scholarly journals Biaxial Cyclic Loading of Woven Fabrics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snjezana Brnada ◽  
◽  
Stana Kovacevic ◽  
Irena Sabaric ◽  
Lovro Drzaic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Linear Deformation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Number Of Cycles

For the purpose of this paper, investigations were carried out on specifically designed fabrics with different structural parameters. The biaxial cyclic loading of fabrics and its consequences were investigated. The weave structures with the smallest weave units (plain weave, basket weave 2/2, rib weave 1/1 (2+2) and rib weave 2/2 (1+1) with the same warp and weft density (24 ends/cm and 24 picks/cm) were selected. Biaxial cyclic loadings of fabrics were performed on a newly developed patented device. The influence of the low level of cyclic loadings of fabrics on the change of tensile properties in warp and weft direction was investigated. The results showed that the low level of biaxial cyclic loading can lead to a permanent linear deformation of fabrics. Despite the fact that the forces that cyclically strain the fabric in two directions amount to 10% of the breaking elongation, after a certain number of cycles there is an irreversible deformation and reduction of breaking forces, but sometimes they can result in an increase in breaking forces. It was found that the tensile elongation of fabrics is affected both by thread crimping and by the structural properties of fabrics resulting from changes in the weave.

COPPER ALLOY No. 120

Alloy Digest ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Residual Phosphorus ◽  
Low Level

Abstract COPPER No. 120 is a phosphorus deoxidized copper in which the residual phosphorus is maintained at a low level to acheive a good electrical conductivity. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-263. Producer or source: Copper and copper alloy mills.

COLUMBIUM 15W-5Mo-1Zr

Alloy Digest ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract Columbium 15W-5 Mo- 1Zr is a columbium-base alloy capable of retaining usuable structural properties up to 2500 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cb-17. Producer or source: Fansteel Metallurgical Corporation.

scholarly journals Investigation of Deformation Inhomogeneity and Low-Cycle Fatigue of a Polycrystalline Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2673
Author(s):  
Mu-Hang Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Hong Shen ◽  
Lei He ◽  
Ke-Shi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Strain Tensor ◽  
Equivalent Strain ◽  
Differential Entropy ◽  
Strain Components ◽  
Deformation Inhomogeneity ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
The Relationship

Considering the relationship between inhomogeneous plastic deformation and fatigue damage, deformation inhomogeneity evolution and fatigue failure of superalloy GH4169 under temperature 500 °C and macro tension compression cyclic loading are studied, by using crystal plasticity calculation associated with polycrystalline representative Voronoi volume element (RVE). Different statistical standard deviation and differential entropy of meso strain are used to measure the inhomogeneity of deformation, and the relationship between the inhomogeneity and strain cycle is explored by cyclic numerical simulation. It is found from the research that the standard deviations of each component of the strain tensor at the cyclic peak increase monotonically with the cyclic loading, and they are similar to each other. The differential entropy of each component of the strain tensor also increases with the number of cycles, and the law is similar. On this basis, the critical values determined by statistical standard deviations of the strain components and the equivalent strain, and that by differential entropy of strain components, are, respectively, used as fatigue criteria, then predict the fatigue–life curves of the material. The predictions are verified with reference to the measured results, and their deviations are proved to be in a reasonable range.

Fatigue Crack Growth Tests on Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite

2005 ◽  
Vol 473-474 ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Zilia Csomós ◽  
János Lukács
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Crack Opening Displacement ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Opening Displacement ◽  
Interfacial Cracks ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced ◽  
Number Of Cycles

E-glass fibre reinforced polyester matrix composite was investigated, which was made by pullwinding process. Round three point bending (RTPB) specimens were tested under quasi-static and mode I cyclic loading conditions. Load vs. displacement (F-f), load vs. crack opening displacement (F-v) and crack opening displacement range vs. number of cycles (ΔCOD-N) curves were registered and analysed. Interfacial cracks were caused the final longitudinal fracture of the specimens under quasi-static and cyclic loading conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Zr Addition on the Mechanical Properties and Superplasticity of a Forged SP700 Titanium Alloy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 906
Author(s):  
Dong Han ◽  
Yongqing Zhao ◽  
Weidong Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Superplastic Deformation ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Zr Addition ◽  
Fine Microstructure

The present study focuses on the effect of 1% Zr addition on the microstructure, tensile properties and superplasticity of a forged SP700 alloy. The results demonstrated that Zr has a significant effect on inhibiting the microstructural segregation and increasing the volume fraction of β-phase in the forged SP700 alloy. After annealing at 820 °C for 1 h and aging at 500 °C for 6 h, the SP700 alloy with 1% Zr showed a completely globular and fine microstructure. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and tensile elongation of the alloy with optimized microstructure were 1185 MPa, 1296 MPa and 10%, respectively. The superplastic deformation was performed at 750 °C with an elongation of 1248%. The improvement of tensile properties and superplasticity of the forged SP700 alloy by Zr addition was mainly attributed to the uniform and fine globular microstructures.

scholarly journals Bond Fatigue of TRC with Epoxy Impregnated Carbon Textiles

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Wagner ◽  
Manfred Curbach
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Residual Strength ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Textile Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Anchorage Length ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Bearing Behavior

For the economical construction of fatigue loaded structures with textile reinforced concrete (TRC), it is necessary to investigate the fatigue behavior of the materials. Since next to the tensile load-bearing behavior, the bond behavior of a material is crucial as well, the present paper deals with the bond fatigue of TRC with epoxy-impregnated carbon textiles. First, static tests are carried out to determine the sufficient anchorage length of the investigated material combination. Afterwards, the influence of cyclic loading on the necessary anchorage length, deformation, stiffness, and residual strength is investigated. The results of the cyclic tests are summarized in stress-number of cycles to failure (S-N) diagrams. In the end, it can be said that the cyclic loading has no negative impact on the necessary anchorage length. If specimens withstand the cyclic loading, there is no difference between their residual strength and the reference strength. The failure of specimens occurs only at high load levels, provided that the anchorage length is sufficient.

scholarly journals The Effect of Vertical Loads and the Pile Shape on Pile Group Response under Lateral Two-Way Cyclic Loading

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 2377-2391
Author(s):  
Aseel Kahlan Mahmood ◽  
Jasim M Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Cyclic Load ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Load Ratio ◽  
Pile Group ◽  
Pile Groups ◽  
Group Response ◽  
Load Intensity ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Aluminum Pipe

This paper is presented the lateral dynamic response of pile groups embedded in dry sand under influence of vertical loads and the pile shape in-group, which are subjected to the lateral two-way cyclic loads. The laboratory typical tests with pile groups (2×1) have an aluminum-pipe (i.e. circular, square) pile, embedded length to diameter of pile ratio (L/D=40) and spacing to diameter ratio (S/D) of 3, 5, 7 and 9 are used with different cyclic-load ratio (CLR) 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8. The experimental results are revealed that both the vertical and lateral pile capacity and displacement is significantly affected by the cyclic-loading factors i.e. (number of cycles, cyclic load ratio, and shape of pile) .In this study, important design references are presented. Which are explained that the response of the pile groups under cyclic lateral loading are clear affected by the attendance of vertical load and pile shape. Where, it is reduction the lateral displacement of group piles head and increase lateral capacity about (50) % compared without vertical loads. On the other side, the pile shape is a well affected to the pile response where the level of decline in lateral displacement at the pile groups head in the square pile is more than circular pile about 20 % at the same load intensity.

scholarly journals Tensile Characterization of Pre-harvest Treated Pineapple Leaf Fibre

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
H. Uguru ◽  
G. E. Obah
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Pineapple Leaves ◽  
Treatment Concentration

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of field practice on the tensile properties of pineapple leaf fibre (PAFL). The pineapple leaves were treated in the field with calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) at four concentrations (0 mg/l, 100 mg/l, 200 mg/l and 300 mg/l). All the treatments were applied through foliar application, twice monthly, for duration of five months. The pineapple leaves were harvested after five months of the treatment application, and their fibre extracted through the retting method. In addition, the cellulose content of the PALF was determined according to approved method. The extracted fibre was subjected to tensile test, using ASTM International approved methods. Results obtained from the tensile test revealed that the pre-harvested treatment had significant (p ≤0.5) effect on the tensile properties of the PALF. The tensile strength increased from 583.67 MPa to 880.83 MPa; while the Young’s modulus increased from 23.77 GPa to 28.23 GPa, as the treatment concentration increased from 0 mg/l to 300 mg/l. Likewise, the tensile elongation decreased from 3.13 mm to 1.83 mm, as the treatment concentration increased from 0 mg/l to 300 mg/l. In terms of the cellulose content, the study revealed that the cellulose content of the fibre increased significantly (p ≤0.05) with increased in the treatment concentration. At the concentration of 0 mg/l, the PAFL had cellulose content of 63.6%, which increased linearly to 77% at the concentration of 300 mg/l. From these results, it can be seen that field practice greatly increased the potential of PALF in composites production and other industrial applications.

scholarly journals Knitting Technologies And Tensile Properties Of A Novel Curved Flat-Knitted Three-Dimensional Spacer Fabrics

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Li ◽  
Gaoming Jiang ◽  
Xiaolin Nie ◽  
Pibo Ma ◽  
Zhe Gao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Aramid Fibres ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Fabric Deformation ◽  
Spacer Fabrics

AbstractThis paper introduces a knitting technique for making innovative curved three-dimensional (3D) spacer fabrics by the computer flat-knitting machine. During manufacturing, a number of reinforcement yarns made of aramid fibres are inserted into 3D spacer fabrics along the weft direction to enhance the fabric tensile properties. Curved, flat-knitted 3D spacer fabrics with different angles (in the warp direction) were also developed. Tensile tests were carried out in the weft and warp directions for the two spacer fabrics (with and without reinforcement yarns), and their stress–strain curves were compared. The results showed that the reinforcement yarns can reduce the fabric deformation and improve tensile stress and dimensional stability of 3D spacer fabrics. This research can help the further study of 3D spacer fabric when applied to composites.

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