The development of the incidence of non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive system in adults evacuated from the 30-kilometer zone of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant during the post-accident observation period (1992–2016)

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
K.Ye. Prykashсhykova ◽  
◽  
Zh.S. Yaroshenko ◽  
O.A. Kapustynska ◽  
V.G. Kostiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Biliary Tract ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Neoplastic Diseases ◽  
Digestive Diseases ◽  
The Absolute

Objective: We analyzed the absolute risk of the development of the incidence of non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive system in adults evacuated from the 30-kilometer zone of the Chornobyl NPP over 1992–2016 epidemiological surveillance. Materials and methods: For the epidemiological study of the incidence of non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive system in the evacuated from the 30-kilometer Chornobyl zone after the Chornobyl accident in 1992–2016 we formed a cohort of 7,143 people aged 18 years and older (2,198 men and 4,945 women). To study the features of the incidence of diseases of the digestive system over the years of observation, we calculated the epidemiological indicator - the absolute risk of development (AR). Results: During 1992–2016, 13,532 cases of the diseases of the digestive system: 3,298 (24.37%) – in men; 10,234 (75.63%) - in women) were revealed for the first time. The absolute risk of the development of digestive diseases makes up 467.64 ± 2.93 cases per 103 man-years of observation (further cases/103 man-years). It was found that 91.05% (12,321 cases) with an absolute risk of 425.32 ± 5.89 93 cas./103 man-years ( 423.22 ± 5.89- in men, 426.19 ± 3, 34 - in women) belonged to the class of the diseases of digestive system (C00-C93). Mostly diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (C00 – C14) (200.63 ± 4.77 cases/103 man-years), esophageal diseases, stomach and duodenum (C20 – C31) (146.26 ± 4.21 93) were manifested. Significant loss of health was also caused by the diseases of the gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas (C83–C87) (50.23 ± 2.60 93), liver disease (C70-C77) – (22.44 ± 1.76 93), non-infectious enteritis and colitis (C50–C52) – (3.93 ± 8.75), other intestinal diseases (C55–C63) – (1.83 ± 0.51) respectively. Irrespective of gender, the development of the incidence of non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive system is characterized by the identity of the diseases and the ratio of their values to the total cohort. However, women suffered more from the diseases of the gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas, diseases of the oral cavity, men – from the diseases of esophagus, stomach and duodenum. Conclusions: 1. The revealed features of the development of digestive diseases in the evacuated from the 30-kilometer zone of the Chornobyl NPP (high absolute risks of diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (C00–C14), diseases of esophagus, stomach and duodenum (C20–C31), biliary diseases bladder, biliary tract and pancreas (C80–C87)) need the improvement of medico-social measures to provide qualitative treatment-and-preventive, rehabilitative care from the primary level of medical care. 2. It is necessary to conduct medico-educational work on radiation hygiene, regimen, food intake and dietary nutrition for the minimization of the development of established prior nosological forms in the evacuees from the 30-kilometer zone of the ChNPP.

scholarly journals МІКРОСТРУКТУРНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПІДНИЖНЬОЩЕЛЕПНОЇ СЛИННОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ ЩУРА В НОРМІ

World Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3(55)) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Mykhalevych Marta ◽  
Paltov Yevgen ◽  
Kryvko Yurii
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Gland ◽  
Horizontal Position ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Glands ◽  
Cervical Area ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Functional Purpose

Macroanatomy, topography of the submandibular salivary glands in rats, the size and mechanisms of functioning, are determined by the characteristics of the structure of the skull and cervical area, and the horizontal position of the animal body and features of the functional purpose of the glands. Salivary glands ensure the consistency of homeostasis not only in the oral cavity, but also in the upper gastrointestinal tract, performing the primary enzymatic processing of food, helping the passage of food to the esophagus. Apparently, there are no other organs that perform as many functions (secretory, secretory, excretory, secretory) and have such a significant impact on the condition of the organism, oral cavity and digestive system as a whole.This publication demonstrates microstructures characteristics of submandibular salivary gland of rats.

February 9 — Dentist Day in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Oksana Rybachok
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Quality Of Food

«Man is what he eats,» these words belong to the great Pythagoras. He meant by these words the connection of the origin of consumed food with the spiritual development of man. In fact, a lot depends on the nature of nutrition, the quality of food and, of course, on the degree of its perception by the body. Digestion process begins not in the stomach, but directly in the oral cavity as a result of mechanical processing of products with teeth and under the influence of the secretion of the salivary glands. That is why healthy teeth are the key to the normal functioning of the whole organism — people should start taking care of their teeth from the early childhood and dentists, who are far from being beloved by everybody and are often carelessly evaded, are called upon to help keep the teeth healthy.

scholarly journals Melatonin: A Novel Indolamine in Oral Health and Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Chava ◽  
K. Sirisha
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Systemic Level ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Anti Oxidant

This paper attempts to summarise the findings accumulated within the last few years concerning the hormone of darkness “melatonin.” Based on its origin, from the pineal gland until recently it was portrayed exclusively as a hormone. Due to its lipophilic nature, it is accessible to every cell. Thus, in the classic sense it is a cell protector rather than a hormone. Recent studies, by Claustrat et al. (2005), detected few extrapineal sources of melatonin like retina, gastrointestinal tract, and salivary glands. Due to these sources, research by Cutando et al. (2007), is trying to explore the implications of melatonin in the oral cavity, in addition to its physiologic anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory and oncostatic functions at systemic level that may be receptor dependent or independent. Recently, certain in vivo studies by Shimozuma et al. (2011), detected the secretion of melatonin from salivary glands further emphasising its local activity. Thus, within our confines the effects of melatonin in the mouth are reviewed, adding a note on therapeutic potentials of melatonin both systemically and orally.

Interdisciplinary approach to the management of a patient with Sjogren’s syndrome: a clinical case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Y. Emelyanova ◽  
T. E. Kozyrieva ◽  
O. V. Stepanova ◽  
N. V. Zorenko
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Dryness of the mucous membranes (in mouth, nose, genitals in women) and skin are the most common complaints of patients with Sjogren’s disease — a multisystem immune‑mediated disorder that causes anxiety and concern associated with the difficulties of initial diagnosis. The authors present a clinical case of a patient with primary Sjogren’s syndrome, a large number of symptoms of digestive diseases, complaints of dryness of mucous membranes, in particular the oral cavity. The diagnosis was confirmed by allied specialists such as ophthalmologist, gynecologist, rheumatologist, dentist. Detailed dental examination revealed the main dental complaints (constant dry mouth, galitos, changes in taste), clinical condition (dryness of the red border of the lips, swelling of the oral mucosa, changes in the relief of the gums), decreased secretory activity and significant reduction of unstimulated salivation with a moderate level of stimulated salivation. It is noted that a significant decrease in sialometry (0.01 ml per minute) and functional activity of the small salivary glands (up to 18) confirms the presence of true xerostomia. Micro‑crystallization of saliva revealed disorganization of irregularly shaped structures, as well as a significant number of organic inclusions, which indicates a violation of homeostasis in the oral cavity. Given the results of ultrasound examination of the large salivary glands and the absence of enlargement and swelling of the glands during clinical examination, we can assume that the destructive damage to the glands is not so pronounced, evacuation function of the gland is not reduced, but the amount of secretion is significantly reduced. To provide medical aid to patients with Sjogren’s syndrome, the accessibility of the qualified consultation is important and required, with conduction of comprehensive examinations by allied specialists, including a dentist.  

Abstract WMP51: Risk and Timing of of Ischemic Stroke Following Acute Myocardial Infarction

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander E Merkler ◽  
Gino Gialdini ◽  
Santosh Murthy ◽  
Shadi Yaghi ◽  
Babak Navi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Risk Increase ◽  
Immortal Time Bias ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
The Absolute

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (MI) has long been reported as a risk factor for ischemic stroke, but the magnitude and duration of risk remains uncertain. Methods: We performed a crossover-cohort study using inpatient and outpatient claims data from a nationally representative 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries from 2008 through 2014. We identified all patients ≥66 years of age with a first-recorded hospitalization for acute MI. The primary outcome was ischemic stroke. All predictors and outcomes were defined using previously validated ICD-9-CM codes. To exclude stroke that may have been due to percutaneous coronary intervention, we included only cases of ischemic stroke that occurred after discharge from the MI hospitalization. We compared the risk of ischemic stroke in successive 4-week periods during the 12 weeks after MI versus the corresponding 4-week periods 1 year later. To avoid immortal time bias, we limited our cohort to patients who remained alive and insured throughout the 15 month study period. Odds ratios (OR) and absolute risk differences were calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel estimator for matched data. Results: We identified 22,798 patients with an acute MI in whom the mean age was 77.4 (±7.9) years and 50.3% were women. In the 12 weeks after discharge, 216 patients (0.95%) developed a stroke, as compared to 21 (0.09%) patients in the corresponding 12-week period 1 year later. The absolute increase in stroke risk was 0.45% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36-0.55%) in the first 4 weeks after acute MI compared to the 4-week time period 1 year later, corresponding to an OR of 18.2 (95% CI, 8.1-50.6). The absolute risk increase was 0.24% (95% CI, 0.16-0.31%) during weeks 5-8 (OR, 8.7; 95% CI, 4.0-22.6) and 0.17% (95% CI, 0.10-0.23%) during weeks 9-12 (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 2.7-14.1). Conclusions: Acute MI is associated with a substantially elevated short-term risk of ischemic stroke. This risk was independent of periprocedural stroke risk in the setting of coronary reperfusion therapies.

IMPROVEMENT OF MEDICAL SUPPLIES TO HELP WITH DISORDERS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM FUNCTION DURING SPACE MISSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
V.V. Bogomolov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Polyakov ◽  
I.V. Kovachevich ◽  
L.G. Repenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Histamine Receptor ◽  
Space Mission ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Histamine Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Digestive Diseases ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Analysis of digestive function (DF) disorders in cosmonauts-participants in 83 main missions to the station Mir and ISS showed that episodic DF problems had been abated successfully with the help of onboard medicaments. Comparative assessment of the spaceflight adversities and digestive disease risk factors resulted in drawing up a list of predictable digestive diseases that includes the gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspesia. Following the ensuing recommendations, the onboard medical kits have been complemented with the proton pump inhibitors, H2-histamine receptor antagonists, prokinetics of new classes, antibacterials, ursodesocholic acid preparations, and probiotics to treat gut dysbiosis. A broad use of prefilled syringes is advisable.

Sebaceous Lesions of Salivary Glands and Oral Cavity

1990 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 416-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Batsakis ◽  
Adel K. El-Naggar
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Salivary Glands

Nevus Spilus with Synchronous Melanomas: Case Report and Literature Review

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari-Nareg Meguerditchian ◽  
Richard T. Cheney ◽  
John M. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Cutaneous Lesion ◽  
Pertinent Literature ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Management Recommendations

Background: Nevus spilus is a rare, acquired, and often large cutaneous lesion consisting of a light brown background macule containing varying numbers of small darker macular or papular areas. Objective: Nevus spilus may contain dysplastic melanocytic elements, and there are also reports of melanoma arising from nevus spilus. However, the absolute risk for malignant transformation is not well defined. Conclusion: We discuss a case of synchronous melanomas arising from a nevus spilus and potential management recommendations based on a review of the pertinent literature.

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