Forschung zur richtigen Zeit, umsetzungsorientiert und politisch eingebettet

Research at the right time, implementation-oriented and politically embedded Climate change is occurring at a speed that raises doubts as to whether multi-functional forests can adapt to it naturally in time. In the medium to long term, important forest services seem to be endangered. Therefore, forest management strategies that support the adaptation of forests and maintain forest functions are necessary. In order to develop the necessary knowledge base and qualified decision-making support, the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment and the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research started the “Forest and Climate Change” research program in 2009. This special issue, devoted to the reaction and sensitivity of forest trees and stands to increased drought, presents for the first time results of the research program more broadly. This research program is one of the activities at the federal level relating to mitigation of climate change and adaptation to its impacts. It is politically embedded as an integral part of both the Forest Policy 2020 and the Federal Council's strategy of adaptation to climate change.

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Long term follow-up of inguinal endometriosis

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-021-01235-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

BoRan Mu ◽

ZhiQiang Zhang ◽

Chongdong Liu ◽

Kunning Zhang ◽

ShuHong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Strategies ◽

Uterosacral Ligament ◽

Round Ligament ◽

Pelvic Endometriosis ◽

Ovarian Endometriosis ◽

Hernia Sac ◽

Peritoneal Endometriosis ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

The Right

Abstract Background Inguinal endometriosis (IEM) is a rare extra pelvic endometriosis. Here, we study the clinical characteristics, management strategies, and long-term gynecological outcomes of IEM patients at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital. Case presentation Three patients presented with a total of four lesions (one on the left side, one on the right side, and one bilaterally). The diameters of the four lesions were 2 cm, 2 cm, 3.5 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively. Two patients were admitted with inguinal hernias. Two patients were admitted with endometrioses—one with ovarian endometriosis and one with pelvic endometriosis. The hernia sac was repaired concomitantly via excision of the round ligament in two patients. One patient underwent a concomitant laparoscopy for gynecologic evaluations, including an ablation to the peritoneal endometriosis, and resection of the left uterosacral ligament endometriosis and pelvic adhesiolysis. All lesions were located on the extraperitoneal portion of the round ligament and were diagnosed histologically. No recurrence was observed in the inguinal region. All patients diagnosed with adenomyosis were treated with medication alone without any complaints. Conclusions Inguinal endometriosis can occur simultaneously with pelvic endometriosis. In most cases, a concomitant hernia sac appears together with groin endometriosis. Clinical management should be individualized and performed in tandem with general practitioners and obstetrics & gynecology experts. Pelvic disease, in particular, should be followed-up by a gynecologist.

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Shared socioeconomic pathways for climate change research in Finland: co-developing extended SSP narratives for agriculture

Regional Environmental Change ◽

10.1007/s10113-020-01734-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Heikki S. Lehtonen ◽

Jyrki Aakkula ◽

Stefan Fronzek ◽

Janne Helin ◽

Mikael Hildén ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

National Level ◽

Global Scale ◽

Change Scenario ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Climate Change Research ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Agriculture And Food ◽

Farm Subsidies

AbstractShared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), developed at global scale, comprise narrative descriptions and quantifications of future world developments that are intended for climate change scenario analysis. However, their extension to national and regional scales can be challenging. Here, we present SSP narratives co-developed with stakeholders for the agriculture and food sector in Finland. These are derived from intensive discussions at a workshop attended by approximately 39 participants offering a range of sectoral perspectives. Using general background descriptions of the SSPs for Europe, facilitated discussions were held in parallel for each of four SSPs reflecting very different contexts for the development of the sector up to 2050 and beyond. Discussions focused on five themes from the perspectives of consumers, producers and policy-makers, included a joint final session and allowed for post-workshop feedback. Results reflect careful sector-based, national-level interpretations of the global SSPs from which we have constructed consensus narratives. Our results also show important critical remarks and minority viewpoints. Interesting features of the Finnish narratives compared to the global SSP narratives include greater emphasis on environmental quality; significant land abandonment in SSPs with reduced livestock production and increased plant-based diets; continued need for some farm subsidies across all SSPs and opportunities for diversifying domestic production under scenarios of restricted trade. Our results can contribute to the development of more detailed national long-term scenarios for food and agriculture that are both relevant for local stakeholders and researchers as well as being consistent with global scenarios being applied internationally.

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Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation: Where are We Now?

Clinical Medicine Insights Cardiology ◽

10.4137/cmc.s8976 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. CMC.S8976 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yousif Ahmad ◽

Gregory Y.H. Lip

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Stroke Prevention ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Bleeding Risk ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Risk Patients ◽

First Time ◽

Major Progress ◽

Made In

Atrial fibrillation is the commonest arrhythmia worldwide and is a growing problem. AF is responsible for 25% of all strokes, and these patients suffer greater mortality and disability. Warfarin has traditionally been the only successful therapy for stroke prevention, but its limitations have resulted in underutilisation. Major progress has been made in AF research, leading to improved management strategies. Better risk stratification permits identification of truly low-risk patients who do not require anticoagulation and we are able to simplify ourevaluation of a patient's bleeding risk. The advent of novel anticoagulants means warfarin is no longer the only choice for stroke prophylaxis. These drugs circumvent many of warfarin's inconveniences, but only long-term study and use will conclusively demonstrate how they compare to warfarin. The landscape of stroke prevention in AF has changed with effective alternatives to warfarin available for the first time in 60 years—but each new option brings new considerations.

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Assessment of costs on the adaptation to climate change in Ukraine

Ekonomìka ì prognozuvannâ ◽

10.15407/eip2020.04.060 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (4) ◽

pp. 60-71

Author(s):

Galyna Trypolska ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Water Protection ◽

Adaptation To Climate Change ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Global Environmental ◽

The Cost ◽

Adaptive Nature ◽

Regional Budgets ◽

Promising Source ◽

First Time

The paper focuses on the main adaptation measures financed in Ukraine at the expense of state and regional budgets region-wise during 2016-2018 within the framework of environmental activities. The source of data was "Environmental passports of the regions". The paper finds that during 2016-2018 the most funded items of expenditure were the construction and repair of sewerage, clearing of riverbeds, repair of water protection structures and wastewater treatment. A significant gap in the cost of measures of an adaptive nature between the regions is established. Expenditures in the Transcarpathian region, which most suffers from floods, were the lowest: they were 46 times lower than expenditures on adaptation measures in the Dnipropetrovsk region, which actively allocated funds for clearing riverbeds and strengthening the river banks. During 2016-2018, almost USD 110 million were proved to be spent on adaptation measures in Ukraine. The main source of funds were local budgets, in particular regional environmental funds. Green bonds are determined to become a promising source of funding for adaptation measures in Ukraine. For the first time, the amount of funds required for adaptation measures in Ukraine until 2050 has been partially estimated. It is proved that the only international funds that can provide funding for adaptation measures in Ukraine in late 2020, is the Global Environmental Facility.

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Isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia in a young child

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2020-239297 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. e239297

Author(s):

H Ravi Ramamurthy ◽

Onkar Auti ◽

Vimal Raj ◽

Kiran Viralam

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Wave Inversion ◽

St Segment ◽

Cardiac Apex ◽

The Right ◽

First Time ◽

Left Lead

A 16-month-old, healthy, asymptomatic male child presented with a diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular examination and chest radiograph were normal. ECG revealed sinus rhythm, and the augmented vector left lead showed raised ST segment, T wave inversion and q waves. Echocardiography showed a globular left ventricle with notched cardiac apex, abnormal echogenicity in the left ventricular apical myocardium, single papillary muscle and normal biventricular function. Cardiac MRI scan revealed a globular left ventricle with fibrofatty changes and retraction of the apex, the papillary muscles closely approximated, and the right ventricle wrapping around the apex of the left ventricle. This is described as isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia. Diagnosis of this rare entity can be made by MRI, and it has been diagnosed largely in adults. The pathophysiology and long-term outcomes are unknown. We characterise the echocardiography findings of this rare anomaly in a child for the first time in the literature.

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Physiological and morphological effects of climate change

Effects of Climate Change on Birds ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198824268.003.0010 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 120-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Andrew E. McKechnie

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Body Mass ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Arid Zone ◽

Future Research ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Adaptation To Climate Change ◽

Heat Events

The direct impacts of higher temperatures on birds are manifested over timescales ranging from minutes and hours to years and decades. Over short timescales, acute exposure to high temperatures can lead to hyperthermia or dehydration, which among arid-zone species occasionally causes catastrophic mortality events. Over intermediate timescales of days to weeks, high temperatures can have chronic sub-lethal effects via body mass loss or reduced nestling growth rates, negatively affecting sev eral fitness components. Long-term effects of warming manifested over years to decades involve declining body mass or changes in appendage size. Key directions for future research include elucidating the role of phenotypic plasticity and epigenetic processes in avian adaptation to climate change, examining the role of stress pathways in mediating responses to heat events, and understanding the consequences of higher temperatures for species that traverse hot regions while migrating.

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Crop adaptation to climate change as a consequence of long-term breeding

Theoretical and Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s00122-020-03729-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rod J. Snowdon ◽

Benjamin Wittkop ◽

Tsu-Wei Chen ◽

Andreas Stahl

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Major Gene ◽

Stress Constraints ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Yield Stability ◽

Adaptation To Climate Change ◽

Conventional Breeding ◽

The Impact

AbstractMajor global crops in high-yielding, temperate cropping regions are facing increasing threats from the impact of climate change, particularly from drought and heat at critical developmental timepoints during the crop lifecycle. Research to address this concern is frequently focused on attempts to identify exotic genetic diversity showing pronounced stress tolerance or avoidance, to elucidate and introgress the responsible genetic factors or to discover underlying genes as a basis for targeted genetic modification. Although such approaches are occasionally successful in imparting a positive effect on performance in specific stress environments, for example through modulation of root depth, major-gene modifications of plant architecture or function tend to be highly context-dependent. In contrast, long-term genetic gain through conventional breeding has incrementally increased yields of modern crops through accumulation of beneficial, small-effect variants which also confer yield stability via stress adaptation. Here we reflect on retrospective breeding progress in major crops and the impact of long-term, conventional breeding on climate adaptation and yield stability under abiotic stress constraints. Looking forward, we outline how new approaches might complement conventional breeding to maintain and accelerate breeding progress, despite the challenges of climate change, as a prerequisite to sustainable future crop productivity.

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Asset management using a hybrid backcasting/forecasting approach

Facilities ◽

10.1108/f-11-2014-0090 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (11/12) ◽

pp. 701-715 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Keith Jones ◽

Api Desai ◽

Mark Mulville ◽

Aled Jones

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Asset Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Management Plan ◽

Adaptation To Climate Change ◽

Content Type ◽

Alternative Pathways ◽

Future State ◽

The Future

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present an alternative approach to facilities and built asset management adaptation planning to climate change based on a hybrid backcasting/forecasting model. Backcasting envisions a future state and examines alternative “pathways of approach” by looking backwards from the future state to the present day. Each pathway is examined in turn to identify interventions required for that pathway to achieve the future state. Each pathway is reviewed using forecasting tools and the most appropriate is selected. This paper describes the application of this approach to the integration of climate change adaptation plans into facilities and built asset management. Design/methodology/approach – The researchers worked with various stakeholders as part of a participatory research team to identify climate change adaptations that may be required to ensure the continued performance of a new educational building over its life cycle. The team identified 2020, 2040 and 2080 year end-goals and assessed alternative pathways of approach. The most appropriate pathways were integrated into the facilities and built asset management plan. Findings – The paper outlines a conceptual framework for formulating long term facilities and built asset management strategies to address adaptation to climate change. Research limitations/implications – The conceptual framework is validated by a single research case study, and further examples are needed to ensure validity of the approach in different facilities management contexts. Originality/value – This is the first paper to explore backcasting principles as part of facilities and built asset management planning.

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Cirrus clouds properties derived from polarized micro pulse lidar (p-mpl) observations at the atmospheric observatory ‘el arenosillo’ (sw iberian peninsula): a case study for radiative implications

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201817605042 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 176 ◽

pp. 05042

Author(s):

Ana del Águila ◽

Laura Gómez ◽

José Manuel Vilaplana ◽

Mar Sorribas ◽

Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Iberian Peninsula ◽

Surface Radiation ◽

Radiative Balance ◽

Macrophysical Properties ◽

Micro Pulse Lidar ◽

First Time ◽

Change Concerns

Cirrus (Ci) clouds are involved in Climate Change concerns since they affect the radiative balance of the atmosphere. Recently, a polarized Micro Pulse Lidar (P-MPL), standard system within NASA/MPLNET has been deployed at the INTA/Atmospheric Observatory ‘El Arenosillo’ (ARN), located in the SW Iberian Peninsula. Hence, the INTA/P-MPL system is used for Ci detection over that station for the first time. Radiative effects of a Ci case observed over ARN are examined, as reference for future long-term Ci observations. Optical and macrophysical properties are retrieved, and used for radiative transfer simulations. Data are compared to the measured surface radiation levels and all-sky images simultaneously performed at the ARN station.

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Long term effect of climate change on rainfall in northwest Iraq

Open Engineering ◽

10.2478/s13531-013-0151-4 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nadhir Al-Ansari ◽

Mawada Abdellatif ◽

Salahalddin Ali ◽

Sven Knutsson

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Daily Rainfall ◽

Annual Rainfall ◽

Water Shortages ◽

Intergovernmental Panel ◽

Continuous Decrease ◽

Rainfall Trends ◽

Semi Arid Region

AbstractMiddle East, like North Africa, is considered as arid to semi-arid region. Water shortages in this region, represents an extremely important factor in stability of the region and an integral element in its economic development and prosperity. Iraq was an exception due to presence of Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. After the 1970s the situation began to deteriorate due to continuous decrease in discharges of these rivers, are expected to dry by 2040 with the current climate change. In the present paper, long rainfall trends up to the year 2099 were studied in Sinjar area, northwest of Iraq, to give an idea about its future prospects. Two emission scenarios, used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (A2 and B2), were employed to study the long term rainfall trends in northwestern Iraq. All seasons consistently project a drop in daily rainfall for all future periods with the summer season is expected to have more reduction compared to other seasons. Generally the average rainfall trend shows a continuous decrease. The overall average annual rainfall is slightly above 210 mm. In view of these results, prudent water management strategies have to be adopted to overcome or mitigate consequences of future severe water crisis.

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