in dry years, while in wet years it decreased. Power the correlation of the characteristics of the pair - the grain yield per square meter - the aboveground biomass averaged r = 0.73, and in dry years it was higher (0.91) than in favorable ones (0.61 - 0.70) , between the harvest and the harvest index - r = 0.81 (on average). In dry years, the correlation coefficient increased to 0.92. Research data confirms the greatest importance of the mass of grain from one ear and the plant in the formation of grain yield per unit area in both dry and wet years. In dry years, the correlation coefficient between yield and grain mass per plant was on average r = 0.80; in favorable years, r = 0.69. The relationship between yield and grain mass from the ear was greater — r = 0.84 and r = 0.82, respectively. Consequently, the breeding significance of the aboveground mass and the productivity of the ear, as a criterion for the selection of the crop, especially increases in the dry years. They were basic in the selection.

scholarly journals Coriolis effects on the elliptical instability in cylindrical and spherical rotating containers

2007 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 323-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. LE BARS ◽  
S. LE DIZÈS ◽  
P. LE GAL
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Unstable Mode ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Fixed Rate ◽  
Elliptical Instability ◽  
Normal Mode Theory ◽  
Set Up ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of

The effects of the Coriolis force on the elliptical instability are studied experimentally in cylindrical and spherical rotating containers placed on a table rotating at a fixed rate $\tilde{\Omega}^G$. For a given set-up, changing the ratio ΩG of global rotation $\tilde{\Omega}^G$ to flow rotation $\tilde{\Omega}^F$ leads to the selection of various unstable modes due to the presence of resonance bands, in close agreement with the normal-mode theory. No instability occurs when ΩG varies between −3/2 and −1/2 typically. On decreasing ΩG toward −1/2, resonance bands are first discretized for ΩG<0 and progressively overlap for −1/2 ≪ ΩG < 0. Simultaneously, the growth rates and wavenumbers of the prevalent stationary unstable mode significantly increase, in quantitative agreement with the viscous short-wavelength analysis. New complex resonances have been observed for the first time for the sphere, in addition to the standard spin-over. We argue that these results have significant implications in geo- and astrophysical contexts.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL-GEOGRAPHIC APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF BARLEY AND OAT FROM THE VIR COLLECTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Loskutov ◽  
Lubov Novikova ◽  
Olga Kovaleva ◽  
Nadezhda Ivanova ◽  
Elena Blinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Selection Of

Under conditions of climate change, the assessment of the stability of genotypes is of particular importance. To conduct directed selection of genotypes with a narrow or broad reaction rate, it is necessary to assess their stability already in the early stages of breeding. The aim of the study was to study the stability of breeding significant traits of oat and barley samples in contrasting ecological and geographical conditions. 25 oat samples and 25 barley samples were studied over 3 years under contrasting conditions in St. Petersburg and the Tambov region. Varieties are characterized by average values of economically valuable traits and genotype regression coefficients on the influence of the bi environment according to Eberhart and Russell. The most sensitive to a change in the ecological and geographical situation were the durations of the germination-heading, germination-harvest periods and grain yield. These characters varied to a greater extent depending on the cultivation conditions than on the genotype. According to regression coefficients for environmental conditions, significant differences in genotypes were only in yield. Contrasting groups of varieties were distinguished by regression coefficients on environmental conditions, genotypes with high productivity. The durations of germination-heading, germination-harvest, the plant height reacted to the change in the environment the same in different varieties. The duration of the growing season was determined by the sum of effective temperatures above 15C. The reduction of the growing season in both crops was 3 days with an increase in the sum of effective temperatures above 15C by 100C.

scholarly journals Developing donors of ultra-early maturity in barley

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
I. A. Zveinek ◽  
O. N. Kovaleva
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Norm Of Reaction ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Good Productivity ◽  
Selection Of

Background. The length of the growing season is a limiting factor in many regions with unstable climatic conditions. The development of ultra-early barley donors makes it possible to accelerate the breeding process aimed at producing commercial cultivars adapted to cultivation area requirements.Materials and methods. The donors Kibel, Kibel uluchshenny, Kibtsel and Kibkor were obtained through individual selection of barley forms combining earliness and productivity from the hybrid combination Belogorsky × k-15881. The experiments were carried out according to the approved guidelines. Yield components were used to calculate the index of productivity for the donors versus the reference cv. ‘Belogorsky’.Results and conclusions. Earliness is controlled in the donors by three recessive genes. The donors’ period from emergence to heading was 7–9 days shorter than that of the reference cv. ‘Belogorsky’, with a low norm of reaction, which attested to their high adaptability. The resulting barley forms were highly resistant to lodging. The donor Kibel uluchshenny in all spike yield components did not differ from the reference. The other donors were close to the reference in spike length and 1000 seed weight. The example of Kibel uluchshenny was used to demonstrate the possibility of producing barley forms combining high earliness and good productivity. The developed donors may prove useful in the breeding for earliness in the areas where the length of the growing season is a limiting factor. 

scholarly journals Understanding habitat selection of the Vulnerable wild yak Bos mutus on the Tibetan Plateau

Oryx ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuchang Liang ◽  
Aili Kang ◽  
Nathalie Pettorelli
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Species Distribution Modelling ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Habitat Availability ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Distribution Modelling ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractWe tested a series of hypotheses on drivers of habitat selection by the Vulnerable wild yak Bos mutus, combining distribution-wide sighting data with species distribution modelling approaches. The results indicate that climatic conditions are of paramount importance in shaping the wild yak's distribution on the Tibetan Plateau. Habitat selection patterns were seasonal, with yaks appearing to select areas closer to villages during the vegetation-growing season. Unexpectedly, our index of forage quantity had a limited effect in determining the distribution of the species. Overall, our results suggest that expected changes in climate for this region could have a significant impact on habitat availability for wild yaks, and we call for more attention to be focused on the unique wildlife in this ecosystem.

Growing Season and Productivity of Covered Oats

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-510
Author(s):  
N. V. Krotova ◽  
G. A. Batalova ◽  
Ren Changzhong ◽  
G. P. Zhuravleva
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Covered Oats

Differential Response of Grain Sorghum Hybrids to Foliar-Applied Mesotrione

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Joy M. Abit ◽  
Kassim Al-Khatib ◽  
David L. Regehr ◽  
Mitchell R. Tuinstra ◽  
Mark M. Claassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Differential Response ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Sorghum Production ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of herbicide-resistant weeds in grain sorghum production has prompted researchers to explore alternative herbicides to prevent, delay, and manage herbicide-resistant weed biotypes. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the differential response of sorghum hybrids to POST application of mesotrione. In a greenhouse experiment, 85 sorghum hybrids were treated with 0, 52, 105, 210, and 315 g ai/ha mesotrione when plants were at the three- to four-leaf collar stage. Sorghum response ranged from susceptible to tolerant sorghum hybrids. ‘Pioneer 84G62’, ‘Pioneer 85G01’, and ‘Triumph TR 438’ were the three most susceptible, whereas ‘Dekalb DKS35-70’, ‘Frontier F222E’, and ‘Asgrow Seneca’ were the three most tolerant hybrids. One week after treatment (WAT), the mesotrione rate causing 50% visible injury ranged from 121 to 184 and 64 to 91 g/ha in the most tolerant and susceptible hybrids, respectively. Mesotrione dose–response studies were conducted under field conditions on four sorghum hybrids. One WAT, injury symptoms were greater (up to 23%) in Pioneer 85G01 than in Asgrow Seneca (< 14%). However, all plants appeared normal by the end of the growing season. In addition, sorghum yields were not reduced by mesotrione treatments as verified by correlation coefficient analysis.

Application of Center-of-Pressure Data to Indicate Rearfoot Inversion-Eversion in Shod Running

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon J. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ground Contact ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Versus Peak ◽  
Rearfoot Eversion ◽  
Selection Of

Although pressure plates are used to help in the selection of appropriate footwear for runners, evidence relating aspects of pressure data to movement is lacking. A study was conducted to investigate whether center-of-pressure (COP) data obtained for shod running could be used to indicate the amount of rearfoot eversion. It was hypothesized that subjects exhibiting high rearfoot eversion during the initial ground contact phase of running would also show a large lateral-to-medial deviation in the COP. Pressure plate and rearfoot movement data were collected for 33 subjects. The COP was characterized using the lateral-to-medial deviation of the COP during the eversion phase of ground contact. Correlation coefficients were determined for COP deviation versus rearfoot range of motion and versus peak rearfoot eversion (P &lt; .05). In addition, subjects were grouped as high, moderate, or low pronators, and analysis of variance was used to test whether there were significant differences in COP deviation for these three groups (P &lt; .05). The COP deviation was found to have a low correlation with rearfoot range of motion (R = 0.46; P &lt; .05) and with peak rearfoot eversion (R = .54; P &lt; .05). High pronators had significantly higher COP deviation than the medium- and low-pronation groups (P &lt; .05). These findings support the use of COP deviation to detect high pronation. However, caution is advised in using the COP to indicate absolute rearfoot eversion. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 96(4): 305–312, 2006)

Flower initiation in relation to maturity in crop plants. II. Internode lengthening in relation to grazing in oat varieties

1961 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Experience has shown that certain oat varieties recover better than others after grazing. Sowings at, Melbourne in autumn 1958 and 1959 confirm that the varieties with superior recovery usually commence internode lengthening later than those with poor recox7ery. Poor recovery is due to damage of the main shoot caused by grazing after internode lengthening has begun. Factors which affect the time of internode lengthening include flower initiation and the time of sowing. In sowings between May and November (late autumn to late spring) elongation begins at or soon after initiation. It therefore occurs earlier in the early-maturing varieties (which initiate earlier) than in later ones. In sowings between December and April, some varieties, especially within the late maturity group, begin internode elongation before initiation. This reaction can be produced experimentally by high temperatures, especially when combined with photoperiods below 15 hr. In the selection of varieties for grazing, the factors to be considered are: (a) the length of growing season; (b) the time at which, and period over which, grazing is required; (c) the extent to which recovery after grazing is important. If a high total yield from a number of grazings is required, a variety with delayed internode lengthening should be chosen, the particular one selected being from a maturity group suited to the local growing season. However, if early grazing is required, a variety with rapid internode lengthening d l probably prove to be a better choice even though grazing may be at the expense of subsequent recovery.

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