Influences of subjective social status, control and perfectionism on international students' cross-cultural transition

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Chu-Chun Fu
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Subjective Social Status ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Outcome Expectation ◽  
Sense Of Control ◽  
The U.S

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] This study examined the influences of subjective social status, sense of control, and perfectionistic discrepancy on career development outcomes and satisfaction with life among 233 Chinese and Taiwanese international students before and after they study abroad in the U.S. The results showed that subjective social status at Time-1 was significantly associated with career outcome expectations, career search self-efficacy, and satisfaction with life at Time-2, but not significantly associated with Time-2 career adaptability. Post-arrival sense of control fully mediated the link between subjective social status in home country with career outcome expectations, career search self-efficacy, and satisfaction with life in the U.S. Moreover, a moderated-mediation effect was found, in which perfectionistic discrepancy weakened the sense of control-career outcome expectation association in the mediation model of subjective social status and career outcome expectation by sense of control. Additional results are provided. Implications of these findings are outlined.

scholarly journals MODELING OF CAREER CHOICE BEHAVIORS IN INDONESIAN DENTISTRY STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Fianirazha Primesa Caesarani ◽  
Febby Astria ◽  
Rizma Adlia Syakurah ◽  
Bertha Aulia ◽  
Reynold Siburian
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Career Exploration ◽  
Outcome Expectation ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Career Intention

 The increasing number of dentists shows that this profession is one of the most popular career choices in Indonesia. The type of dentist professional development varies so that career planning is an important thing that has a big influence on one's future. The social-cognitive career theory (SCCT) perspective explains that there is a relationship between career self-efficacy, career outcome expectation, career intention and career exploration in the career selection process. By using SCCT, this study aimed to determine the career exploration-related behavior relationship, which consists of career self-efficacy, career outcome expectations, career intention and career exploration, in the career determination for dentistry students in Indonesia. This research is an observational analytic study of 505 samples of undergraduate and profession students of dentistry who have filled out an online questionnaire from March to June 2019. An online questionnaire consisting of a Career Decision Making Self-Efficacy-Short Form (CDMSE-SF), Career Decision Outcome Expectation (CDMOE), Career Exploration Planning or Intention Questionnaire (CEPI), Career Exploration Survey-Revised (CES-R), which has translated and validated. All models are analyzed using the maximum possible estimation of the AMOS application. This research showed that there was a significant relationship between having a career plan and father's job. This study concluded that self efficacy, outcome expectation, and career intention influence the career exploration of dentistry students significantly both directly and indirectly.

Consumers’ willingness to pay and drivers of motivation to consume omega-3 enriched mozzarella cheese

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (10) ◽  
pp. 2404-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Vecchio ◽  
Alessia Lombardi ◽  
Luigi Cembalo ◽  
Francesco Caracciolo ◽  
Gianni Cicia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Outcome Expectation ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Mozzarella Cheese ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Identity

Purpose Consumer interest and willingness to pay (WTP) for omega-3 enriched water buffalo mozzarella cheese are evaluated through an in-store experimental auction. The purpose of this paper is to estimate individual WTP for enriched mozzarella cheese and related it to self-efficacy beliefs and outcome expectations of omega-3 consumption, following regulatory focus theory. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected in May-June 2015 from a sample of 150 consumers in Southern Italy. A structural equation modelling procedure was implemented. Findings The results show a significant role is played by prevention outcome expectations on consumer behaviour. While promotion outcome expectation constructs proved non-significant, self-identity correlates with prevention outcome expectations. Research limitations/implications There are several limitations that the authors are aware of regarding this study. First of all, since the authors rely on self-reported measures, optimistic bias might have affected participants’ responses (Weinstein, 1980). Second, results may be influenced by the choice of the specific information provided to consumers for the analysis; different claims and different information framings should be tested (LeBoeuf and Shafir, 2003). Practical implications Implications stemming from the results encourage the promotion of omega-3 enriched mozzarella cheese based on stimulating outcome expectations, bearing in mind that individual motivations should be enhanced by self-identity beliefs. Originality/value Although the combined role of self-efficacy and outcome expectations on personal intention to adopt healthy behaviour has already been demonstrated (Keller, 2006; Tudoran et al., 2012), to the best of the knowledge no previous study relates individual behaviour to an intention measured as a WTP for an actual product. In addition, current study has applied a non-hypothetical BDM (from Becker et al., 1964) auction in-store experiment.

scholarly journals Effect of Work Environment on Presenteeism among Aging American Workers: The Moderated Mediating Effect of Sense of Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianan Yang ◽  
Hubin Shi ◽  
Yuangeng Guo ◽  
Xuan Jin ◽  
Yexin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Subjective Social Status ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Sense Of Control ◽  
Personal Mastery ◽  
Perceived Constraints

With the rapid increase of aging workforces, companies worldwide are concerned with improving the health and working status of older workers. Sense of control is an important psychological variable in sociology but has attracted less attention in studies of occupational health and management. This study examined the association of sense of control with presenteeism among aging workers in the United States. Data from the Health and Retirement Survey were analyzed, specifically, 2308 observations in 2012. Structural equation modeling was used to assess work environment, sense of control (measured in relation to personal mastery and perceived constraints), and associations with presenteeism. The moderating effect of subjective social status on the association between sense of control and presenteeism was examined with a moderated mediation model. In the final structural equation modeling model, work environment was directly inversely associated with presenteeism, and work environment was significantly inversely associated with perceived constraints. There was a direct positive association between work environment and personal mastery, a direct positive association between perceived constraints and presenteeism, and a significant inverse association between personal mastery and presenteeism. The significant indirect effects between work environment and presenteeism were significantly mediated by sense of control. Subjective social status inversely moderated the relation between presenteeism and perceived mastery, a dimension of sense of control. To increase the performance of aging workers in the United States, managers should create a work environment that facilitates access to job resources, as this might improve personal sense of control, particularly among those with high subjective social status.

Abstract P396: Association of Subjective Social Status With Allostatic Load in The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C McClain ◽  
Linda Gallo ◽  
Carmen R Isasi ◽  
Robert Kaplan ◽  
Michelle I Cardel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Subjective Social Status ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
One Step ◽  
The U.S

Introduction: Subjective social status (SSS) is inversely related to allostatic load (AL) markers, but little is known in Hispanics/Latinos. We assessed the hypotheses that SSS would be inversely associated with total AL and subsystem scores, regardless of objective socioeconomic status (OSS). Methods: Data were from baseline of the HCHS/SOL (n = 12,722, aged 18-74y). We assessed SSS using a 10-step ladder. Participants identified on which step they stood in relation to other people in the U.S. Higher scores indicated higher SSS (range: 1-10). Participants self-reported OSS as household income, educational attainment, and employment status. AL was comprised of 16 physiological markers from the parasympathetic (n=2; heart rate variability), inflammation (n=2; C-reactive protein, white blood cell), metabolic (anthropometrics, lipids, glucose, insulin resistance; n=8), and cardiopulmonary (blood and pulse pressures, resting heart rate, lung function; n=4) subsystems. Each marker was assigned a score of 1 if the value exceeded clinical cut-offs (or high-risk quartiles) or the participant reported taking medication to alter the marker. Otherwise, the marker was assigned a score of 0. Scores were summed across the 16 markers to create an AL score (0-16), with higher scores indicating higher AL. Scores were then dichotomized as high (vs. low) if scores were ≥ AL and subsystem medians. Multivariate-adjusted, survey-weighted linear and logistic regression models tested the association of SSS with AL and subsystem scores. Results: Sample means (95% CI) for SSS and AL were 4.4 (4.3-4.5) and 4.2 (4.1-4.3), respectively. A one-step increase on the SSS ladder was associated with lower AL ((β(SE): -0.1(0.02), p=0.003) and metabolic system (-0.04(0.01), p=0.001) scores. After adjusting for OSS, the association between SSS and AL was attenuated (-0.03(0.02), p=0.09), but remained significant for metabolic system scores (-0.03(0.01), p=0.01). When modeling dichotomized AL, a one-step increase was associated with lower odds of high AL (Odds Ratio (OR); 95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 0.94 (0.91-0.98), p=0.001), high parasympathetic system (0.96 (0.93-1.00), p=0.03), and high metabolic system (0.95 (0.92-0.98)) scores. After adjusting for OSS, higher SSS remained associated with lower odds of high AL (0.95 (0.92-0.99), p=0.01) and high metabolic system (0.96 (0.92-0.99), p=0.01) scores, but the association between SSS and lower parasympathetic subsystem scores was attenuated (0.97 (0.94-1.00), p=0.08). SSS was not associated with inflammation or cardiopulmonary subsystems. Conclusions: Among Hispanics/Latinos living in the U.S, OSS attenuated the relationship between SSS and AL. SSS may be influencing AL through the metabolic system, and could provide unique psychological and biobehavioral targets for reducing metabolic risk disparities among Hispanics/Latinos living in the U.S.

scholarly journals The Experiences of Family Caregivers of Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Dementia in Providing Daily Oral Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 805-805
Author(s):  
Abby Hellem ◽  
Kexin Zhou ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Jirakate Madiloggovit ◽  
Jennifer Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Outcome Expectation

Abstract Individuals with dementia increasingly rely on caregivers for daily oral care over time. This study explored the experience of family caregivers of community-dwelling individuals with dementia in providing oral care and their interest in caregiver oral education using the concepts of Social Cognitive Theory. Twenty-three caregivers ages 19-80 participated in a semi-structured qualitative interview that also included a structured questionnaire. Majority of caregivers were female (83%) with an average age of 56 years; 29% were spouses. Fifty-four percent of care recipients had natural teeth only, 42% had teeth and dentures, and 4% had dentures only. Caregivers were generally knowledgeable about the importance of oral health, but some expressed a lack of knowledge in how to perform oral care for others. Caregivers reported high levels of outcome expectation, agreeing that providing oral care would improve care recipient’s oral health. Caregivers expressed mixed levels of self-efficacy; many cited reduced self-efficacy due to resistance or refusal of care. Quantitative data showed that higher confidence in knowledge and oral care skills was associated with greater confidence in providing oral care (r=0.726, p<0.001). Intent to participate in a caregiver oral health education program was associated with positive outcome expectations (r=0.73, p=0.007) and desire to learn the signs and symptoms of mouth pain and infection (r=0.72, p=0.009). Increasing family caregiver’s oral health knowledge and skills, outcome expectations, and self-efficacy to provide care may help improve the oral health of persons with dementia. Additional qualitative and quantitative data and implications for practice will be presented.

Entrepreneurial career choice intentions among secondary students in Colombia: the role of entrepreneurial exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Osorio Tinoco ◽  
Manoj Chandra Bayon ◽  
Guillermo Murillo Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Outcome Expectation ◽  
Career Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Cognitive Career

PurposeBased on a theoretical framework grounded in the social-cognitive theory and its derivative the social-cognitive career theory, the main purpose of this paper is to examine the role of entrepreneurial exposure in moderating the relationship between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention in the presence of different levels of outcome expectations.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 643 secondary students from Colombia, the authors tested the validity and reliability of scales used to measure the main constructs of the socio-cognitive career theory and used the construct of entrepreneurial exposure to examine contingent hypotheses using a four-step linear regression analysis.FindingsThe study results suggest that although the main social-cognitive career variables (self-efficacy and outcome expectation) and entrepreneurial exposure directly influence the formation of entrepreneurial intention and thus support previous findings, the authors also discover a new configuration of (interacting) antecedents. While on the one hand, even a low level of entrepreneurial exposure leads to a significant increase in the entrepreneurial intention of secondary students with high outcome expectation and high self-efficacy; on the other hand, high entrepreneurial exposure leads to a decrease in entrepreneurial intention among students with high entrepreneurial expectation and high self-efficacy.Research limitations/implicationsThe main implication of the study findings is although entrepreneurial exposure is beneficial for fostering entrepreneurial intention among secondary students, a high level of entrepreneurial exposure can have a detrimental effect especially among those with high self-efficacy and outcome expectations.Practical implicationsThe paper suggests implications and suggestions for educators to foster the development of entrepreneurial intentions among students.Originality/valueThis study provides empirical evidence on the formation of entrepreneurial intention in a new setting. In addition, it improves one’s understanding of the main tenets of social-cognitive career theory by taking into account an important environment factor that can have a contrasting impact on the formation on entrepreneurial intention among adolescents.

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