scholarly journals DEVELOPMENTAL DELAYS AND ITS PREDICTORS AMONG INFANTS- A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY IN RURAL AREAS OF SILIGURI SUBDIVISION, DARJEELING DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Saumik Chakraborty ◽  
Dr. Sharmistha Bhattacherjee ◽  
Dr. Dilip Kumar Das ◽  
Dr. Samir Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Global Developmental Delay ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background & objectives: Developmental delay is a condition where a child fails to reach the different developmental domains at the expected age. Children who are developmentally delayed are less likely to be productive adults. The present study is aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of global developmental delay among the infants of rural areas of Siliguri sub division, Darjeeling district, West Bengal Methods:  A descriptive epidemiological study with cross- sectional design was carried out among 780 infants in Siliguri subdivision, Darjeeling district, West Bengal. Thirty cluster sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Data were collected by interviewing the respondents using a pre-designed and pre tested schedule. Development status was assessed using ASQ-3 scale and delay in more than one domain was defined as global developmental delay. Logistic regression was applied to find out the association between global development delay and different predictors. Results:  Overall prevalence of global developmental delay was 38.2%. Neonatal factors like birth weight (p=.000), h/o neonatal infection (p=.001) and neonatal jaundice (p=.000) was found to be significantly associated with global developmental delay. No statistical significance was observed with sociodemographic and maternal factors. Conclusion:  Developmental delay is high among the infants of the studied area and associated with some of the neonatal factors. Field based studies using appropriate screening tools from different parts of India including West Bengal will be helpful to find out the hidden cases and related factors. Key words: Developmental delay, Predictors, Infants, ASQ-3, Darjeeling

scholarly journals DETEKSI DINI KETERLAMBATAN PERKEMBANGAN UMUM (KPU) PADA SISWA PAUD DI KOTA DENPASAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Made Rismawan ◽  
Kusuma Negara ◽  
Kadek Parsi Kasmini
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Global Developmental Delay ◽  
General Development ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRAK.Latar Belakang. Masalah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak khususnya keterlambatan perkembangan umum masih terjadi. Diagnosis awal dan pengenalan tanda-tanda gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sangatlah penting dilaksanakan. Keterlambatan perkembangan umum (KPU) atau global developmental delay (GDD) adalah bagian dari ketidakmampuan mencapai perkembangan sesuai usia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran deteksi dini KPU pada siswa PAUD di Kota Denpasar. Metode Penelitian. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di empat PAUD di Kota Denpasar yaitu TK Kumara Loka, TK Mas Kumara, TK Widya Kumara dan TK Negeri Pembina Denpasar. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa PAUD yang berjumlah 131 siswa yang dipilih menggunakan teknik random sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities. Instrumen penelitian adalah alat timbang berat badan, alat ukur tinggi badan dan instrumen Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP). Hasil Penelitian. Hasil analisa data menunjukkan bahwa 116 (88%) responden memiliki pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang sesuai dengan umurnya, 5 (4%) meragukan, dan 10 (8%) responden menyimpang. Frekuensi gambaran keterlambatan perkembangan pada siswa PAUD di Kota Denpasar 15 responden yang mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan, seluruhnya (100%) mengalami keterlambatan. Pembahasan. Masalah keterlambatan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak dapat akibat pola asuh orangtua, pengasuh ataupun suatu penyakit. Keterlambatan motorik pada anak bisa disebabkan oleh sedikitnya rangsangan yang diterima si kecil baik oleh pengasuh, orangtua ataupun mainanya.Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa keterlambatan ini sangat kompleks dan perlu upaya pencegahan agar dampaknya tidak merugikan anak. Simpulan. Oleh sebab itu, orang tua memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam setiap tahap perkembangan anak. Kata kunci : keterlambatan perkembangan umum, siswa PAUD ABSTRACT.Background. Problems of growth and development in children, especially delay in general development still occur. Early diagnosis and introduction of signs of growth and developmental disorders. General development delays (KPUs) or the development of global delay (GDD) are part of the inability to reach the age of development. This study aims to determine early detection of PAUD students in Denpasar City. Research methods. The research design used is descriptive quantitative with cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted in four PAUD in Denpasar City namely Kumara Loka TK, TK Mas Kumara, TK Widya Kumara and TK Negeri Pembina Denpasar. The sample in this study were PAUD students who used 131 students selected using random sampling technique. The research instrument used questionnaires Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activity. Instrument of Pre-Screening Questionnaire (KPSP). Research result. The result of data analysis showed 116 (88%) respondents had growth and development according to their age, 5 (4%) were dubious, and 10 (8%) respondents deviated. The frequency of aging in PAUD students in Denpasar City 15 respondents experiencing developmental delay, training (100%) experienced delays. Discussion. The problem of delayed growth and development of children can be caused by child care, caregiver or a disease. Motor delays in children can be demanded by the victim of stimulation received by the child either by the caregiver, old or playanya.Hal this shows the existence of this delay is very complex and need preventive efforts in order not to harm the child. Conclusion. Therefore, parents have a very important role in every stage of child development. Keywords: general development delay, PAUD students

scholarly journals Energy sources for cooking and its determinants in rural areas of Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Michael Shadrack Mangula ◽  
Joseph A. Kuzilwa ◽  
Simon S. Msanjila ◽  
Isack Legonda
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Using traditional sources of energy for cooking in rural areas of Tanzania is associated with problems such as lung diseases, soil erosion and air pollution. This paper identifies the energy sources used for cooking and its determinants in rural areas of Tanzania. Cross-sectional survey design through questionnaire was used to collect data from 384 households living in rural areas of Njombe and Iringa regions in Tanzania. Multistage cluster sampling technique was employed to sample districts, wards and villages, while rural heads of households were sampled randomly using the fishbowl method to avoid biasness. Descriptive analysis such as frequencies and percentages were used. Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) techniques was used to estimate the parameters of factors determining the choices of energy sources for cooking in rural areas of Tanzania. The findings show that firewood is the main source of energy for cooking, followed by charcoal, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and electricity in rural areas of Tanzania. The study shows that education, household size, occupation, income, and age of respondents determine the choices of energy sources for cooking. It can be concluded that, apart from improving income, other intervention such as family planning, reforestation programmes and promotion of the use of modern cooking stoves should be done to ensure sustainable development in rural areas of Tanzania

scholarly journals Underweight and Factors Associated Among Lactating Mothers In Dodata District, Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia,2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hawa Kedir ◽  
Godana Arero
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Arsi Zone ◽  
Low Bmi

Abstract Background: An underweight individual is a somebody whose body weight is considered too low (BMI <18.5) to be healthy. The similar idea applies to lactating mothers. However, little is known about underweight status among lactating women in the study area. The objective of study to assess incidence of underweight and related issues among lactating mothers in Dodota district of Arsi Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, from February 1-28, 2021.Method: The cross-sectional study design was done on 355 lactating mothers. The starata and simple random sampling technique were used. The structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used. Data were entered and cleaned using Epi info version 7.1 and SPSS version 21 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were done. Descriptive statistics wree performed. The crude and adjusted odds ratio along with 95%CI were used to measure the strength of association. The level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05. Result: Study revealed (14.1) lactating mother were underweight. Rural areas, (AOR=2.5 [95% CI: (1.061, 6.302), the practice of food taboos (AOR= 2.3, [95% CI: (1.045, 5.084) and income level(AOR= 2.1[95% CI: (1.003, 4. 460) were found to be independent determinants of underweight among lactating mothers in the study area. Conclusions: The prevalence of underweight among lactating mothers was lower.

Prevalence of Psychological Problems Among Adolescent Students of Selected Private School at Itahari Sub-Metropolis of Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
Parth Guragain ◽  
Hem Sagar Rimal ◽  
Tara Kafle
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Private School ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
School Mental Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Problem ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Adolescence is the second decade of life, the crucial period demanding significant adjustment in physical, psychological and social dimensions. The main aim of this study was to access the psychological problems of adolescents in Itahari sub-metropolis. Methods: A cross-sectional study design and consecutive sampling technique was adopted for the study. The study was conducted in selected schools of Itahari Metropolitan city. From the selected schools, students of class 7 to 12 with the age range of 11-19 years were included in the study. Sample size was calculated considering the prevalence of Psychosocial Problem of similar setting. The instrument for data collection was self-administered pediatric checklist for youth, an internationally valid tool, which was divided in three parts. Part I related to socio-demographic information, part II consisted of questions regarding family and school related factors and part III was the standard tool to measure psychosocial problem. Results: The prevalence of psychological morbidity on the basis of total difficulties score was found to be 23.9% (11) in male whereas 31.5% (17) was abnormal in female. Among males, 76.1% (35) was found to have normal scores as compared to 68.5% (37) in females although the difference was found to have no statistical significance. Conclusions: The adolescent age groups have to face various psychological problems and are likely to be very common. School mental health and social services have the potential to affect the prevalence of these and other psychological disorders by assisting in the assessment, referrals and management of the affected students.

scholarly journals Determinants of Anemia among Children Aged 6–59 Months in Ethiopia: Further Analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melash Belachew Asresie ◽  
Gedefaw Abeje Fekadu ◽  
Gizachew Worku Dagnew
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Young Mothers ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background. Anemia among children is a global public health problem. The burden is high in developing countries including Ethiopia. Although there are some studies about anemia among children, there is a dearth of information about factors associated with anemia in Ethiopia. Therefore, this analysis was performed to identify factors associated with anemia among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia. Methods. We used the 2016 Ethiopian Demography and Health Survey (EDHS) data. EDHS was a community-based, cross-sectional study conducted from January 18, 2016 to June 27, 2016. The 2016 EDHS selected the participants using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. A total of 8,462 children aged 6–59 months were included for this analysis. Both descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed using Stata version14. A P value less than 0.05 at 95% confidence interval was set to test the statistical significance. Results. The analysis indicated that about 58% (95% CI: 55.1, 60.1) of children aged 6–59 months were anemic. Of those, 29.4% and 3.1% had moderate and severe anemia, respectively. The analysis revealed that stunted (AOR = 0.135, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.62) and underweight (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.55) children had higher odds of being anemic. Besides, children aged 6–23 months (AOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.82), 24–42 months of age (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.51), and those with fever (AOR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.67) had higher odds of being anemic. Similarly, children from anemic mothers (AOR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.58, 2.18) and poor households (AOR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.67) were at a higher risk of anemia. Children from households with large family sizes (AOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.60), young mothers (15–24 years of age (AOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.82) and 25–34 years of age (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.51)), and developing regions (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.02) also had higher odds of developing anemia. Conclusion. The overall prevalence of anemia among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia was high. Malnourished children (stunting and underweight); children with fever; children from anemic, uneducated, and young mothers; and children from large and poor families had higher odds to develop anemia. Therefore, preventing childhood illnesses and maternal anemia should be strengthened to reduce anemia among children.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of intimate partner violence among men in a rural community of Oyo State, South-West Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 3991
Author(s):  
Idowu Ajibola ◽  
Olumide Aderonke ◽  
Aremu Olatayo A. ◽  
Fehintola Funmito O. ◽  
Popoola Gbenga
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) has continued unabated in many parts of the world including Nigeria with women being the victims in most instances. It is scientifically imperative to understand facilitating factors among men. This study examined the prevalence and the determinants of IPV practice among men in a rural community of Nigeria.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 430 men in Eruwa community, Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria. Two-staged cluster sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. A pre-tested, interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05 and 95% confidence intervals were obtained to assess the determinants of IPV practice.Results: Almost three-quarter (74%) of men had perpetrated one form of IPV or the other prior to the survey. Psychological IPV had the highest prevalence of 67.2%. At the bi-variate level, practice of IPV was significantly associated with respondents’ age (p=0.001), their educational status (p=0.001), employment status (p=0.001), marital status (p=0.001), duration of relationship (p=0.001), attitudes towards IPV perpetration (p=0.001) and age of partners (p=0.001). However, only respondents’ attitude towards IPV practice (OR; 3.10, 95% CI; 1.70-5.74) and their marital status (OR; 0.43, 95%CI; 0.27-0.70) were the significant predictors of IPV practice among the respondents.Conclusions:The burden of IPV is high among men. There is urgent need for policy formulation and implementation to curtail this public health challenge particularly among rural based men.  

scholarly journals Household Food Insecurity, Coping Strategies and Adolescent Girls’ Dietary Diversity Status in Hossana Town, Ethiopia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belay Bancha ◽  
Legese Petrose ◽  
Begidu Bashe Fanta ◽  
Ashebir Endale ◽  
Romedan Delil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Food

Abstract Background: Adolescents (10-19 years) represent 20 % of the world’s population. In Ethiopia they account for 20-26% of the general population. With adequate dietary diversity, this period is a window of opportunity to break intergenerational cycle of malnutrition. However, there is scarcity of data on the status of dietary diversity in this segments of the population. Methods: A community based cross sectional study design was employed from May 21-June 20, 2019. Cluster sampling technique was used to collect data from 451 households with adolescent girls. Data was entered in to Epi-Data version 3.1 then exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis were performed. Adjusted Odd Ratios (AOR), along with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used and the level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value of <0.05. Results: A total of 434 households with adolescent girls were involved in the study. We found that 41.7% of households were food insecure, only 57.8%, (C.I.53.5-62.2) of adolescent girls consumed diversified diet, with the mean dietary diversity score of 5.38 (SD=1.75). After adjusting for others, occupational status of the adolescents’ father, (AOR= 0.56, 95% C.I. 0.32-0.99 and AOR=0.26, 95% C.I. 0.17-0.47), exposure to televised media (AOR=3.36, 95% C.I. =1.55-7. 3) and household food security status (AOR=5.09, 95% C.I. =3.2-8.08) were significant predictors of dietary diversity among adolescent girls. Conclusion: Significant portion of households were food insecure; practicing ranges of coping strategies which further compromised dietary diversity of adolescent girls. Poor dietary diversity adversely affects micronutrient reserves of to-be a-mother girls; the vicious cycles of malnutrition continues its far fetching effect. Given that adolescence is the second period in life with rapid growth and development, improving dietary status of this sensitive segments of the population are to be an agenda of all concerned bodies.

scholarly journals Studi Kestabilan Tekanan Darah Pada Penderita Hipertensi Dan Faktor Yang Memengaruhinya

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Suci Khasanah ◽  
Maria Paulina Irma Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pressure Stability ◽  
Almost All

Instability of blood pressure is a condition in which the blood pressure is within the range of changes that tends to be constant. The blood pressure on the hypertensive people may change anytime, and it is difficult to be predicted. Even in some cases, the change of blood pressure cannot be felt by the sufferers, although it is much higher than the normal range. This may endanger the sufferers’ condition. This research aimed to know the blood pressure stability and the related factors of hypertensive people in Tambaksogra Village, Community Health Center 1 Sumbang. This research used observational analysis study design with cross sectional approach. The number of samples was 42 respondents; it was taken by using cluster sampling technique. The observation of blood pressure were done in 6 (six) days with daily measurement of the influencing factors. The data was analyzed by using lamda and coefficient of contingency. The result of the research showed that 90,5% of the respondents had unstable blood pressure (90,5%). The respondents with bad sleep quality were the most respondents who had unstable blood pressure (80,9%), p value 0,032; dominantly the respondents having unstable blood pressure were those who had normal level of stress (40,5%), p value 0,143; the obese respondents or non-obese respondents were the most respondents who had unstable blood pressure with p value 0,898. It can be concluded that almost all respondents have unstable blood pressure in six days observation and there is a correlation between sleep quality and the instability of blood pressure. Keywords: Blood Pressure Stability, Sleep Quality, Stress, and Obesity

scholarly journals Respiratory symptoms amongst females in a fishing settlement in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander B. Akani ◽  
Paul O. Dienye ◽  
Ita B. Okokon
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Girl Child

Background: Approximately half of the earth’s population in the rural areas of developing countries uses energy obtained from biomass burning, which is harmful to people.Objective: This study is aimed at determining which respiratory symptoms can be associated with biomass burning amongst fish smokers in the Oyorokoto fishing settlement. Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional questionnaire, which employed a modified cluster sampling technique, was used.Results: A total of 300 subjects were recruited for the study, of which 210 (70%) were fish smokers. The mean age was 31.46 ± 13.03 years, with the majority (42.0%) having only primary school education. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms amongst the subjects was 86.7%,the most frequent of which were catarrh (30.48%) and a cough (28.57%). The respiratory symptom occurring least frequently was breathlessness (2.38%). The symptoms most often experienced during fish smoking were those of catarrh (75.5%) and sneezing (73.0%), whereas breathlessness occurred the least, in only 7 (3.3%) of the participants. Sneezing stopped in 64.2% of the subjects after fish smoking had ceased. Most of the fish smoking took place indoors.Conclusion: Health promotion featuring preventive interventions, such as the wearing of facemasks and the use of modern fish smoking methods, which is associated with fewer health risks, is essential to improving the quality of life of fish smokers. The government’s provision of certain social services, including better education opportunities for the young, is advocated, and should be especially targeted at improving the lot of the girl child.

ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR IN UNWANTED PREGNANCY PREVENTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Arip Ambulan Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Adolescent Behavior ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Adolescent are at high risk of unwanted pragnency, including abortion, STIs, HIV/AIDS. Risky sexual behavior is one of the entrance transmissions of unwanted pregnancy. Such behavior can be influenced by various factors, beyond and within the individual factors. Teens need the support and motivation in deciding not to do risky sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of adolescent behavior in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.Methods: This research used cross-sectional design. The populations were students of senior high school in District Sintang. The were 123 respondents chosen by cluster sampling technique for this study. All data were collected using questionnaires and then analysed using bivariate (chi square) and multivariate analysis (logistic regression).Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents did not have good knowledge about the prevention of unwanted pregnancy. Related variable is the level of parental education (p=0.001), the support of parents/guardians (p=0.009), support teachers (p=0.005), peer support (p=0.039), residency (p=0.009), a pastime activity (p=0.000), knowledge of adolescents about reproductive health (p=0.016), perception ability of adolescents (p=0.006) and attitude of adolescents (p=0.049). Adolescent self-perception abilities are variables that most influence on the behavior of adolescents in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.Conclusions: Efforts to improve reproductive health programs should be early and adolescent have responsibilities as well as healthy behaviors.

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